Araştırma Makalesi

Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles

Sayı: 13 12 Ekim 2026
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Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles

Öz

Background and aims Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is an ecologically and economically important species due to its wide distribution and rich content of volatile compounds. The aim of this study was to identify the volatile compounds present in the needles of Scots pine individuals of different age groups and to determine the effect of age on these compounds. Methods The study material consisted of needle samples collected from 5-, 25-, and 70-year-old Scots pine trees growing in Gölcük Nature Park. The GC-MS method was used to identify volatile compounds, and the RP-HPLC method was used to identify phenolic compounds; differences among age groups were evaluated using statistical analyses and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results The analyses identified a total of 81 volatile compounds. α-pinene (18.79%), caryophyllene (11.10%), germacrene D (10.94%), and β-pinene (7.47%) were identified as the major compounds. Monoterpene hydrocarbons constituted the major compound class across all age groups. Additionally, it was determined that the levels of some sesquiterpene compounds tended to increase with age. While catechin was the phenolic compound present in the highest amount, epicatechin and p-coumaric acid were detected only in the 25-year-old age group. PCA results revealed that the age groups were distinguishable from one another in terms of their volatile compound profiles and that age is a significant factor influencing chemical composition. Conclusions The findings indicate that the volatile compound profile of Scots pine needles changes with age. These results contribute to a better understanding of the species’ chemical properties. Furthermore, they provide a basis for studies aimed at determining the appropriate age group for the extraction of volatile compounds for pharmacological, aromatic, and industrial applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Orman Biyoçeşitliliği, Orman Botaniği, Orman Ekosistemleri

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

12 Ekim 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

22 Haziran 2026

Kabul Tarihi

24 Ağustos 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Sayı: 13

Kaynak Göster

APA
Nacakcı, F. M., & Öğüt, N. (2026). Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13, 1976626. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1976626
AMA
1.Nacakcı FM, Öğüt N. Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles. AOAD. 2026;(13):1976626. doi:10.53516/ajfr.1976626
Chicago
Nacakcı, Fatma Merve, ve Nazlı Öğüt. 2026. “Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy 13: 1976626. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1976626.
EndNote
Nacakcı FM, Öğüt N (01 Ekim 2026) Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi 13 1976626.
IEEE
[1]F. M. Nacakcı ve N. Öğüt, “Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles”, AOAD, sy 13, s. 1976626, Eki. 2026, doi: 10.53516/ajfr.1976626.
ISNAD
Nacakcı, Fatma Merve - Öğüt, Nazlı. “Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi. 13 (01 Ekim 2026): 1976626. https://doi.org/10.53516/ajfr.1976626.
JAMA
1.Nacakcı FM, Öğüt N. Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles. AOAD. 2026;:1976626.
MLA
Nacakcı, Fatma Merve, ve Nazlı Öğüt. “Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles”. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, sy 13, Ekim 2026, s. 1976626, doi:10.53516/ajfr.1976626.
Vancouver
1.Fatma Merve Nacakcı, Nazlı Öğüt. Age-related variation in the volatile compounds and phenolic profile of Pinus sylvestris L. needles. AOAD. 01 Ekim 2026;(13):1976626. doi:10.53516/ajfr.1976626