Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvaları ve Centaurea depressa M. Bieb'in (Asteraceae) yara iyileştirici etkilerinin histolojik olarak araştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 150 - 156

Nevra Polat , Salih Mollahaliloğlu , Murat Koç , Hatice Baş

Öz

Türkiye'nin Kronik yaralar, standart iyileşme sürecinin (genellikle 4-12 hafta) aksamasıyla karakterize, yaşam kalitesini düşüren ve sağlık sistemine önemli yük getiren bir klinik sorundur. Diyabet gibi metabolik hastalıklar kronik yaralara neden olabilir. Kronik yaraların tedavisinde modern tıbbi tedavilerin yanı sıra tamamlayıcı tedavi yaklaşımları da kullanılabilmektedir. Maggot Debridman Tedavisi (MDT), kronik yaralar için dünya çapında kullanılan etkili bir yöntemdir. MDT tedavisinde en yaygın kullanılan tür Lucilia sericata'dır. Larva salgı ürünleri antifungal, anti-enflamatuar ve antibakteriyel etkilere sahiptir. Bitkisel tedaviler de kronik yara bakımında kullanılmaktadır. Centaurea cinsinin birçok türü uzun zamandır geleneksel tıpta çeşitli amaçlar için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, tedavi gruplarına L. sericata larvaları ve fitoterapötik ajan C. depressa bitki ekstresi uygulanmış ve yara iyileşmesi üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla 4 grup oluşturulmuş ve diyabetli hayvanlara maggot ve bitki ekstraktı uygulanmıştır. Uygulamaların etkisini görmek için histolojik çalışmalar, yara ölçümleri, yara alanı ve kontraksiyon değerleri ölçülmüştür. Yara ölçümleri (alan ve kontraksiyon bulguları) ve histolojik bulgulara göre, bitki ekstraktı ve maggot tedavisinin yara iyileşme süreci üzerinde olumlu etkileri olmuştur. Maggot uygulaması bitki özü uygulaması ile karşılaştırıldığında maggot uygulamasının daha olumlu etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Ancak birlikte kullanıldıklarında etkilerinin daha da arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışılan türlerin kronik yara modelindeki yara iyileştirme aktivitesinin daha önce karşılaştırmalı ve kombine olarak değerlendirilmemiş olması temel çıkış noktasıdır. Bu çalışma sonucunda C. depressa ve L. sericata'nın yara iyileşmesi üzerinde olumlu etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen verilerin integratif tıp uygulamalarına katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maggot , Lucilia sericata , Centaurea depressa , Diabetes mellitus , yara iyileşmesi

Etik Beyan

This experimental research has been done following the guideline of the local ethic committee. All the procedures which applied to animals were carried out in accordance with ethical rules regarding the care and use of animals. (Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee Protocol Number: 03-05-9).

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University BAP unit with the project number TCD-2022-2375.

Proje Numarası

TCD-2022-2375

Teşekkür

We would like to thank the members of Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University BAP unit for their contributions.

Histological investigation of the wound healing effects of Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae and Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

Öz

Chronic wounds are a clinical problem characterised by disruption of the standard healing process (usually 4-12 weeks), reducing quality of life and placing a significant burden on the healthcare system. Metabolic diseases such as diabetes can cause chronic wounds. In the treatment of chronic wounds, complementary treatment approaches can be used alongside modern medical treatments. Maggot Debridement Therapy (MDT) is an effective method used worldwide for chronic wounds. The most commonly used species in MDT treatment is Lucilia sericata. Larval secretion products have antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. Herbal treatments are also used in chronic wound care. Many species of the genus Centaurea have long been used in traditional medicine for various purposes. In this study, L. sericata larvae and the phytotherapeutic agent C. depressa plant extract were applied to treatment groups and their effects on wound healing were evaluated. For this purpose, 4 groups were created and maggot and plant extract were applied to the animals with diabetes. Histological studies, wound measurements, wound area and contraction values were measured to see the effect of the applications.According to wound measurements (area and contraction findings) and histological findings, plant extract and maggot treatment had positive effects on wound healing process. When maggot application was compared with plant extract application, it was seen that maggot application had more positive effects. However, it has been observed that their effects increase even more when used in combination.The main starting point is that the wound healing activity of the studied species in the chronic wound model has not been evaluated comparatively and combined before. As a result of this study, it was observed that C. depressa and L. sericata had positive effects on wound healing. It is thought that the data obtained may contribute to integrative medicine practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maggot , Lucilia sericata , Centaurea depressa , Diabetes mellitus , wound healing

Proje Numarası

TCD-2022-2375

Kaynakça

• Adetutu A, Morgan WA, Corcoran O (2011). Ethnopharmacological survey and in vitro evaluation of wound-healing plants used in South-western Nigeria. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 137(1): 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.073.
• Agarwal JP, Ogilvie, M, Wu LC, Lohman RF, Gottlieb LJ, Franczyk M, Song DH (2005). Vacuum-assisted closure for sternal wounds: A first-line therapeutic management approach. Plastic and reconstructive surgery 116(4): 1035-1040. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000178401.52143.32.
• Alerico GC, Beckenkamp A, Vignoli-Silva M, Buffon A, von Poser GL (2015). Proliferative effect of plants used for wound healing in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Journal of ethnopharmacology 176: 305-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.001.
• Alfarrayeh I, Tarawneh K, Almajali D, Al-Awaida W (2022). Evaluation of the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the methanolic extracts of four medicinal plants selected from Wadi Al-Karak/Jordan related to their phenolic contents, Research Journal of Pharmacology and Technology 15(5): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00350.
• Alsarayreh AZ, Oran SA, Shakhanbeh JM, Khleifat KM, Al Qaisi YT, Alfarrayeh II, Alkaramseh AM (2022). Efficacy of methanolic extracts of some medicinal plants on wound healing in diabetic rats. Heliyon 8(8): e10071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10071.
• Aydın S, Çağlıkülekçi M, Çolak T, Dirlik M, Öcal K, Akça T (2002). Washington Cerrahi El Kitabı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
• Barnes KM, Gennard DE (2013). Rearing bacteria and maggots concurrently: a protocol using Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as a model species. Applied Entomology and Zoology 48: 247-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-013-0181-7.
• Bexfield A, Bond AE, Morga, C, Wagstaff J, Newton RP, Ratcliffe NA, Dudley E, Nigam Y (2010). Amino acid derivatives from Lucilia sericata excretions/secretions may contribute to the beneficial effects of maggot therapy via increased angiogenesis. The British Journal of Dermatology 162(3): 554-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09530.x.
• Borkataki S, Katoch R, Goswami P, Bha, A, Bhardwaj HR, Chakraborty D, Chandrawathani P (2018). Therapeutic use of Lucilia sericata maggot in controlling bacterial bio-burden in rat wound model. Tropical Biomedicine 35 (3): 627-638.
• Davis PH (1972). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 3. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KHC, Hedge IC (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands: Volume 11, Supplement 2. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
• Gupta A (2008). A review of the use of maggots in wound therapy. Annals of Plastic Surgery 60(2): 224-227. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e318053eb5e.
• Jaul E, Barron J, Rosenzweig JP, Menczel J (2018). An overview of co-morbidities and the development of pressure ulcers among older adults. BMC Geriatrics 18: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0997-7.
• Kahraman H, Ceyhan Ö, Taşcı S (2021). Cerrahi yara iyileşmesinde bitkisel ürünlerin kullanımı. Yaşam Boyu Hemşirelik Dergisi 2(2): 74-86.
• Kaihanfar M, Momeni-Moghaddam M, Moghaddam MJM, Hajar T, Pak VD, Bidi JO (2018). Investigation of antimicrobial effects of treated Lucilia sericata larvae extract on bacteria. Iranian Journal of Microbiology 10(6): 409. PMID: 30873269; PMCID: PMC6414746.
• Kapan M, Aslanmirza M, Karip A, Bozkurt Y, Evsen M, Sak E, Öngoren A (2008). Lokal fenitoin ve üre uygulamasının yara iyileşmesi üzerine olan etkilerinin karşılaştırılması. Yeni Tıp Dergisi 25(4): 209-212.
• Koca U, Süntar IP, Keles H, Yesilada E, Akkol EK (2009). In vivo anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities of Centaurea iberica Trev. ex Spreng. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 126(3):551-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.08.017.
• Levin ME (2002). Management of the diabetic foot: preventing amputation. Southern Medical Journal 95(1): 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-200295010-00004.
• Lipsky BA, Hoey C (2009). Topical antimicrobial therapy for treating chronic wounds. Clinical Infectious Diseases 49(10): 1541-1549. https://doi.org/10.1086/644732.
• Naik G, Harding KG (2017). Maggot debridement therapy: The current perspectives. Chronic Wound Care Management and Research 4: 121-128. https://doi.org/10.2147/CWCMR.S117271.
• Özler M, Şimşek K, Topal T, Öter Ş, Korkmaz A (2010). Wound healing in pinealectomized rats. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi 52(3): 181. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/wound-healing-pinealectomized-rats/docview/2440171749/se-2?accountid=142289.
• Panwar AS, Panwar V, Darwhekar GN (2013). Wound Healing Activity of Prepared Polyherbal Formulation. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 1(2):16-21.
• Schmatz R, Mazzanti CM, Spanevello R, Stefanello N, Gutierres J, Corrêa M, Morsch VM.(2009). Resveratrol prevents memory deficits and the increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. European Journal of Pharmacology 610(1-3): 42-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.03.032.
• Sen PK, Garg S (2019). Influence of Cinnamomum camphora ethanolic extract on biophysical and biochemical parameters of cutaneous wounds in rats. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9(4-s): 1169-1172. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3833.
• Sherman RA (2014). Mechanisms of maggot-induced wound healing: what do we know, and where do we go from here? Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine: eCAM 2014: 592419. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/592419
• Suvik A, Effendy AW (2012). The use of modified Masson’s trichrome staining in collagen evaluation in wound healing study. Malaysian Journal of Veterinary Research 3(1): 39-47.
• Whitaker IS, Twine C, Whitaker MJ, Welck M, Brown CS, Shandall A (2007). Larval therapy from antiquity to the present day: mechanisms of action, clinical applications and future potential. Postgraduate Medical Journal 83(980): 409-413. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.2006.055905.
• World Health Organization (WHO) (2010). http://www.who.int/diabetes/facts/world figures/en [accessed 20 May 2025].