Species distribution models and sustainable forest management

Öz

Background and Aims The aim of this study is to comprehensively address species distribution modelling methods in forest ecosystems and to reveal the role of these methods in sustainable forest management. Methods A literature review was conducted on six modeling methods, including Logistic Regression, Generalized Additive Models (GAM), Classification and Regression Trees (CART), Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Genetic Algorithms for Rule-Set Prediction (GARP), and Random Forest. Results It has been observed that species distribution models are used as an effective tool in creating potential distribution or habitat suitability maps for wild animals, reptiles, insects, birds and plant species. Furthermore these models play a important role in assessing the impacts of climate change and habitat loss, as well as in developing strategies for species conservation and management. It has been determined that topographic data, climate variables and remote sensing data come to the fore among the descriptive (independent) data sources used in the modeling processes. Conclusion Studies reveal that these methods have been successfully applied to understand the ecological requirements of species and to create habitat suitability maps. In this study, the role of species distribution modelling methods in the conservation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems is emphasised and the importance of these models for future research is explained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Forest ecosystems
• climate change
• ecological modeling
• habitat suitability

Tür dağılım modelleri ve sürdürebilir orman yönetimi

Öz

Giriş ve Hedefler Bu çalışma, orman ekosistemlerinde tür dağılım modelleme yöntemlerini kapsamlı biçimde ele alarak bu yöntemlerin sürdürülebilir orman yönetimindeki rolünü ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Yöntemler Çalışmada, Lojistik Regresyon, Genelleştirilmiş Eklemeli Modeller (GAM), Sınıflandırma ve Regresyon Ağaçları (CART), Maksimum Entropi (MaxEnt), Genetik Algoritmalar ile Kural Seti Tahmini (GARP) ve Rastgele Orman olmak üzere altı modelleme yöntemleri ilgili literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Bulgular Tür dağılım modelleri, yaban hayvanları, sürüngenler, böcekler, kuşlar ve bitki türleri için potansiyel dağılım veya habitat uygunluk haritalarının oluşturulmasında etkin bir araç olarak kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bu modeller, iklim değişikliğinin etkilerini değerlendirmek, türlerin korunması ve yönetimine yönelik stratejiler geliştirmek açısından önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Modelleme süreçlerinde kullanılan tanımlayıcı (bağımsız) veri kaynakları arasında topografik veriler, iklim değişkenleri ve uzaktan algılama verileri ön plana çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar Çalışmalar, türlerin ekolojik gereksinimlerini anlamada ve habitat uygunluk haritalarının oluşturulmasında bu yöntemlerin başarıyla uygulandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmada tür dağılım modelleme yöntemlerinin orman ekosistemlerinin korunması ve sürdürülebilir yönetimindeki rolü vurgulanmış ve bu modellerin gelecekteki araştırmalar için taşıdığı önem hakkında açıklamalar yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orman ekosistemleri
• iklim değişikliği
• ekolojik modelleme
• habitat uygunluğu

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