Through this research, various types of e-learning have been discussed and analyses to determine their effectiveness. In Additions, the effective of images, sound, and video on learners, particularly for preschool children under the age of six, has been explored. As children at this age are not yet able to read or write, visual and auditory aids have been relied upon to convey information, aiding in the development of their physical, motor, sensory, and interactive intelligence. This approach also reduces the need for lengthy lectures, as e-learning features can be utilized to minimize the use of paper and pens, thereby promoting environmental conservation. Furthermore, the focus is on developing a child's intelligence in all its forms, achieved through the presentation of specific intelligence questions tailored to the age group in question.
I hope to preserve this research and the working paper as it is the result of years of continuous effort .
Teşekkür
I am a master's student at Altinbas University, so I am trying to publish a report for discussion in this course, and thanks and appreciation to you for your time, I hope you benefit from my work. And I hope to accept its publication.
Kaynakça
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[1] R. Altalawati, “Learn new news and ideas of learning techniques,” 16 3 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.new- educ.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-
%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84. [Accessed 2023].
[2] V. Kirk, "UNDERSTANDING MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES AND LEARNING STYLES,"
Connections Academy is a part of Pearson, 3 November 2021. [Online]. Available:
https://www.connectionsacademy.com/support/resources/article/learning-styles-multiple-intelligences/. [Accessed 2023].
[3] F. Muslim, A. Ramalia's , R. P. Wirayuda's and D. Chen, "Learning Intensity and Visual Learning Style on Learning Outcomes," Educational Research and Evaluation, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 385-396, 2022.
[4] "Sustainable Learning Environment by Mobile-Assisted Language Learning Methods on the Improvement of Productive and Receptive Foreign Language Skills: A Comparative Study for Asian Universities," Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 6328, p. 15, 2 June 2021.
[5] Y. Y. Al-Fifi, "Employing the interactive electronic book in computer teaching and learning," Aloka website, 22 June 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.alukah.net/social/0/117586. [Accessed 2023].
[7] S. Krishnan and M. H. Johnson, "A review of behavioural and brain development in the early years: the “toolkit” for later book-related skills," University of Reading, 2014.
[8] H. Rana, R. S. Ignou and M. L. S. IGNOU, "E-learning: Issues and Challenges," International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 97, no. .5, pp. 20-24, July 2014.
[9] N. Calder, M. Jafri and L. Guo, "Mathematics Education Students’ Experiences during Lockdown: Managing Collaboration in eLearning," Education Sciences, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 191, 2021.
[10] S. Dhawan, "Online Learning: A Panacea in the Time of COVID-19 Crisis," Journal of Educational Technology Systems, vol. 49, no. 1, p. 5–22, Sep 2020.
[11] N. "Sample intelligence test for 4-year-olds," Al Mrsal, 4 June 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.almrsal.com.
[12] A. B. Arij , M. Abid and A. Meddeb, "Secure fog-based e-learning scheme," IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 31920- 31933, 11 February 2020.
[13] C.-C. Chen, P.-S. Chiu and Y.-M. Huang, International Journal of Online Pedagogy and Course Design (IJOPCD), vol. 5, no. 2, 1-10 April-June 2015.
[14] H. K. MAJEED , "ADAPTIVE E-LEARNING OBJECTS MODEL," Proceedings of ISER International, pp. 11-15, 24
March 2019.
[15] A. K. Seshaiah and E. A, LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LMS), 2023.
[16] V. Vagale, L. Niedrite and S. Ignatjeva, "The Architecture of the Personalized Adaptive," pp. 114-123, 2018.
[17] P. Chatwattana, "Concepts of an interactive adaptive learning system architecture design in an active learning environment through a cloud learning ecosystem," Global Journal of Engineering Education, vol. 20, pp. 183-185, 2018.
[18] N. Kumar, C. Alhat and R. Bachhav, "Implementation of E-learning system on full stack concept," Journal of Web Development and Web Designing, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 5-6, 2018.
[19] I. Sarhan and A. Al-Hamami, "Proposing knowledge management to build a real environment for e-learning," Al- Manara for Research and Studies, vol. 21, no. 2, p. 30, 2015.
[20] R. Kamel, "The most important foods that increase the intelligence of the child," HIA MAGAZINE, 29 February 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.hiamag.com.
[21] M. De Aguilera and A. Mendiz, "Video games and education: (Education in the Face of a “Parallel School”)," Computers in Entertainment (CIE),ResearchGate, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-10, 1 October 2003.
[22] S. Mustafa, B. V. Sari, M. Hastuty and B. Aminah, "RESEARCH ARTICLE The Effectiveness of Role-Playing Model for Arithmetic Operation Learning," Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 151-159, 9 August 2022.
[23] S. Bylkova and E. Chubova, "Role-playing models in the vocational education of future agribusiness experts," E3S Web of Conferences, vol. 175, no. 5016, pp. 1-9, 29 June 2020.
[24] C. Yi Lee and M.-J. Chen, "The impacts of virtual manipulatives and prior knowledge on geometry learning performance in junior high school," Journal of Educational Computing Research, vol. 50, no. 20, pp. 179-201, 1 January 2014.
[25] J. Chi Yang and B. Quadir, "Effects of Prior Knowledge on Learning Performance and Anxiety in an English Learning Online Role-Playing Game," Educational Technology & Society, vol. 21, no. 3, p. 174–185, 2018.
[26] S. Jena, "Types of Software Architecture Patterns," geeks for geeks, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/types-of-software-architecture-patterns/. [Accessed 2023].
[27] M. Richard , Software Architecture Patterns,2nd edition, 2nd ed., O' Reilly Media, 2022.
[28] H. Dhaduk, "10 Software Architecture Patterns You Must Know About," Simform, 4 July 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.simform.com/blog/software-architecture-patterns/. [Accessed 27 February 2023].
[29] "A Guide for Developing, Implementing, Using and Improving Appropriate, Effective and Efficient Systems Engineering," in Systems Engineering Guidebook, Hall Associates Toney Alabama, 2018, p. 89.
[30] J. M. Nahman, Dependability of Engineering Systems Modeling and Evaluation, New York : Springer, 2002.
[31] N. B. Bahadure and S. Chandrakar, Python for Everyone: Learn and polish your coding skills in Python (English Edition) Kindle Edition, BPB Publications, March 30, 2023.
[32] W. Stern, “The Intelligence Quotient.,” in The Psychological Methods of Testing Intelligence, PsycInfo Database Record, 2022 , p. 338–341.
[33] A. Muhammad, “Almrsal.com,” Almrsal, 4 June 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.almrsal.com/post/508620.
[34] B. León-del-Barco, S. M. Lázaro, M.-I. Polo-del-Río and . V.-M. López-Ramos, “Emotional Intelligence as a Protective Factor against Victimization in School Bullying,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 17, no. 24, p. 9406, 15 December 2020.
[35] . A. N. Faruk, A. A. Oloyede, N. T. Surajudeen-Bakinde, L. A. Olawoyin, O. V. Mejabi, Y. O. Imam-Fulani, A. O. Fahm and A. L. Azeez, “Multimedia tools in the teaching and learning processes: A systematic review,” Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1- 14, 10 February 2020.
[36] T. N. Ho¨fler and . D. Leutner, “Instructional animation versus static pictures: A meta-analysis,” Learning and Instruction, vol. 17, pp. 722-738, 2007.
Omar, B. (2025). effective audio and video-based learning for the youngest age. AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 9(1), 63-71. https://doi.org/10.53600/ajesa.1392913