Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinden Paliurus spina-christi tohumlarının antifungal aktivitesi ve fenolik profilleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 439 - 444, 31.12.2025

Mustafa Karaboyacı , Abdullah Beram

https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1836223

https://izlik.org/JA42YZ47TJ

Öz

Giriş ve Hedefler Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin üç farklı bölgesinden (Anamur–Mersin, Bayramiç–Çanakkale ve Fethiye–Muğla) toplanan Paliurus spina-christi Mill. tohum ekstraktlarının toplam fenolik madde içeriği ve antifungal aktivitelerindeki bölgesel farklılıkları raştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntemler Tohum örnekleri ultrasonik destekli etanol ekstraksiyonuna tabi tutulmuş; antifungal testler öncesinde çözücü döner buharlaştırıcı (rotary evaporator) yardımıyla tamamen uzaklaştırılmıştır. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği Folin–Ciocalteu yöntemiyle, antifungal aktivite ise disk difüzyon yöntemiyle Penicillium italicum ve Aspergillus niger türlerine karşı değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirmelerde tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testi (p < 0.05) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular Bölgeler arasında toplam fenolik madde içeriği açısından anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmış ve en yüksek fenolik içeriğin Fethiye (Muğla) örneklerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Antifungal analizler sonucunda yalnızca Fethiye kökenli ekstraktın P. italicum’a karşı biyolojik olarak anlamlı bir inhibisyon etkisi (net inhibisyon zonu ≥ 5 mm) gösterdiği, tüm ekstraktların A. niger’e karşı etkisinin ise ihmal edilebilir düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca toplam fenolik madde içeriği ile antifungal aktivite arasında doğrudan bir korelasyon saptanmamıştır.
Sonuçlar Bulgular, P. spina-christi tohumlarında gözlenen antifungal aktivitenin toplam fenolik miktardan ziyade belirli biyoaktif bileşiklere bağlı olabileceğini göstermekte ve coğrafi kökenin bitkinin biyoaktivitesi üzerindeki kritik etkisini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antifungal aktivite , coğrafi varyasyon , disk difüzyon , Paliurus spina-christi , toplam fenolik madde

Antifungal activity and phenolic profiles of Paliurus spina-christi seeds from different regions of Türkiye

https://izlik.org/JA42YZ47TJ

Öz

Background and Aims This study aims to reveal the regional differences in total phenolic content and antifungal activities of Paliurus spina-christi Mill. seed extracts collected from three distinct regions of Türkiye: Anamur (Mersin), Bayramiç (Çanakkale), and Fethiye (Muğla).
Methods Seed samples were subjected to ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction; prior to antifungal assays, the solvent was completely removed using a rotary evaporator. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and antifungal activity against Penicillium italicum and Aspergillus niger was evaluated via the disk diffusion method. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test (p < 0.05).
Results Significant regional variations were observed in total phenolic content, with Fethiye (Muğla) samples exhibiting the highest concentration. Antifungal assays demonstrated that only the extract from Fethiye showed a biologically meaningful inhibitory effect (net inhibition zone ≥ 5 mm) against P. italicum, while activity against A. niger was negligible for all extracts. Furthermore, no direct correlation was found between total phenolic content and antifungal efficacy.
Conclusion These findings suggest that the antifungal activity in P. spina-christi seeds may depend on specific bioactive compounds rather than total phenolic concentration alone, highlighting the significant influence of geographic origin on plant bioactivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antifungal activity , disk diffusion , geographic variation , Paliurus spina-christi , total phenolic content

Kaynakça

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