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Kastamonu ili Ballıdağ ve Kurtgirmez mevkiilerindeki bazı memeli türlerin bolluk ve çeşitliliği

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 345 - 351, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1790582

Öz

Giriş ve Amaçlar Bu çalışma, Kastamonu Ballıdağ ve Kurtgirmez mevkiilerinde tespit edilen memeli türlerin çeşitliliğini ve bolluğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntemler Araştırmada her bir çalışma alanı için 90 adet olmak üzere toplam 180 adet fotokapan 1000×1000 m karelaj şebekesine bölünen çalışma alanlarına sistematik bir şekilde kurulmuştur. Çalışma Eylül 2019-Ekim 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Fotokapanlardan 60 günde bir verilerek alınarak türlere ait kayıt değerleri göreceli bolluk indeksi hesabı için kullanılmış, türlere ait birey sayıları fotokapan görüntülerinden sayılarak Shannon çeşitlilik indeksi değerleri her iki çalışma alanı için hesaplanmıştır. Türlerin ayrıca baskınlık değeri, Sørensen benzerlik indeksi ile Simpson çeşitlilik indeksi hesaplanmıştır.
Bulgular Her iki çalışma sahasında türlerin göreceli bolluk değerleri hesaplanmış Ballıdağ mevkiinde en fazla göreceli bolluk değerine sahip ilk üç tür Capreolus capreolus, Lepus europaeus ve Vulpes vulpes olurken en az göreceli bolluk değerine sahip tür Meles meles olmuştur. Kurtgirmez mevkiinde en fazla göreceli bolluk değerine sahip ilk üç tür C. capreolus, Canis lupus ve V. vulpes olurken en az göreceli bolluk değerine sahip tür Cervus elaphus olmuştur. Ballıdağ ve Kurtgirmez mevkiilerinde yapılan Shannon çeşitlilik indeksi değeri Ballıdağ mevkii için H'=2,007; Kurtgirmez mevkii için H'=1,817 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Baskınlık değeri verilerine göre Ballıdağ bölgesinde en baskın türler C. capreolus, Sus scrofa ve L. europaeus iken, Kurtgirmez bölgesinde baskınlık en yüksek olan türler S. scrofa, C. capreolus ve C. lupus’tur.”. Her iki çalışma alanı için Sørensen benzerlik indeksi 0,92 bulunmuştur. Simpson çeşitlilik analizi değerleri Ballıdağ mevkii için 0,836 Kurtgirmez mevkii için 0,776 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Sonuçlar Bu çalışma, Kastamonu’nun Ballıdağ ve Kurtgirmez bölgelerinde bulunan memeli türlerin çeşitliliği ve bolluğu hakkında bilimsel veri sağlayarak ekolojik açıdan önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler, bölgedeki habitatların ekolojik kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi, memeli türlerinin izlenmesi ve koruma önceliklerinin belirlenmesi açısından değer taşımaktadır. Özellikle düşük bolluk değerine sahip türlerin tespiti, bu türlerin korunmasına yönelik özel stratejilerin geliştirilmesi için yol gösterici olacaktır. Ayrıca çeşitlilik ve benzerlik indeksleri, gelecekte yapılacak uzun dönemli ekolojik izleme çalışmalarına karşılaştırmalı bir referans noktası sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

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  • Acarer, A., Mert, A. (2024). 21st century climate change threatens on the Brown bear. Cerne, 30, e-103305.
  • Ahumada, J. A., Silva, C. E., Gajapersad, K., Hallam, C., Hurtado, Martin, E., McWilliam, A., Mugerwa, B., O'Brien, T., Rovero, F., Sheil, D., Spironello, W. R., Winarni, N., Andelman, S. J., 2011. Community structure and diversity of tropical forest mammals: data from a global camera trap network. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 366(1578), 2703-2711.
  • Anonymous, 2009. “Kastamonu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Daday Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Ballıdağ Orman İşletme Şefliği Fonksiyonel Amenajman Planı”
  • Anonymous, 2010. “Kastamonu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Pınarbaşı Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Kurtgirmez Orman İşletme Şefliği Fonksiyonel Amenajman Planı”
  • Anwar, G., Arianto, W., Simarmata, M., Bertham, Y. H., Yuwana, Y., Romeida, A., Ruslan, D. 2023. Floristic composition and species richness of Mangrove ecosystems in Pantai Panjang–Pulau Baai Nature Park, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 6(3), 10-18.
  • Ashtamoorthy, S. 2014. A Modified Sørensen’s index to compare similarity between plant communities. Conference: Biodiversity, Bioresources and Biotechnology – International Conference, Karnataka.
  • Bellan-Santini, D. 1969. Etudefloristuque et faunistuque de quelquespeuplements infralittoraux de substrat rocheus. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, 26(41), 237-298.
  • Caughley, G. 1977. Analysis of Vertebrate Populations, 234-pp.
  • Ceballos, G., Ehrlich, P.R., Raven, P.H., 2020. Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. A. 117, 13596–13602. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922686117
  • Chane, M., Yirga, S. 2014. Diversity of medium and large-sized mammals in borena-sayint national park, South Wollo, Ethiopia. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 15(1), 95-106.
  • Chapman, F. M. 1927. Who treads our trails? Natl. Geogr. Mag. 52, 330–345.
  • Demirsoy, A. 1997. Memeliler. Meteksan A.Ş., Ankara, 292.
  • Duffus, D. A., Dearden, P. 1990. Non-consumptive wildlife-oriented recreation: a conceptual framework. Biological Conservation, 53(3), 213-231.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2018. Kastamonu ve Sinop’ta Karacanın (Capreolus capreolus) popülasyon ekolojisi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Kastamonu.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2022. Monitoring the annual change of fauna in Ilgaz Mountain Wildlife Reserve by using biodiversity indices. Journal of Biometry Studies, 2(1), 7-14.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2023. Can highway tunnel constructıon change the habitat selection of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758)?. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(12), 1410.
  • Evcin, Ö., Küçük, Ö., Akkuzu, E., Ugış, A. 2013. Using photographs for observing Roe Deers, International Caucasian Forestry Symposium Proceeding Book, Artvin, Türkiye.
  • Evcin, Ö., Küçük, Ö., Akkuzu, E., Ugış, A. 2017. Habitat preferences of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Kastamonu: case study of Elekdağı wildlife development area. International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology, 6(4), 225-29.
  • Fachrul, M. F. 2007. Metode Sampling Bioekologi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
  • Girma, Z., Worku, Z. 2020. Large mammal diversity in nensebo forest, southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Zoology, 2020, 1-11.
  • Huda, R., Istiadi, Y., & Priatna, D. (2020). Differences of terrestrial mammal species diversity between natural forest and edge forest areas in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies, 1(1), 33-39.
  • Kalleci, B., Evcin, Ö. 2025. Using circuit theory to identify important ecological corridors for large mammals between wildlife refuges. Diversity, 17(8), 542.
  • Karahan, F. 2018. Türkeli-Çatak mevkiinde fotokapanla tespit edilen büyük memeli türler ve ekolojik özellikleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2018.
  • Karanth, K. U. 1995. Estimating tiger Panthera tigris populations from camera-trap data using capture-recapture models. Biological Conservation, 71(3), 333-338.
  • Kauffman, M. J., Sanjayan, M., Lowenstein, J., Nelson, A., Jeo, R. M., Crooks, K. R. 2007. Remote camera-trap methods and analyses reveal impacts of rangeland management on Namibian carnivore communities. Oryx, 41(1), 70-78.
  • Kaya, C., Acarer, A., Tekin, S. 2025. Global climate change, a threat: example of the chamois’ case. Šumarski list, 149(3-4), 169-180.
  • Keylock, C. J. 2005. Simpson diversity and the Shannon–Wiener index as special cases of a generalized entropy. Oikos, 109(1), 203-207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13735.x
  • Kitikidou, K., Milios, E., Stampoulidis, A., Pipinis, E., Radoglou, K. 2024. Using biodiversity indices effectively: considerations for forest management. Ecologies, 5(1), 42-51.
  • Krebs C. J. 2014. Ecological Methodology 3 rd Ed. Menlo Park: Addison Welsey, United States of America. Küçük, Ö., Evcin, Ö., Aslan, F. 2017. Evaluating the frequency, dominance, resemblance analysis and diversity index of bird species in Ilgaz Mountain National Park. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(8), 5295-5304.
  • Lacher Jr, T. E., Davidson, A. D., Fleming, T. H., Gómez-Ruiz, E. P., McCracken, G. F., Owen-Smith, N., Peres C.A., Vander Wall, S. B. (2019). The functional roles of mammals in ecosystems. Journal of Mammalogy, 100(3), 942-964.
  • Magurran, A.E. (1988) Ecological Diversity and Its Measurements. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7358-0
  • Mattson, D. J. 1990. Human impacts on bear habitat use. Bears: Their Biology and Management, 8, 33–56. https://doi.org/10.2307/3872901
  • Meena, C. 2023. Impact of climate change on biodiversity with a reference to Jaipur. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 1-14.
  • Mol, T. 2006. “Yaban Hayatı”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No; 4643. Orman Fakültesi Yayın No; 489, ISBN 754047669.
  • Morrison, M.L., Marcot, B.G., Mannan, R.W. 2007. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications, Third Edition. Washington, D.C., USA: Island Press, 151-181.
  • Moruzzi, T.L., Fuller, T.K., DeGraaf, R.M., Brooks, R.T., Li, W.J. 2002. Assessing remotely triggered cameras for surveying carnivore distribution. Wildl. Soc. Bull., 30, 380–386.
  • Muchai, M. R. 2008. Ishaqib in conservation: large mammal distribution. Abundance and habitat use. National Museum of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
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  • O'Connell, A. F., Nichols, J. D., Karanth, K. U. 2011. Camera Traps in Animal Ecology: Methods and Analyses (Vol. 271). New York: Springer.
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Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 345 - 351, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1790582

Öz

Background and Aims This study aims to reveal the diversity and abundance of mammal species identified in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu.
Methods In the study, a total of 180 camera traps, 90 for each study area, were systematically installed within grids of 1000×1000 m into which the study sites were divided. The research was conducted between September 2019 and October 2020. Data from the camera traps were collected every 60 days, and species records were used to calculate the relative abundance index. The number of individuals belonging to each species was counted from the camera trap images, and the Shannon diversity index values were calculated for both study areas. Additionally, dominance values, the Sørensen similarity index, and the Simpson diversity index were calculated for the species.
Results The relative abundance values of the species were calculated for both study sites. In the Ballıdağ region, the three species with the highest relative abundance were Capreolus capreolus, Lepus europaeus, and Vulpes vulpes, while the species with the lowest relative abundance was the Meles meles. In the Kurtgirmez region, the three species with the highest relative abundance were C. capreolus, Canis lupus, and V. vulpes, while the species with the lowest relative abundance was the Cervus elaphus. Shannon diversity index was calculated as H'=2.007 for the Ballıdağ region and H'=1.817 for the Kurtgirmez region. Based on the dominance values, the most dominant species in the Ballıdağ region were C. capreolus, Sus scrofa, and L. europaeus, whereas in the Kurtgirmez region, dominance was highest for S. scrofa, C. capreolus, and C. lupus. The Sørensen similarity index was found to be 0.92 for both study sites. The Simpson diversity index values were calculated as 0.836 for the Ballıdağ region and 0.776 for the Kurtgirmez region.
Conclusions This study provides scientific data on the diversity and abundance of mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu, offering significant ecological contributions. The data obtained are valuable for assessing the ecological quality of habitats in the area, monitoring mammal species, and determining conservation priorities. In particular, identifying species with low abundance values will guide developing specific strategies aimed at their protection. Furthermore, the diversity and similarity indices provide a comparative reference point for future long-term ecological monitoring studies.

Teşekkür

We would like to thank Dr. Özkan Evcin for her support in this study's biodiversity analysis and the article's preparation, and the staff of Kastamonu Directorate of Nature Conservation and National Parks for their unwavering support during the fieldwork.

Kaynakça

  • Acarer, A. 2024. Brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) distribution model in Europe: Current situtation and the potential role of climate change. Šumarski list, 148(5-6), 1-12.
  • Acarer, A., Mert, A. (2024). 21st century climate change threatens on the Brown bear. Cerne, 30, e-103305.
  • Ahumada, J. A., Silva, C. E., Gajapersad, K., Hallam, C., Hurtado, Martin, E., McWilliam, A., Mugerwa, B., O'Brien, T., Rovero, F., Sheil, D., Spironello, W. R., Winarni, N., Andelman, S. J., 2011. Community structure and diversity of tropical forest mammals: data from a global camera trap network. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 366(1578), 2703-2711.
  • Anonymous, 2009. “Kastamonu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Daday Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Ballıdağ Orman İşletme Şefliği Fonksiyonel Amenajman Planı”
  • Anonymous, 2010. “Kastamonu Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Pınarbaşı Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Kurtgirmez Orman İşletme Şefliği Fonksiyonel Amenajman Planı”
  • Anwar, G., Arianto, W., Simarmata, M., Bertham, Y. H., Yuwana, Y., Romeida, A., Ruslan, D. 2023. Floristic composition and species richness of Mangrove ecosystems in Pantai Panjang–Pulau Baai Nature Park, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 6(3), 10-18.
  • Ashtamoorthy, S. 2014. A Modified Sørensen’s index to compare similarity between plant communities. Conference: Biodiversity, Bioresources and Biotechnology – International Conference, Karnataka.
  • Bellan-Santini, D. 1969. Etudefloristuque et faunistuque de quelquespeuplements infralittoraux de substrat rocheus. Recueil des Travaux de la Station Marine d’Endoume, 26(41), 237-298.
  • Caughley, G. 1977. Analysis of Vertebrate Populations, 234-pp.
  • Ceballos, G., Ehrlich, P.R., Raven, P.H., 2020. Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. A. 117, 13596–13602. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922686117
  • Chane, M., Yirga, S. 2014. Diversity of medium and large-sized mammals in borena-sayint national park, South Wollo, Ethiopia. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 15(1), 95-106.
  • Chapman, F. M. 1927. Who treads our trails? Natl. Geogr. Mag. 52, 330–345.
  • Demirsoy, A. 1997. Memeliler. Meteksan A.Ş., Ankara, 292.
  • Duffus, D. A., Dearden, P. 1990. Non-consumptive wildlife-oriented recreation: a conceptual framework. Biological Conservation, 53(3), 213-231.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2018. Kastamonu ve Sinop’ta Karacanın (Capreolus capreolus) popülasyon ekolojisi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Kastamonu.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2022. Monitoring the annual change of fauna in Ilgaz Mountain Wildlife Reserve by using biodiversity indices. Journal of Biometry Studies, 2(1), 7-14.
  • Evcin, Ö. 2023. Can highway tunnel constructıon change the habitat selection of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758)?. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(12), 1410.
  • Evcin, Ö., Küçük, Ö., Akkuzu, E., Ugış, A. 2013. Using photographs for observing Roe Deers, International Caucasian Forestry Symposium Proceeding Book, Artvin, Türkiye.
  • Evcin, Ö., Küçük, Ö., Akkuzu, E., Ugış, A. 2017. Habitat preferences of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Kastamonu: case study of Elekdağı wildlife development area. International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Research Technology, 6(4), 225-29.
  • Fachrul, M. F. 2007. Metode Sampling Bioekologi. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.
  • Girma, Z., Worku, Z. 2020. Large mammal diversity in nensebo forest, southern Ethiopia. International Journal of Zoology, 2020, 1-11.
  • Huda, R., Istiadi, Y., & Priatna, D. (2020). Differences of terrestrial mammal species diversity between natural forest and edge forest areas in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung, Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Applied Environmental Studies, 1(1), 33-39.
  • Kalleci, B., Evcin, Ö. 2025. Using circuit theory to identify important ecological corridors for large mammals between wildlife refuges. Diversity, 17(8), 542.
  • Karahan, F. 2018. Türkeli-Çatak mevkiinde fotokapanla tespit edilen büyük memeli türler ve ekolojik özellikleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2018.
  • Karanth, K. U. 1995. Estimating tiger Panthera tigris populations from camera-trap data using capture-recapture models. Biological Conservation, 71(3), 333-338.
  • Kauffman, M. J., Sanjayan, M., Lowenstein, J., Nelson, A., Jeo, R. M., Crooks, K. R. 2007. Remote camera-trap methods and analyses reveal impacts of rangeland management on Namibian carnivore communities. Oryx, 41(1), 70-78.
  • Kaya, C., Acarer, A., Tekin, S. 2025. Global climate change, a threat: example of the chamois’ case. Šumarski list, 149(3-4), 169-180.
  • Keylock, C. J. 2005. Simpson diversity and the Shannon–Wiener index as special cases of a generalized entropy. Oikos, 109(1), 203-207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13735.x
  • Kitikidou, K., Milios, E., Stampoulidis, A., Pipinis, E., Radoglou, K. 2024. Using biodiversity indices effectively: considerations for forest management. Ecologies, 5(1), 42-51.
  • Krebs C. J. 2014. Ecological Methodology 3 rd Ed. Menlo Park: Addison Welsey, United States of America. Küçük, Ö., Evcin, Ö., Aslan, F. 2017. Evaluating the frequency, dominance, resemblance analysis and diversity index of bird species in Ilgaz Mountain National Park. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(8), 5295-5304.
  • Lacher Jr, T. E., Davidson, A. D., Fleming, T. H., Gómez-Ruiz, E. P., McCracken, G. F., Owen-Smith, N., Peres C.A., Vander Wall, S. B. (2019). The functional roles of mammals in ecosystems. Journal of Mammalogy, 100(3), 942-964.
  • Magurran, A.E. (1988) Ecological Diversity and Its Measurements. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7358-0
  • Mattson, D. J. 1990. Human impacts on bear habitat use. Bears: Their Biology and Management, 8, 33–56. https://doi.org/10.2307/3872901
  • Meena, C. 2023. Impact of climate change on biodiversity with a reference to Jaipur. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 1-14.
  • Mol, T. 2006. “Yaban Hayatı”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No; 4643. Orman Fakültesi Yayın No; 489, ISBN 754047669.
  • Morrison, M.L., Marcot, B.G., Mannan, R.W. 2007. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships: Concepts and Applications, Third Edition. Washington, D.C., USA: Island Press, 151-181.
  • Moruzzi, T.L., Fuller, T.K., DeGraaf, R.M., Brooks, R.T., Li, W.J. 2002. Assessing remotely triggered cameras for surveying carnivore distribution. Wildl. Soc. Bull., 30, 380–386.
  • Muchai, M. R. 2008. Ishaqib in conservation: large mammal distribution. Abundance and habitat use. National Museum of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • O’Brien, T. G. 2011. Abundance, density and relative abundance: a conceptual framework. In Camera traps in animal ecology: methods and analyses (pp. 71-96). Tokyo: Springer Japan.
  • O'Connell, A. F., Nichols, J. D., Karanth, K. U. 2011. Camera Traps in Animal Ecology: Methods and Analyses (Vol. 271). New York: Springer.
  • Odum, E.P. 1983. Basic Ecology: Fundamentals of Ecology. Holt-Saunders Publisher, Tokyo, Japan.
  • OGM, 2015. Kastamonu Tosya Gavurdağı Yaban Hayatı Geliştirme Sahası Yönetim ve Gelişme Planı, T.C. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, 10. Bölge Müdürlüğü, Kastamonu Şube Müdürlüğü, Kastamonu.
  • Oğurlu, İ. 2001. Yaban Hayatı Ekolojisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 19, Isparta.
  • Pacifici, M., P. Visconti, and C. Rondinini. 2017. A framework for the identification of hotspots of climate change risk for mammals. Global Change Biology, 24, 1626–1636.
  • Romero‐Muñoz, A., Fandos, G., Benítez‐López, A., Kuemmerle, T. 2021. Habitat destruction and overexploitation drive widespread declines in all facets of mammalian diversity in the Gran Chaco. Global Change Biology, 27(4), 755-767.
  • Sarmento, P. B., Cruz, J. P., Eira, C. I., Fonseca, C. 2010. Habitat selection and abundance of common genets Genetta genetta using camera capture-mark-recapture data. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 56(1), 59-66.
  • Schipper, J., et al. 2008. The status of the world’s land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge. Science, 322,225–230.
  • Shannon, C.E., Weaver, W. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. The University of Illinois Press, Urbana, 117pp.
  • Silveira, L., Jácomo, A.T.A., Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. 2003. Camera-trap, line transect census and track surveys: a comparative evaluation. Biol. Conserv., 114, 351-355.
  • Simpson, E. H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163, 688.
  • Sørensen, T. 1948. A method of establishing groups of equal amplitude in plant sociology based on similarity of species and its application to analyses of the vegetation on Danish commons. Biol Skrifter/Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab., 5, 1.
  • Soyumert A., 2010. Kuzeybatı Anadolu ormanlarında fotokapan yöntemiyle büyük memeli türlerinin tespiti ve ekolojik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Soyumert, A., Ertürk, A., Tavşanoğlu, Ç. 2019. The importance of lagomorphs for the Eurasian lynx in Western Asia: Results from a large scale camera-trapping survey in Turkey. Mammalian Biology, 95, 18-25.
  • Tapper, S.C., Barnes, R.F.W. 1986. Influence of farming practice on the ecology of the brown hare (Lepus europaeus). Journal of Applied Ecology, 23(1), 39-52.
  • Treves, A., Mwima, P., Plumptre, A. J., Isoke, S. 2010. Camera-trapping forest–woodland wildlife of western Uganda reveals how gregariousness biases estimates of relative abundance and distribution. Biological Conservation, 143(2), 521-528.
  • Turan, N. 1984. Türkiye’nin Av ve Yaban Hayvanları – Memeliler, Ongun Kardeşler Matbaacılık Sanayi, Türkiye, 178p.
  • Ugış, A. 2023. Kastamonu-Ballıdağ ve Kurtgirmez mevkiilerinde büyük memeli türlerin habitat ilişkileri, habitat kullanımı ve ekolojik niş modellemesi. Doktora tezi, Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kastamonu.
  • Usher, M. B. 1986. Wildlife conservation evaluation: attributes, criteria and values. In: Usher M. B. (Eds.), Wildlife Conservation Evaluation, pp. 3-44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Orman Biyoçeşitliliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Abdullah Ugış 0000-0002-3128-5817

Erol Akkuzu 0000-0003-2533-9759

Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Eylül 2025
Kabul Tarihi 2 Aralık 2025
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 13 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ugış, A., & Akkuzu, E. (2025). Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 11(2), 345-351. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1790582
AMA 1.Ugış A, Akkuzu E. Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu. AOAD. 2025;11(2):345-351. doi:10.53516/ajfr.1790582
Chicago Ugış, Abdullah, ve Erol Akkuzu. 2025. “Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi 11 (2): 345-51. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1790582.
EndNote Ugış A, Akkuzu E (01 Aralık 2025) Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi 11 2 345–351.
IEEE [1]A. Ugış ve E. Akkuzu, “Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu”, AOAD, c. 11, sy 2, ss. 345–351, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.53516/ajfr.1790582.
ISNAD Ugış, Abdullah - Akkuzu, Erol. “Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi 11/2 (01 Aralık 2025): 345-351. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1790582.
JAMA 1.Ugış A, Akkuzu E. Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu. AOAD. 2025;11:345–351.
MLA Ugış, Abdullah, ve Erol Akkuzu. “Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 11, sy 2, Aralık 2025, ss. 345-51, doi:10.53516/ajfr.1790582.
Vancouver 1.Ugış A, Akkuzu E. Diversity and abundance of some mammal species in the Ballıdağ and Kurtgirmez regions of Kastamonu. AOAD [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2025;11(2):345-51. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA92GU95DK