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The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?

Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 23 Haziran 2026
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The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?

Öz

Summit diplomacy has become an increasingly significant phenomenon in international relations. Africa+1 summits, which bring together African countries and external actors, have emerged as one of the prominent examples of this type of diplomacy in recent decades. The existing literature generally approaches these summits from the perspective of technical cooperation efforts among the parties in various fields. However, this approach remains insufficient to fully explain the reasons for the emergence of Africa+1 summits and their broader roles in international politics. This article argues that these summits should mainly be understood as dual-nature diplomatic mechanisms. This means that while Africa+1 summits promote multidimensional development cooperation efforts between African countries and external actors, they also reflect the growing competition of external actors over the continent. In this context, this article identifies three key points regarding Africa+1 summits. Firstly, the emergence and proliferation of these summits are explained by the interplay between the opportunities offered by African countries and the structural deprivations they face. Secondly, Africa+1 summits promote development cooperation efforts between the parties in economic, political, social, cultural, and other fields altogether. Lastly, these summits also serve as instruments through which external actors expand their influence in Africa and counterbalance rival actors. Consequently, by examining Africa+1 summits, this study offers a comprehensive perspective on how development cooperation and geopolitical competition are intertwined in contemporary international relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Summit Diplomacy, Africa+1 Summits, Development Cooperation, Geopolitical Competition

Kaynakça

  1. Adibe, J. (2014) US-Africa Summit: Beyond the ‘Audacity of Hope’. African Renaissance, 11(3-4), 7-13.
  2. Africa Rising. (2011, December 3). The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/leaders/2011/12/03/africa-rising.
  3. African Union. (2019). Statement on the 2019 Russia-Africa Summit and Economic Forum. Retrieved from https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20191028/statement-2019-russia-africa-summit-and-economic-forum-0.
  4. African Union. (2021). Third Africa-Türkiye Partnership Summit. Retrieved From https://au.int/sites/default/files/newsevents/reports/41270-rp-E_Africa-Turkiye_Summit_2021_Declaration.pdf.
  5. Africanews. (2024). The Number of Out-of-School Children Continues to Decline-UNESCO, Retrieved from https://www.africanews.com/2022/09/02/the-number-of-out-of-school-children-continues-to-decline-unesco/.
  6. Ahmed, S. A., Cruz, M., Go., D. S., Maliszewska, M., & Rodarte, I. O. (2014). How Significant Is Africa’s Demographic Dividend for Its Future Growth and Poverty Reduction?. Washington DC: World Bank.
  7. Alden, C. (2019). Emerging Powers and Africa: From Development to Geopolitics. Rome: Istituto Affari Internazionali.
  8. Alonso, J. A., & Glennie, J. (2015) What Is Development Cooperation?. ECOSOC Development Cooperation Forum. Retrieved from archive.ipu.org/splz-e/nairobi16/policy-brief.pdf
  9. Appiah, M., & Zhang, T. (2013). Escaping the Resource Curse in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Hague: The Hague Institute for Global Justice.
  10. APRI. (2024). The Shifting Geography of Africa+1 Summits. Retrieved from https://afripoli.org/projects/africa-summit-map/.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Aydın, H., & Liu, Y. (2026). The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition? Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.66548/ajas.1923681
AMA
1.Aydın H, Liu Y. The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition? AJAS. 2026;5(1):1-28. doi:10.66548/ajas.1923681
Chicago
Aydın, Hasan, ve Yi Liu. 2026. “The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?”. Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi 5 (1): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.66548/ajas.1923681.
EndNote
Aydın H, Liu Y (01 Haziran 2026) The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition? Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi 5 1 1–28.
IEEE
[1]H. Aydın ve Y. Liu, “The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?”, AJAS, c. 5, sy 1, ss. 1–28, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.66548/ajas.1923681.
ISNAD
Aydın, Hasan - Liu, Yi. “The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?”. Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi 5/1 (01 Haziran 2026): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.66548/ajas.1923681.
JAMA
1.Aydın H, Liu Y. The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition? AJAS. 2026;5:1–28.
MLA
Aydın, Hasan, ve Yi Liu. “The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition?”. Bölge Çalışmaları Dergisi, c. 5, sy 1, Haziran 2026, ss. 1-28, doi:10.66548/ajas.1923681.
Vancouver
1.Hasan Aydın, Yi Liu. The Dual Nature of Africa+1 Summits: Development Cooperation or Geopolitical Competition? AJAS. 01 Haziran 2026;5(1):1-28. doi:10.66548/ajas.1923681