Phytoremediation efficiencies of Brassica napus and Chenopodium quinoa in soils contaminated with Pb using chelator complexes

Öz

Heavy metal pollution is one of the essential pollutions, and phytoremediation is one of the preferred methods to eliminate this pollution. The use of the degradable chelating agent for phytoremediation efficiency is a promising and low-cost method for removing soil contaminated with heavy metals. In this study, it was investigated whether phenanthroline and humic acid increase phytoremediation activities for Brassica napus L. and Chenopodium quinoa Wild. species and their applicability. The study was carried out under greenhouse conditions with 3 replications according to a complete random block trial design by applying 4 doses of each of the (i) control (without chelate), (ii) EDTA, (iii) nitro, (iv) pyridine, (v) 1-10 phenanthroline and (vi) humic acid treatments (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol kg-1 The obtained results showed that the highest tolerance indices (TI) for B. napus was found at 2.5 mmol kg-1 nitro chelate. TI of C. quinoa was highest at 5 mmol kg-1 pyridine chelate. Maximum Pb accumulations were found at 5 mmol kg-1 1-10 phenanthroline and 5 mmol kg-1 pyridine chelates in B. napus and C. quinoa, respectively. In both species, while Pb accumulations were high in roots, they were low in stems and leaves. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated highest at 2.5 mmol kg-1 nitro and 1-10 phenanthroline for B. napus and C. quinoa, respectively. These species were used as hyperaccumulator plants in many studies. Increasing the performance of hyperaccumulator plants to be used in cleaning the habitats exposed to heavy metal pollution will increase the efficiency of phytoremediation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heavy metal
• pollution
• accumulator plant
• agricultural plants

Şelatör kompleksleri kullanılarak Pb ile kirlenmiş topraklarda Brassica napus ve Chenopodium quinoa'nın fitoremediasyon etkinlikleri

Öz

Ağır metal kirliliği önemli kirliliklerden olup, fitoremediasyon bu kirliliği ortadan kaldırmak için tercih edilen yöntemlerdendir. Fitoremediasyon verimliliği için bozunabilir şelatlama maddesinin kullanımı, ağır metallerin topraktan uzaklaştırılması için için umut verici ve düşük maliyetli bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, EDTA (etilendiamintetraasetik asit), nitro (4-nitrobenzaldehit), piridin, 1-10 fenantrolin ve hümik asidin Brassica napus L. ve Chenopodium quinoa Willd. türleri için fitoremediasyon etkinliklerini arttırıp arttırmadığı ve uygulanabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Çalışma (i) kontrol (şelat ilavesiz), (ii) EDTA, (iii) nitro, (iv) piridine, (v) 1-10 fenantrolin ve (vi) hümik asit uygulamalarının her birinden 4 doz (0, 2.5, 5 ve 10 mmol kg-1) uygulayarak tam şansa bağlı blok deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak sera şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, B. napus için en yüksek tolerans indeksinin (TI) 2.5 mmol kg-1 nitro şelatta bulunmuştur. C. quinoa'nın TI değeri 5 mmol kg-1 piridin şelatta en yüksek bulunmuştur. Maksimum Pb birikimleri sırasıyla B. napus ve C. quinoa'da 5 mmol kg-1 1-10 fenantrolin ve 5 mmol kg-1 piridin şelatlarında bulunmuştur. Her iki türde de köklerde Pb birikimleri yüksek iken, gövde ve yapraklarda düşük düzeydeydir. Biyokonsantrasyon faktörleri (BCF) en yüksek sırasıyla B. napus ve C. quinoa için 2.5 mmol kg-1 nitro ve 1-10 fenantrolinde hesaplanmıştır. Bu türler birçok çalışmada hiperakümülatör bitkiler olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonunda, türlerin en yüksek hiperakümülatör kapasiteleri 2.5 mmol kg-1 nitro ve 1-10 fenantrolin uygulamasından elde edildiği bulunmuştur. Ağır metal kirliliğine maruz habitatların temizlenmesinde kullanılacak hiperakümülatör bitkiler kadar onların performansının artırılması da fitoremediasyonun etkinliğini artıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağır metal
• kirlilik
• akümülatör bitki
• tarımsal bitkiler

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