Bazı bitki türlerinin yeşil gübre olarak soğan sak nematodunun (Ditylenchus dipsaci) mücadelesi için in vitro etkinliği

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 32 - 36, 15.05.2021

Elif Yavuzaslanoğlu Gamze Aksay Ahmet Çetinkaya

https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.866427

Öz

Soğan sak nematodu, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936, dünyada bitkisel üretimde önemli kayıplara neden olan bitki paraziti bir nematoddur. Doğada birikim yapmayan ve toprak kökenli hastalık ve zararlıların kontrolünde ümit var mücadele yöntemlerinden biri yeşil gübrelemedir. Yeşil gübrelemenin soğan sak nematodu üzerine etkinliği ile ilgili çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Brassicaceae familyasından 4 bitki türü ve bir Tagetes patula L. çeşidinin soğan sak nematodu üzerindeki etkinliği in vitro olarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada su ve kum ortamında 4. ve 11. günde 5 bitki türünde nematodlardaki hareketsizlik oranları kayıt edilmiştir. Bitki türlerinin etkinliği zamanla artmıştır. Çalışmada bütün uygulamalarda en yüksek hareketsiz nematod oranı roka ile elde edilmiştir. Su ortamında 4. ve 11. günlerde sırasıyla %84.1 ve %95.7 oranlarında hareketsiz nematod elde edilirken kum ortamında, hareketsiz nematod oranı %60.2 ve %86.1 olarak kayıt edilmiştir. Rokayı takiben Tagetes patula 4. ve 11. günlerde sırasıyla su ortamında %72.9 ve %98.3 oranlarında, kum ortamında ise %40.9 ve %81.9 oranlarında etkinlik göstermiştir. Turp da sırasıyla 4. ve 11. günlerde su ortamında %62.5 ve %94.2, kum ortamında %59.2 ve %80.9 hareketsiz nematod oranları ile ümitvar bulunmuştur. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler tarla koşullarında yeşil gübre uygulamaları için ön veri oluşturmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

biyofumigasyon, Brassicaceae, kültürel mücadele, nematod baskılanması, Tagetes spp.

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

In vitro effectiveness of some plant species as green manure for the control of stem and bulb nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci)

Öz

Stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936, is a plant parasitic nematode that causes significant losses in plant production in the world. One of the promising methods for control of soil-borne diseases and pests that do not accumulate in nature is green manure application. Studies on the effectiveness of green manure on stem and bulb nematode are limited. In this study, the activity of 4 plant species from Brassicaceae family and one Tagetes patula L. variety on stem and bulb nematode was investigated in vitro. In the study, rates of motionless nematodes were recorded in the water and sand medium in 4 days and 11 days in five plant species. The efficiency of the plant species was increased over time. In all treatments in the study, the highest rate of motionless nematodes was obtained with arugula. On the 4th and 11th days in the water medium, 84.1% and 95.7% of motionless nematodes were obtained, respectively, while in the sand medium, the rate of motionless nematodes was 60.2% and 86.1%. Following the arugula, Tagetes patula showed activity at the rates of 72.9% and 98.3% in the water medium and 40.9% and 81.9% in the sand medium on the 4th and 11th days, respectively. Radish was also found promising with 62.5% and 94.2% in water medium, 59.2% and 80.9 in the sand medium, on the 4th and 11th days, respectively. The data obtained in the study provided preliminary data for green manure applications under field conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biofumigation, Brassicaceae, Cultural management, Nematode suppression, Tagetes spp.

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

• Abd-Elgawad MMM, Askary TH (2015). Impact of phytonematodes on agriculture ecology. In: Askary TH, Martinelli PRP (eds.). Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes. London: CAB International.
• Al-Rehiayani S, Hafez S (1998). Host status and greend manure effect of selected crops on Meloidogne chitwodi race 2 and Pratylenchus neglectus. Nematropica 28: 213-230.
• Aydınlı G, Şen F, Mennan S (2019). Bazı bitki ekstraktlarının kök-ur nematodu Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae)’nın kontrolünde kullanılabilme potansiyeli. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi 22(3): 414-420 . Evenhuis A, Korthals GV, Molendijk LPG (2004). Tagetes patula as an effective catch crop for long-term control of Pratylenchus penetrans. Nematology 6: 877-881.
• Johnson AW, Golden AM, Auld DL, Summer DR (1992). Effects of rapeseed and vetch as green manure crops and fallow on nematodes and soilborne pathogens. Journal of Nematology 24: 117-126.
• JMP (2020). Statistics Website: https://www.jmp.com [Accessed: 19 January 2021].
• Hafez SL, Sundararaj P (2000). Evaluation of chemical strategies along with cultural practices for the management of Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato. International Journal of Nematology 10: 89-93.
• Hooper DJ, Hallmann J, Subbotin SA (2005). Methods for Extraction, Processing and Detection of Plant and Soil Nematodes. In: Luc M, Sikora RA, Bridge J (eds.). Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture. London: CABI Publishing. pp. 87-119.
• Kaşkavalcı G, Tüzel Y, Dura O, Öztekin GB (2009). Effects of alternative control methods against Meloidogyne incognita in organic tomato production. Ekoloji 72: 23-31.
• Kimpinski JW, Arsenault J, Gallant CE, Sanderson JB (2000). The effect of marigolds (Tagetes spp.) and other cover crops on Pratylenchus penetrans and on following potato crops. Supplemental Journal of Nematology 32: 531-536.
• Kruger DHM, Fourie JC, Malan A (2015). Control potential of Brassicaceae cover crops as green manure and their host status for Meloidogyne javanica and Criconemoides xenoplax. South African Journal for Enology and Viticulture 36(1): 165-174.
• Lord JS, Lazzeri L, Atkinson HJ, Urwin PE (2011). Biofumigation for control of pale potato cyst nematodes: activity of Brassica leaf extracts and green manures on Globodera pallida in vitro and in soil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59(14): 7882-7890.
• Matthiessen JN, Kirkegaard JA (2006). Biofumigation and enhanced biodegradation: Oppotununity and challenge in soilborne pest and disease management. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 25: 235-265.
• McLeod RW, Steel CC (1999). Effects of brassica-leaf gren manures and crops on activity and reproduction of Meloidogyne javanica. Nematology 1: 613-624.
• Melakeberhan H, Xu A, Kravchenko A, Mennan S, Riga E (2006). Potential use of arugula (Eruca sativa L.) as a trap crop for Meloidogyne hapla. Nematology 8(5):793-799.
• Mojtahedi H, Santo GS, Wilson JH, Hang AN (1993). Managing Meloidogyne chitwoodi on potato with rapeseed as gren manure. Plant Disease 77: 42-46.
• Ngala BM, Haydock PPJ, Woods S, Back MA (2015). Biofumigation with Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Eruca sativa for the management of field populations of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida. Pest Management Science 71(5): 759-769.
• Oka Y, Ben-Daniel B, Cohen Y (2012). Nematicidal activity of the leaf powder and extracts of Myrtus communis to the root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Plant Pathology 61: 1012-1020.
• Potter MJ, Davies AJ, Rathjen AJ (1998). Suppressive impact of glucosinolates in Brassica vegetative tissues on root lesion nematode Pratylenchus neglectus.Journal of Chemical Ecology 24: 67-80.
• Riga E (2011). The effects of Brassica green manures on plant parasitic and living nematodes used in combination with reduced rates of synthetic nematisides. Journal of Nematology 43(2): 119-121.
• Seigies AT, Pritts M (2006). Cover crop rotations alter soil microbiology and reduce replant disorders in strawberry. Hortscience 41: 1303-1308.
• Seinhorst JW (1956). Population studies on stem eelworm Ditylenchus dipsaci. Nematologica 1: 159-164.
• Stapleton JJ, Duncan RA (1998). Soil disinfestation with cruciferous amendments and sublethal heating: effects on Meloidogyne incognita, Sclerotium rotfsii and Pythium ultimum. Plant Pathology 47: 737-742.
• Sturhan D, Brzeski MW (1991). Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus spp.. In: Nickle WR (ed.). Manual of agricultural nematology. New York: Marcel Dekker Publications.
• Yavuzaslanoglu E, Aksay G (2021). Susceptibility of different plant species to two populations of Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn, 1857 (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology 45(1): 77-86.
• Youssef MMA (2015). Biofumigation as a promising tool for managing plant parasitic nematodes, a review. Scientia Agriculturae 10(3): 115-118.
• Youssef MMA, Lashein AMS (2013). Effect of cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) leaf residue as a biofumigant, on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato. Journal of Plant Protection Resources 53(3): 271-274.