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COMPARISON OF SKYSCRAPER BUILDING DESIGN: ISOLATED FOUNDATIONS VS. NON-ISOLATED FOUNDATIONS

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 85 - 98, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53600/ajesa.1321190

Öz

As the population grows, the need for safe and comfortable places to live and work increases. Tall buildings are becoming a popular option as they enable efficient use of urban space and provide solutions to the challenges of urbanization. However, the safety of these buildings against natural hazards such as earthquakes is crucial. Engineers are putting a lot of effort into the construction and design of tall buildings, some of which have been successfully completed, while others have been halted due to design difficulties. High-rise buildings have challenged engineers' endurance due to their height and number of floors. Efforts have been made to increase the resistance of tall buildings to natural factors and the weight of the building. One of the most important factors is the building's vibration movement, which must be resistant to wind, loads on the building, and earthquakes. One way to increase the strength of the building is to use isolated foundations. This article investigates whether using an isolated foundation has an effect on the strength of tall buildings. Two 51-floor tall buildings were designed, one with an isolated foundation and one without. The differences between the buildings were evaluated in terms of earthquakes, the greatest risk for buildings. Using the ETABS program and following international standards, these two buildings were designed to withstand the forces of wind, earthquakes, and loads on the building. The loads and forces caused by earthquakes, the resistances and possible damages of both types of buildings were also evaluated

Kaynakça

  • Naimi, S. & Peker, Ö. (2022). Deprem Etkileri Altındaki Farklı Tiplerde Çelik Yapıların StaSTEEL ve SAP2000 Kullanılarak Karşılaştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12 (3), 1577-1591. DOI: 10.21597/jist.1121614
  • Olbak, M. & Naimi, S. (2016). Kentsel Dönüşüm Uygulanmış 5 Katlı İki Yapı Örneğini Deneysel Verileri Kullanılarak Doğrusal Olmayan Analiz Yöntemleri İle Güçlendirme Sonuçlarının İrdelenmesi. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi, 8(31), 145-166. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iaud/issue/40585/487826
  • Celikag, M. & Naimi, S. 2010, ‘Problems of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Construction In North Cyprus’, 12Th Appraisal Repairs And Maintenance Of Structures, Yantai, Peoples R China, 04/2010.
  • Naimi, S. & Tufan, T. (2021). Olası İstanbul Depremi ile Yapılan Kentsel Dönüşüm Çalışmaları ve Alınan Önlemlerin İrdelenmesi . AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 5 (1), 89-108. DOI: 10.53600/ajesa.564197
  • Naimi, S. & Kaya, S. (2020). Betonarme Yapıların Çelik Çapraz Elemanlar ile Güçlendirilmesi. AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 3 (2) 191-204 . https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ajesa/issue/52409/623392
  • Specification for Structural Steel Buildings July 7, 2016 Supersedes the Specification for Structural Steel Buildings dated June 22, 2010 and all previous versions Approved by the Committee on Specifications Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318M-08) and Commentary An ACI Standard Reported by ACI Committee 318 Deemed to satisfy ISO 19338:2007(E) First Printing June 2008
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-14) Reported by ACI Committee 318 First Printing September 2014 ISBN: 978-0-87031-930-3
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-19) Reported by ACI Committee 318 First printing: June 2019 ISBN: 978-1-64195-056-5 DOI:10.14359/51716937
  • BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 318-05) ANDCOMMENTARY (ACI 318R-05) REPORTED BY ACI COMMITTEE 318 ACI Committee 318
  • Structural Building Code Reference Number ISO 19338.2003(E). Also Technical Corrigendum 1: 2004
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary First Printing August 2011
  • BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 318-02) ANDCOMMENTARY (ACI 318R-02) ACI Committee 318 Structural Building Code ASCE STANDARD ASCE/SEI 7-16 Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures Copyright © 2017 by the American Societyof Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1424-8 (soft cover) ISBN 978-0-7844-7996-4 (PDF)
  • A S C E S TANDA R D ASCE/SEI 7-10 American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-07844-1085-1
  • A 615/A 615M – 04a American Association State Highway and Transportation Officials Standard AASHTO No.: M 31 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
  • Volume I: Part 1 Provisions, Part 2 CommentaryFEMA P-2082-1/ September 2020 Earthquake-Resistant Design Concepts An Introduction to the NEHRPRecommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures FEMA P-749 / December 2010
  • A Practical Guide toSoil-Structure Interaction FEMA P-2091 / December 2020
  • 2018 International Building Code First Printing: August 2017 ISBN: 978-1-60983-735-8 (soft-cover edition) ISBN: 978-1-60983-734-1 (loose-leaf edition) COPYRIGHT 2017 by INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. Date of First Publication:August 31, 2017
  • AppendixDead and Live Loads International Building Code 2003 (IBC) 1607.1:According to IBC 2003, table 1607.1
  • International Building Code® First Printing: February 2009 ISBN: 978-1-58001-725-1 (soft-cover edition) ISBN: 978-1-58001-724-4 (loose-leaf edition) COPYRIGHT © 2009 byINTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING CODE CHAPTER 51-50 WACINTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE 2012 Edition Includes adoption of and amendments to the 2012 International Existing Building Code and ICC/ANSI A117.1-2009 Washington
  • Manufacturing Engineer’s Reference Book Edited by with specialist contributors Dal Koshal Butteworth-Heinemann Ltd Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP @A member of the Reed Elsevier group OXFORD LONDON BOSTON MUNICH NEW DELHl SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO WELLINGTON First published 19930 Butterworth-Heinemann 1993
  • Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures and Commentary (ACI 350.3-06) An ACI Standard Reported by ACI Committee 350 Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=Bechtel CorpLoc 1-19/9999056100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 06:31:52 MDT
  • Uniform Building Code Sixth Printing Publication Date: April 1997 ISSN 0896-9655 ISBN 1-884590-87-X (soft cover edition) ISBN 1-884590-88-8 (loose leaf edition)ISBN 1-884590-93-4 (3-vol. set—soft cover) ISBN 1-884590-94-2 (3-vol. Set loose leaf) ISBN 1-58001-031-8 (Special Edition) COPYRIGHT 1994, 1995,1996, 1997, 2000 by International Conference of Building Officials 5360WORKMAN MILL ROAD WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA 90601-2298 (800) 284-4406 S (562) 699-0541
  • UNIFORM BUILDING CODE 2–1 Volume 2 Chapters 1 through 15 are printed in Volume 1 of the Uniform Building Code. Chapter 16 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS NOTE: This chapter has been revised in its entirety. Division I—GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
  • Bungale S. Taranath, Ph.D, 2010., Reinforced Concrete Design of Tall Buildings P.E.,S.E. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRCPress is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4398-0480-3 (Hardback)
  • Karolya.ZalKa 2013 Structural Analysis of Regular Multi-Storey Buildings CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca
  • Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20120625 International Standard Book Number- 13: 978-0-203-84094-8 (eBook - PDF)
  • Dave Parker and Antony Wood 2013 The Tall Buildings Reference Book First publishedRoutledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013 selection and editorial material, Dave Parker and Antony Wood; individual chapters, the contributors
  • Harry G. Poulos CRC 2017.Tall Building Foundation Design Press Taylor & FrancisGroup 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-9607-1 (Hardback) 978-1-1387-4803-3 (Paperback)
  • JAMES K. WIGHT F. E. Richart,2012 Jr.REINFORCED CONCRETE Mechanics and Design SIXTH EDITION Collegiate Professor Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Michigan JAMES G. MACGREGOR Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
  • John Wiley & Sons 2011, FOUNDATION DESIGN THEORY AND PRACTICE N.S. V. Kameswara Rao Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia Foundation Design:Theory and Practice N. S. V. Kameswara Rao © 2011 (Asia) Pte Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-82534-1
  • Concrete Structures (ACI 318-05) in Mathcad Sixth Edition Phnom Penh 2010 Address: #M41, St.308, Sangkat Tonle Basac, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh,Cambodia. STRUCTURES DETAILINGMANUAL STRUCTURES MANUAL VOLUME 2 JANUARY 2018 Structures Detailing Manual Topic No. 625-020-018 January 2018
  • A 955/A 955M – 01 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Stainless Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement Current edition approved April 10, 2001.Published May 2001. Originally published as A 955M - 96. Last previous edition A 955M - 96. Eser Çabuk, Uğurhan Akyüz Ahmet Yakut Nobuo Murota Shigenobu Suzuki Takahiro Mori Fatih Sütçü 2020 Bridgestone Corporation Istanbul Technical University,REPORT NO: METU/EERC 2020-02 JUNE 2020 Farzad Naeim Editor and James M. Kelly 1999 Design of seismic isolated structures Book by Farzad Naeim Originally published: March 25, 1999 Author: Farzad Naeim Editor: James M. Kelly
  • Sharad Manohar and Suhasini Madhekar 2015 Seismic Design of RC Buildings Theory and Practice ISSN 2363-7633 ISSN 2363-7641 (electronic) Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering ISBN 978-81-322-2318-4 ISBN 978-81-322-2319-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-2319-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015945961 Springer New Delhi Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer India 2015 G. R. Reddy · Hari Prasad Muruva · Ajit Kumar Verma 2019 Textbook of Seismic Design Structures, Piping Systems, and Components Editors ISBN 978-981-13-3175-6 ISBN 978-981-13-3176-3 (eBook) Library of Congress Control Number:2018960746 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
  • ACI 421.3R-15 Guide to Design of Reinforced Two-Way Slab Systems Reported by Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 421 Authors and editorial team. Consulting Members Eugene Paul Holland J. Leroy Hulsey Sidney H. Simmonds
  • W.F. Chen and J.Y. Richard Liew. p. cm.2002 The civil engineering handbook / e— (New directions in civil engineering) Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8493-0958-1 (alk. paper) 1. Civil engineering--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Chen, Wai-Fah, 1936- II. Liew, J.Y. Richard. III. Series. TA151 .C57 2002
  • Frederick S. Merritt 1994 Structural steel designer’s handbook / Roger L. Brockenbrough, —3rd ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-07-008782-2 1. Building, Iron and steel. 2. Steel, Structural. I. Brockenbrough, R. L. II. Merritt, Frederick S.TA684.S79 1994
  • SEISMIC ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS pjm.math.berkeley.edu/siaps EDITOR-IN-CHIEF GAINMARIO BENZONI University of California, San Diego, USA
  • Anil K. Chopra 2012 DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURES Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering University of California at Berkeley
  • Roger L 1999. STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGNER’S HANDBOOK ,. Brockenbrough EditorR. L. Brockenbrough & Associates, Inc.Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, FrederickS. Merritt Editor Late Consulting Engineer, West Palm Beach, FloridaCopyright 1999, 1994, 1972 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
  • R. Lagos, R. Boroschek, R. Retamales , M. Lafontaine , K. Friskel and A. Kasalanati 2017 SEISMIC ISOLATION OF THE NUNOA CAPITAL BUILDING, THE TALLEST BASE ISOLATED BUILDING IN THE AMERICAS 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017 Santiago Chile, January 9th to 13th 2017 Paper N° 2070 Registration Code: S-S1464360046
  • Available online: https://tdth.afad.gov.tr
  • https://structurae.net/en/products-services/lasto-hdrb-high-damping-rubber-bearings
Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 85 - 98, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53600/ajesa.1321190

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Naimi, S. & Peker, Ö. (2022). Deprem Etkileri Altındaki Farklı Tiplerde Çelik Yapıların StaSTEEL ve SAP2000 Kullanılarak Karşılaştırılması. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12 (3), 1577-1591. DOI: 10.21597/jist.1121614
  • Olbak, M. & Naimi, S. (2016). Kentsel Dönüşüm Uygulanmış 5 Katlı İki Yapı Örneğini Deneysel Verileri Kullanılarak Doğrusal Olmayan Analiz Yöntemleri İle Güçlendirme Sonuçlarının İrdelenmesi. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi, 8(31), 145-166. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iaud/issue/40585/487826
  • Celikag, M. & Naimi, S. 2010, ‘Problems of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Construction In North Cyprus’, 12Th Appraisal Repairs And Maintenance Of Structures, Yantai, Peoples R China, 04/2010.
  • Naimi, S. & Tufan, T. (2021). Olası İstanbul Depremi ile Yapılan Kentsel Dönüşüm Çalışmaları ve Alınan Önlemlerin İrdelenmesi . AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 5 (1), 89-108. DOI: 10.53600/ajesa.564197
  • Naimi, S. & Kaya, S. (2020). Betonarme Yapıların Çelik Çapraz Elemanlar ile Güçlendirilmesi. AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 3 (2) 191-204 . https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ajesa/issue/52409/623392
  • Specification for Structural Steel Buildings July 7, 2016 Supersedes the Specification for Structural Steel Buildings dated June 22, 2010 and all previous versions Approved by the Committee on Specifications Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318M-08) and Commentary An ACI Standard Reported by ACI Committee 318 Deemed to satisfy ISO 19338:2007(E) First Printing June 2008
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-14) Reported by ACI Committee 318 First Printing September 2014 ISBN: 978-0-87031-930-3
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-19) Reported by ACI Committee 318 First printing: June 2019 ISBN: 978-1-64195-056-5 DOI:10.14359/51716937
  • BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 318-05) ANDCOMMENTARY (ACI 318R-05) REPORTED BY ACI COMMITTEE 318 ACI Committee 318
  • Structural Building Code Reference Number ISO 19338.2003(E). Also Technical Corrigendum 1: 2004
  • Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary First Printing August 2011
  • BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL CONCRETE (ACI 318-02) ANDCOMMENTARY (ACI 318R-02) ACI Committee 318 Structural Building Code ASCE STANDARD ASCE/SEI 7-16 Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures Copyright © 2017 by the American Societyof Civil Engineers.All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-0-7844-1424-8 (soft cover) ISBN 978-0-7844-7996-4 (PDF)
  • A S C E S TANDA R D ASCE/SEI 7-10 American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Civil Engineers. All Rights Reserved. ISBN 978-07844-1085-1
  • A 615/A 615M – 04a American Association State Highway and Transportation Officials Standard AASHTO No.: M 31 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States
  • Volume I: Part 1 Provisions, Part 2 CommentaryFEMA P-2082-1/ September 2020 Earthquake-Resistant Design Concepts An Introduction to the NEHRPRecommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures FEMA P-749 / December 2010
  • A Practical Guide toSoil-Structure Interaction FEMA P-2091 / December 2020
  • 2018 International Building Code First Printing: August 2017 ISBN: 978-1-60983-735-8 (soft-cover edition) ISBN: 978-1-60983-734-1 (loose-leaf edition) COPYRIGHT 2017 by INTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. Date of First Publication:August 31, 2017
  • AppendixDead and Live Loads International Building Code 2003 (IBC) 1607.1:According to IBC 2003, table 1607.1
  • International Building Code® First Printing: February 2009 ISBN: 978-1-58001-725-1 (soft-cover edition) ISBN: 978-1-58001-724-4 (loose-leaf edition) COPYRIGHT © 2009 byINTERNATIONAL CODE COUNCIL, INC. WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING CODE CHAPTER 51-50 WACINTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE 2012 Edition Includes adoption of and amendments to the 2012 International Existing Building Code and ICC/ANSI A117.1-2009 Washington
  • Manufacturing Engineer’s Reference Book Edited by with specialist contributors Dal Koshal Butteworth-Heinemann Ltd Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP @A member of the Reed Elsevier group OXFORD LONDON BOSTON MUNICH NEW DELHl SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO TORONTO WELLINGTON First published 19930 Butterworth-Heinemann 1993
  • Seismic Design of Liquid-Containing Concrete Structures and Commentary (ACI 350.3-06) An ACI Standard Reported by ACI Committee 350 Copyright American Concrete Institute Provided by IHS under license with ACI Licensee=Bechtel CorpLoc 1-19/9999056100 No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 06:31:52 MDT
  • Uniform Building Code Sixth Printing Publication Date: April 1997 ISSN 0896-9655 ISBN 1-884590-87-X (soft cover edition) ISBN 1-884590-88-8 (loose leaf edition)ISBN 1-884590-93-4 (3-vol. set—soft cover) ISBN 1-884590-94-2 (3-vol. Set loose leaf) ISBN 1-58001-031-8 (Special Edition) COPYRIGHT 1994, 1995,1996, 1997, 2000 by International Conference of Building Officials 5360WORKMAN MILL ROAD WHITTIER, CALIFORNIA 90601-2298 (800) 284-4406 S (562) 699-0541
  • UNIFORM BUILDING CODE 2–1 Volume 2 Chapters 1 through 15 are printed in Volume 1 of the Uniform Building Code. Chapter 16 STRUCTURAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS NOTE: This chapter has been revised in its entirety. Division I—GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
  • Bungale S. Taranath, Ph.D, 2010., Reinforced Concrete Design of Tall Buildings P.E.,S.E. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRCPress is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4398-0480-3 (Hardback)
  • Karolya.ZalKa 2013 Structural Analysis of Regular Multi-Storey Buildings CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca
  • Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20120625 International Standard Book Number- 13: 978-0-203-84094-8 (eBook - PDF)
  • Dave Parker and Antony Wood 2013 The Tall Buildings Reference Book First publishedRoutledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2013 selection and editorial material, Dave Parker and Antony Wood; individual chapters, the contributors
  • Harry G. Poulos CRC 2017.Tall Building Foundation Design Press Taylor & FrancisGroup 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-9607-1 (Hardback) 978-1-1387-4803-3 (Paperback)
  • JAMES K. WIGHT F. E. Richart,2012 Jr.REINFORCED CONCRETE Mechanics and Design SIXTH EDITION Collegiate Professor Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Michigan JAMES G. MACGREGOR Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
  • John Wiley & Sons 2011, FOUNDATION DESIGN THEORY AND PRACTICE N.S. V. Kameswara Rao Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia Foundation Design:Theory and Practice N. S. V. Kameswara Rao © 2011 (Asia) Pte Ltd. ISBN: 978-0-470-82534-1
  • Concrete Structures (ACI 318-05) in Mathcad Sixth Edition Phnom Penh 2010 Address: #M41, St.308, Sangkat Tonle Basac, Khan Chamkarmon, Phnom Penh,Cambodia. STRUCTURES DETAILINGMANUAL STRUCTURES MANUAL VOLUME 2 JANUARY 2018 Structures Detailing Manual Topic No. 625-020-018 January 2018
  • A 955/A 955M – 01 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Stainless Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement Current edition approved April 10, 2001.Published May 2001. Originally published as A 955M - 96. Last previous edition A 955M - 96. Eser Çabuk, Uğurhan Akyüz Ahmet Yakut Nobuo Murota Shigenobu Suzuki Takahiro Mori Fatih Sütçü 2020 Bridgestone Corporation Istanbul Technical University,REPORT NO: METU/EERC 2020-02 JUNE 2020 Farzad Naeim Editor and James M. Kelly 1999 Design of seismic isolated structures Book by Farzad Naeim Originally published: March 25, 1999 Author: Farzad Naeim Editor: James M. Kelly
  • Sharad Manohar and Suhasini Madhekar 2015 Seismic Design of RC Buildings Theory and Practice ISSN 2363-7633 ISSN 2363-7641 (electronic) Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering ISBN 978-81-322-2318-4 ISBN 978-81-322-2319-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-2319-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015945961 Springer New Delhi Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer India 2015 G. R. Reddy · Hari Prasad Muruva · Ajit Kumar Verma 2019 Textbook of Seismic Design Structures, Piping Systems, and Components Editors ISBN 978-981-13-3175-6 ISBN 978-981-13-3176-3 (eBook) Library of Congress Control Number:2018960746 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019
  • ACI 421.3R-15 Guide to Design of Reinforced Two-Way Slab Systems Reported by Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 421 Authors and editorial team. Consulting Members Eugene Paul Holland J. Leroy Hulsey Sidney H. Simmonds
  • W.F. Chen and J.Y. Richard Liew. p. cm.2002 The civil engineering handbook / e— (New directions in civil engineering) Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8493-0958-1 (alk. paper) 1. Civil engineering--Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Chen, Wai-Fah, 1936- II. Liew, J.Y. Richard. III. Series. TA151 .C57 2002
  • Frederick S. Merritt 1994 Structural steel designer’s handbook / Roger L. Brockenbrough, —3rd ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-07-008782-2 1. Building, Iron and steel. 2. Steel, Structural. I. Brockenbrough, R. L. II. Merritt, Frederick S.TA684.S79 1994
  • SEISMIC ISOLATION AND PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS pjm.math.berkeley.edu/siaps EDITOR-IN-CHIEF GAINMARIO BENZONI University of California, San Diego, USA
  • Anil K. Chopra 2012 DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURES Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering University of California at Berkeley
  • Roger L 1999. STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGNER’S HANDBOOK ,. Brockenbrough EditorR. L. Brockenbrough & Associates, Inc.Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, FrederickS. Merritt Editor Late Consulting Engineer, West Palm Beach, FloridaCopyright 1999, 1994, 1972 by McGraw-Hill, Inc.
  • R. Lagos, R. Boroschek, R. Retamales , M. Lafontaine , K. Friskel and A. Kasalanati 2017 SEISMIC ISOLATION OF THE NUNOA CAPITAL BUILDING, THE TALLEST BASE ISOLATED BUILDING IN THE AMERICAS 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017 Santiago Chile, January 9th to 13th 2017 Paper N° 2070 Registration Code: S-S1464360046
  • Available online: https://tdth.afad.gov.tr
  • https://structurae.net/en/products-services/lasto-hdrb-high-damping-rubber-bearings
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İnşaat Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mahdi Rahımı Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-2346-2112

Sepanta Naimi Bu kişi benim 0000-0001-8641-7090

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi 1 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Rahımı, M., & Naimi, S. (2023). COMPARISON OF SKYSCRAPER BUILDING DESIGN: ISOLATED FOUNDATIONS VS. NON-ISOLATED FOUNDATIONS. AURUM Journal of Engineering Systems and Architecture, 7(1), 85-98. https://doi.org/10.53600/ajesa.1321190

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