Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 65 - 77, 15.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.907233

Öz

Buğdayın kültüre alınmış ve yabani türleri, kurak ve stres içermeyen şartlara uygun üstün kök özelliklerine sahip yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesi için kullanılabilecek değerli ıslah materyalleridir. Bu çalışma, erken vejetatif (Z11) ve sapa kalkma (Z31) gelişme dönemlerinde Triticum ve Aegilops türleriyle birlikte intergenerik hibritler arasındaki fenotipik farklılığı ve üstün kök özelliklerine sahip genotipleri belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları, genotipler arasında kök derinliği bakımından Z11 ve Z31 gelişme dönemlerinde sırasıyla 3.2 ve 3.4 kat, kök biyoması bakımından ise 20 ve 23.8 kat önemli bir fenotipik farklılığın olduğunu göstermiştir. Hiyerarşik kümelemede her iki gelişme döneminde kök özellikleri değerlendirildiğinde 35 genotip dört farklı gruba ayrılmıştır, gurup 1’de yüksek kök biyomasına sahip 3 genotip ve gurup 2’de ise derin köklü altı genotip yer almıştır. Her iki gelişme döneminde de kök özellikleri arasında önemli ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, Z11’de (r2=0.83) kök ve sürgün biyoması arasındaki ilişki, Z31’den (r2=0.44) daha güçlü bulunmuştur. Genel bir değerlendirme olarak her iki gelişme döneminde de derin köklere ve/veya yüksek kök biyoması gibi üstün kök özelliklerine sahip genotipler yeni çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilir.

Kaynakça

  • Acevedo E, Silva P, Silva H (2002). Wheat growth and physiology. Bread Wheat, Improvement and Production 30: 39-70.
  • Adu MO, Sparkes DL, Parmar A, Yawson DO (2011). Stay green in wheat: Comparative study of modern bread wheat and ancient wheat cultivars. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 6: 16-24.
  • Akman H, Akgun N, Tamkoc A (2017a). Comparison of root and shoot traits of different wheat species and wild wheat relatives: Does feature of shoot biomass have positive and significant relationships with grain yield and root traits?. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomia de la Universidad del Zulia 34: 428-447.
  • Akman H, Akgun N, Tamkoc A (2017b). Screening for root and shoot traits in different wheat species and wild wheat relatives. Botanical Sciences 95: 147-154.
  • Allan R, Vogel O, Burleigh J (1962). Length and estimated number of coleoptile parenchyma cells of six wheat selections grown at two temperatues 1. Crop Science 2: 522-524.
  • Arzani A, Ashraf M (2017). Cultivated ancient wheats (Triticum spp.): A potential source of health‐beneficial food products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 16: 477-488.
  • Atta BM, Mahmood T, Trethowan TM (2013). Relationship between root morphology and grain yield of wheat in North-Western NSW, Australia. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7: 2108-2115.
  • Banga SS, Kang MS (2014). Developing climate-resilient crops. Journal of Crop Improvement 28: 57-87.
  • Bektaş H, Waines JG (2020). Effect of grain size on the root system architecture of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research 7: 78-84.
  • Bektaş H, Hohn CE, Waines JG (2020). Dissection of quantitative trait loci for root characters and day length sensitivity in SynOpDH wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bi-parental mapping population. Plant Genetic Resources, 18(3): 130-142.
  • Bengough AG, McKenzie B, Hallett P, Valentine T (2011). Root elongation, water stress, and mechanical impedance: A review of limiting stresses and beneficial root tip traits. Journal of Experimental Botany 62: 59-68.
  • Bengough AG, Mullins CE (1990). Mechanical impedance to root growth: A review of experimental techniques and root growth responses. Journal of Soil Science 41: 341-358.
  • Bienkowska T, Suchowilska E, Wiwart M (2020). Triticum polonicum L. As promising source material for breeding new wheat cultivars. Journal of Elementology 25: 237-248.
  • Botwright T, Rebetzke G, Condon A, Richards R (2001). Influence of variety, seed position and seed source on screening for coleoptile length in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica 119: 349-356.
  • Chapman S, Mathews K, Trethowan R, Singh R (2007). Relationships between height and yield in near-isogenic spring wheats that contrast for major reduced height genes. Euphytica 157: 391-397.
  • Dreccer MF, Chapman SC, Rattey AR, Neal J, Song Y, Christopher JT, Reynolds M (2013). Developmental and growth controls of tillering and water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation in contrasting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes: Can we dissect them?. Journal of Experimental Botany 64: 143-160.
  • Dvorak J, Akhunov ED (2005). Tempos of gene locus deletions and duplications and their relationship to recombination rate during diploid and polyploid evolution in the Aegilops-Triticum alliance. Genetics 171: 323-332.
  • Ehdaie B, Merhaut D, Ahmadian S, Hoops A, Khuong T, Layne A, Waines J (2010). Root system size influences water‐nutrient uptake and nitrate leaching potential in wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 196: 455-466.
  • El Hassouni K, Alahmad S, Belkadi B, Filali-Maltouf A, Hickey L, Bassi F (2018). Root system architecture and its association with yield under different water regimes in durum wheat. Crop Science 58: 2331-2346.
  • Elhani S, Martos V, Rharrabti Y, Royo C, del Moral LG (2007). Contribution of main stem and tillers to durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grain yield and its components grown in mediterranean environments. Field Crops Research 103: 25-35.
  • Fang Y, Du Y, Wang J, Wu A, Qiao S, Xu B, Zhang S, Siddique KH, Chen Y (2017). Moderate drought stress affected root growth and grain yield in old, modern and newly released cultivars of winter wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 1-14.
  • Farquhar G, Richards R (1984). Isotopic composition of plant carbon correlates with water-use efficiency of wheat genotypes. Functional Plant Biology 11: 539-552.
  • Fotovat R, Valizadeh M, Toorchi M (2007). Association between water-use efficiency components and total chlorophyll content (spad) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment 5: 225-227.
  • Friedli CN, Abiven S, Fossati D, Hund A (2019). Modern wheat semi-dwarfs root deep on demand: Response of rooting depth to drought in a set of Swiss era wheats covering 100 years of breeding. Euphytica 215: 85.
  • Heřmanská A, Středa T, Chloupek O (2015). Improved wheat grain yield by a new method of root selection. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 35: 195-202.
  • Kanbar A, Toorchi M, Shashidhar H (2009). Relationship between root and yield morphological characters in rainfed low land rice (Oryza sativa L.). Cereal Research Communications 37: 261-268.
  • Kishii M (2019). An update of recent use of Aegilops species in wheat breeding. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: 585.
  • Li D, Long D, Li T, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zeng J, Xu L, Fan X, Sha L, Zhang H (2018). Cytogenetics and stripe rust resistance of wheat–Thinopyrum elongatum hybrid derivatives. Molecular Cytogenetics 11: 1-16.
  • Liatukas Z, Ruzgas V (2011). Relationship of coleoptile length and plant height in winter wheat accessions. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43: 1535-1540.
  • Manschadi AM, Christopher J, deVoil P, Hammer GL (2006). The role of root architectural traits in adaptation of wheat to water-limited environments. Functional Plant Biology 33: 823-837.
  • Manschadi AM, Hammer GL, Christopher JT, Devoil P (2008). Genotypic variation in seedling root architectural traits and implications for drought adaptation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant and Soil 303: 115-129.
  • Manske GG, Vlek PL (2002). Root architecture–wheat as a model plant. Plant Roots: The Hidden Half 3: 249-259.
  • Maron L (2019). Sequencing of ancient wheat genomes opens a window into the past. The Plant Journal 99: 199-200.
  • Mathre D, Johnston R, Martin J (1985). Sources of resistance to Cephalosporium gramineum in Triticum and Agropyron species. Euphytica 34: 419-424.
  • Mohan A, Schillinger WF, Gill KS (2013). Wheat seedling emergence from deep planting depths and its relationship with coleoptile length. PLoS One 8: 1-9.
  • Murray G, Kuiper J (1988). Emergence of wheat may be reduced by seed weather damage and azole fungicides and is related to coleoptile length. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28: 253-261.
  • Nakhforoosh A, Grausgruber H, Kaul H-P, Bodner G (2014). Wheat root diversity and root functional characterization. Plant and Soil 380: 211-229.
  • Nevo E (2011). Cereals. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer.
  • Özkan H, Tuna M, Kilian B, Mori N, Ohta S (2010). Genome size variation in diploid and tetraploid wild wheats. AoB Plants 2010: 1-11.
  • Palta JA, Chen X, Milroy SP, Rebetzke GJ, Dreccer MF, Watt M (2011). Large root systems: Are they useful in adapting wheat to dry environments? Functional Plant Biology 38: 347-354.
  • Passioura J (1983). Roots and drought resistance. Agricultural Water Management 7: 265-280.
  • Peng J, Sun D, Nevo E (2011). Wild emmer wheat,'Triticum dicoccoides', occupies a pivotal position in wheat domestication process. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5: 1127-1143.
  • Perrier X, Jacquemoud-Collet JP (2006). DARwin software. Available from http://www.darwin.cirad.fr/darwin/Home.php / [accessed 25 December 2020].
  • Prasad P, Staggenborg S, Ristic Z (2008). Impacts of drought and/or heat stress on physiological, developmental, growth, and yield processes of crop plants. Response of crops to limited water: Understanding and modeling water stress effects on plant growth processes 1: 301-355.
  • Puangbut D, Jogloy S, Vorasoot N (2017). Association of photosynthetic traits with water use efficiency and spad chlorophyll meter reading of Jerusalem artichoke under drought conditions. Agricultural Water Management 188: 29-35.
  • Richards RA (2006). Physiological traits used in the breeding of new cultivars for water-scarce environments. Agricultural Water Management 80: 197-211.
  • Qi D, Hu T, Song X, Zhang M (2019). Effect of nitrogen supply method on root growth and grain yield of maize under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. Scientific Reports 9: 1-10.
  • Rebetzke G, Ellis M, Bonnett D, Richards R (2007). Molecular mapping of genes for coleoptile growth in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114: 1173-1183.
  • Richard CA, Hickey LT, Fletcher S, Jennings R, Chenu K, Christopher JT (2015). High-throughput phenotyping of seminal root traits in wheat. Plant Methods 11: 1-11.
  • Sayar R, Khemira H, Kharrat M (2007). Inheritance of deeper root length and grain yield in half‐diallel durum wheat (Triticum durum) crosses. Annals of Applied Biology 151: 213-220.
  • Sharma R (1993). Selection for biomass yield in wheat. Euphytica 70: 35-42.
  • Siddique K, Belford R, Tennant D (1990). Root: Shoot ratios of old and modern, tall and semi-dwarf wheats in a mediterranean environment. Plant and Soil 121: 89-98.
  • Singh K, Khanna-Chopra R (2010). Physiology and QTL analysis of coleoptile length, a trait for drought tolerance in wheat. Journal of Plant Biology 37: 1-9.
  • Středa T, Dostál V, Horáková V, Chloupek O (2012). Effective use of water by wheat varieties with different root system sizes in rain-fed experiments in central europe. Agricultural Water Management 104: 203-209.
  • Subbiah B, Katyal J, Narasimham R, Dakshinamurti C (1968). Preliminary investigations on root distribution of high yielding wheat varieties. The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 19: 385-390.
  • Ullah S, Bramley H, Daetwyler H, He S, Mahmood T, Thistlethwaite R, Trethowan R (2018). Genetic contribution of emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) to heat tolerance of bread wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 1-11.
  • Wang H-J, Huang X-Q, Röder M, Börner A (2002). Genetic mapping of loci determining long glumes in the genus Triticum. Euphytica 123: 287-293.

Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 65 - 77, 15.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.907233

Öz

Cultivated and wild species of wheat are valuable breeding resources used for the development of new cultivars with superior root traits suited to drought and non-stressed conditions. The present study aimed to determine genotypes with superior root traits and phenotypic variability among intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in the early vegetative (Z11) and stem elongation (Z31) growth stages. Results indicated that phenotypic variability in rooting depth was 3.2- and 3.4-fold among the genotypes in Z11 and Z31, and it was as great as 20- and 23.8-fold for root biomass, respectively. Hierarchical clustering among 35 genotypes for root traits in both growth stages identified four major clusters, grouping the six deep-rooted genotypes in cluster 2 and three genotypes with high root biomass in cluster 1. In both growth stages, significant associations were found among the root traits. Also, the relationship was stronger between the root and shoot biomass in Z11 (r2=0.83) than in Z31 (r2=0.44). As an overall assessment, the suggested genotypes with superior root characteristics such as deep roots and/or high root biomass sustained in both growth stages might be used for the development of new cultivars.

Kaynakça

  • Acevedo E, Silva P, Silva H (2002). Wheat growth and physiology. Bread Wheat, Improvement and Production 30: 39-70.
  • Adu MO, Sparkes DL, Parmar A, Yawson DO (2011). Stay green in wheat: Comparative study of modern bread wheat and ancient wheat cultivars. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 6: 16-24.
  • Akman H, Akgun N, Tamkoc A (2017a). Comparison of root and shoot traits of different wheat species and wild wheat relatives: Does feature of shoot biomass have positive and significant relationships with grain yield and root traits?. Revista de la Facultad de Agronomia de la Universidad del Zulia 34: 428-447.
  • Akman H, Akgun N, Tamkoc A (2017b). Screening for root and shoot traits in different wheat species and wild wheat relatives. Botanical Sciences 95: 147-154.
  • Allan R, Vogel O, Burleigh J (1962). Length and estimated number of coleoptile parenchyma cells of six wheat selections grown at two temperatues 1. Crop Science 2: 522-524.
  • Arzani A, Ashraf M (2017). Cultivated ancient wheats (Triticum spp.): A potential source of health‐beneficial food products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 16: 477-488.
  • Atta BM, Mahmood T, Trethowan TM (2013). Relationship between root morphology and grain yield of wheat in North-Western NSW, Australia. Australian Journal of Crop Science 7: 2108-2115.
  • Banga SS, Kang MS (2014). Developing climate-resilient crops. Journal of Crop Improvement 28: 57-87.
  • Bektaş H, Waines JG (2020). Effect of grain size on the root system architecture of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turkish Journal of Agricultural Research 7: 78-84.
  • Bektaş H, Hohn CE, Waines JG (2020). Dissection of quantitative trait loci for root characters and day length sensitivity in SynOpDH wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bi-parental mapping population. Plant Genetic Resources, 18(3): 130-142.
  • Bengough AG, McKenzie B, Hallett P, Valentine T (2011). Root elongation, water stress, and mechanical impedance: A review of limiting stresses and beneficial root tip traits. Journal of Experimental Botany 62: 59-68.
  • Bengough AG, Mullins CE (1990). Mechanical impedance to root growth: A review of experimental techniques and root growth responses. Journal of Soil Science 41: 341-358.
  • Bienkowska T, Suchowilska E, Wiwart M (2020). Triticum polonicum L. As promising source material for breeding new wheat cultivars. Journal of Elementology 25: 237-248.
  • Botwright T, Rebetzke G, Condon A, Richards R (2001). Influence of variety, seed position and seed source on screening for coleoptile length in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Euphytica 119: 349-356.
  • Chapman S, Mathews K, Trethowan R, Singh R (2007). Relationships between height and yield in near-isogenic spring wheats that contrast for major reduced height genes. Euphytica 157: 391-397.
  • Dreccer MF, Chapman SC, Rattey AR, Neal J, Song Y, Christopher JT, Reynolds M (2013). Developmental and growth controls of tillering and water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation in contrasting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes: Can we dissect them?. Journal of Experimental Botany 64: 143-160.
  • Dvorak J, Akhunov ED (2005). Tempos of gene locus deletions and duplications and their relationship to recombination rate during diploid and polyploid evolution in the Aegilops-Triticum alliance. Genetics 171: 323-332.
  • Ehdaie B, Merhaut D, Ahmadian S, Hoops A, Khuong T, Layne A, Waines J (2010). Root system size influences water‐nutrient uptake and nitrate leaching potential in wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 196: 455-466.
  • El Hassouni K, Alahmad S, Belkadi B, Filali-Maltouf A, Hickey L, Bassi F (2018). Root system architecture and its association with yield under different water regimes in durum wheat. Crop Science 58: 2331-2346.
  • Elhani S, Martos V, Rharrabti Y, Royo C, del Moral LG (2007). Contribution of main stem and tillers to durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grain yield and its components grown in mediterranean environments. Field Crops Research 103: 25-35.
  • Fang Y, Du Y, Wang J, Wu A, Qiao S, Xu B, Zhang S, Siddique KH, Chen Y (2017). Moderate drought stress affected root growth and grain yield in old, modern and newly released cultivars of winter wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science 8: 1-14.
  • Farquhar G, Richards R (1984). Isotopic composition of plant carbon correlates with water-use efficiency of wheat genotypes. Functional Plant Biology 11: 539-552.
  • Fotovat R, Valizadeh M, Toorchi M (2007). Association between water-use efficiency components and total chlorophyll content (spad) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment 5: 225-227.
  • Friedli CN, Abiven S, Fossati D, Hund A (2019). Modern wheat semi-dwarfs root deep on demand: Response of rooting depth to drought in a set of Swiss era wheats covering 100 years of breeding. Euphytica 215: 85.
  • Heřmanská A, Středa T, Chloupek O (2015). Improved wheat grain yield by a new method of root selection. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 35: 195-202.
  • Kanbar A, Toorchi M, Shashidhar H (2009). Relationship between root and yield morphological characters in rainfed low land rice (Oryza sativa L.). Cereal Research Communications 37: 261-268.
  • Kishii M (2019). An update of recent use of Aegilops species in wheat breeding. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: 585.
  • Li D, Long D, Li T, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zeng J, Xu L, Fan X, Sha L, Zhang H (2018). Cytogenetics and stripe rust resistance of wheat–Thinopyrum elongatum hybrid derivatives. Molecular Cytogenetics 11: 1-16.
  • Liatukas Z, Ruzgas V (2011). Relationship of coleoptile length and plant height in winter wheat accessions. Pakistan Journal of Botany 43: 1535-1540.
  • Manschadi AM, Christopher J, deVoil P, Hammer GL (2006). The role of root architectural traits in adaptation of wheat to water-limited environments. Functional Plant Biology 33: 823-837.
  • Manschadi AM, Hammer GL, Christopher JT, Devoil P (2008). Genotypic variation in seedling root architectural traits and implications for drought adaptation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant and Soil 303: 115-129.
  • Manske GG, Vlek PL (2002). Root architecture–wheat as a model plant. Plant Roots: The Hidden Half 3: 249-259.
  • Maron L (2019). Sequencing of ancient wheat genomes opens a window into the past. The Plant Journal 99: 199-200.
  • Mathre D, Johnston R, Martin J (1985). Sources of resistance to Cephalosporium gramineum in Triticum and Agropyron species. Euphytica 34: 419-424.
  • Mohan A, Schillinger WF, Gill KS (2013). Wheat seedling emergence from deep planting depths and its relationship with coleoptile length. PLoS One 8: 1-9.
  • Murray G, Kuiper J (1988). Emergence of wheat may be reduced by seed weather damage and azole fungicides and is related to coleoptile length. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 28: 253-261.
  • Nakhforoosh A, Grausgruber H, Kaul H-P, Bodner G (2014). Wheat root diversity and root functional characterization. Plant and Soil 380: 211-229.
  • Nevo E (2011). Cereals. Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer.
  • Özkan H, Tuna M, Kilian B, Mori N, Ohta S (2010). Genome size variation in diploid and tetraploid wild wheats. AoB Plants 2010: 1-11.
  • Palta JA, Chen X, Milroy SP, Rebetzke GJ, Dreccer MF, Watt M (2011). Large root systems: Are they useful in adapting wheat to dry environments? Functional Plant Biology 38: 347-354.
  • Passioura J (1983). Roots and drought resistance. Agricultural Water Management 7: 265-280.
  • Peng J, Sun D, Nevo E (2011). Wild emmer wheat,'Triticum dicoccoides', occupies a pivotal position in wheat domestication process. Australian Journal of Crop Science 5: 1127-1143.
  • Perrier X, Jacquemoud-Collet JP (2006). DARwin software. Available from http://www.darwin.cirad.fr/darwin/Home.php / [accessed 25 December 2020].
  • Prasad P, Staggenborg S, Ristic Z (2008). Impacts of drought and/or heat stress on physiological, developmental, growth, and yield processes of crop plants. Response of crops to limited water: Understanding and modeling water stress effects on plant growth processes 1: 301-355.
  • Puangbut D, Jogloy S, Vorasoot N (2017). Association of photosynthetic traits with water use efficiency and spad chlorophyll meter reading of Jerusalem artichoke under drought conditions. Agricultural Water Management 188: 29-35.
  • Richards RA (2006). Physiological traits used in the breeding of new cultivars for water-scarce environments. Agricultural Water Management 80: 197-211.
  • Qi D, Hu T, Song X, Zhang M (2019). Effect of nitrogen supply method on root growth and grain yield of maize under alternate partial root-zone irrigation. Scientific Reports 9: 1-10.
  • Rebetzke G, Ellis M, Bonnett D, Richards R (2007). Molecular mapping of genes for coleoptile growth in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 114: 1173-1183.
  • Richard CA, Hickey LT, Fletcher S, Jennings R, Chenu K, Christopher JT (2015). High-throughput phenotyping of seminal root traits in wheat. Plant Methods 11: 1-11.
  • Sayar R, Khemira H, Kharrat M (2007). Inheritance of deeper root length and grain yield in half‐diallel durum wheat (Triticum durum) crosses. Annals of Applied Biology 151: 213-220.
  • Sharma R (1993). Selection for biomass yield in wheat. Euphytica 70: 35-42.
  • Siddique K, Belford R, Tennant D (1990). Root: Shoot ratios of old and modern, tall and semi-dwarf wheats in a mediterranean environment. Plant and Soil 121: 89-98.
  • Singh K, Khanna-Chopra R (2010). Physiology and QTL analysis of coleoptile length, a trait for drought tolerance in wheat. Journal of Plant Biology 37: 1-9.
  • Středa T, Dostál V, Horáková V, Chloupek O (2012). Effective use of water by wheat varieties with different root system sizes in rain-fed experiments in central europe. Agricultural Water Management 104: 203-209.
  • Subbiah B, Katyal J, Narasimham R, Dakshinamurti C (1968). Preliminary investigations on root distribution of high yielding wheat varieties. The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes 19: 385-390.
  • Ullah S, Bramley H, Daetwyler H, He S, Mahmood T, Thistlethwaite R, Trethowan R (2018). Genetic contribution of emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccon Schrank) to heat tolerance of bread wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science 9: 1-11.
  • Wang H-J, Huang X-Q, Röder M, Börner A (2002). Genetic mapping of loci determining long glumes in the genus Triticum. Euphytica 123: 287-293.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Hayati Akman 0000-0001-6878-3329

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 27 Nisan 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akman, H. (2021). Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages. Anatolian Journal of Botany, 5(1), 65-77. https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.907233
AMA Akman H. Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages. Ant J Bot. Mayıs 2021;5(1):65-77. doi:10.30616/ajb.907233
Chicago Akman, Hayati. “Root-Based Characterization of Intergeneric Hybrids With Triticum and Aegilops Species in Early Vegetative and Stem Elongation Growth Stages”. Anatolian Journal of Botany 5, sy. 1 (Mayıs 2021): 65-77. https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.907233.
EndNote Akman H (01 Mayıs 2021) Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages. Anatolian Journal of Botany 5 1 65–77.
IEEE H. Akman, “Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages”, Ant J Bot, c. 5, sy. 1, ss. 65–77, 2021, doi: 10.30616/ajb.907233.
ISNAD Akman, Hayati. “Root-Based Characterization of Intergeneric Hybrids With Triticum and Aegilops Species in Early Vegetative and Stem Elongation Growth Stages”. Anatolian Journal of Botany 5/1 (Mayıs 2021), 65-77. https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.907233.
JAMA Akman H. Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages. Ant J Bot. 2021;5:65–77.
MLA Akman, Hayati. “Root-Based Characterization of Intergeneric Hybrids With Triticum and Aegilops Species in Early Vegetative and Stem Elongation Growth Stages”. Anatolian Journal of Botany, c. 5, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 65-77, doi:10.30616/ajb.907233.
Vancouver Akman H. Root-based characterization of intergeneric hybrids with Triticum and Aegilops species in early vegetative and stem elongation growth stages. Ant J Bot. 2021;5(1):65-77.

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