Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanında Humus Formlarının Belirlenmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 82 - 90, 30.12.2020

Meriç Çakır , Figen Çakır , Halil İbrahim Yalçıntekin

Öz

Humus, uzun yıllardır kullanılmakta olan bir terimdir ve 18. yüzyılda önemi anlaşılarak humus ekolojisi hakkında bilimsel çalışmalar yapılmaya başlanmıştır. Son yıllarda Avrupa sınıflandırma yöntemi geliştirilmiş ve mull, moder, mor, amphi ve tangel olmak üzere beş farklı takım tanımlanmıştır. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Ormanında yürütülen çalışma dört alanda gerçekleştirilmiş olup bir sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) ve farklı gelişim çağlarındaki üç karaçam (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) meşceresinde humus formları teşhis edilmiştir. Belirlenen örnek alanlarda 25 cm × 25 cm ölçülerindeki çerçeveler içerisinde alınan ölüörtü örneklerinde OL, OF ve OH ve A horizonları ayrıntılı incelenmiştir. Ölüörtü horizonları morfolojik incelenirken toprak faunasının varlığı dikkatlice belirlenmiş ayrıca A horizonunun pH değeri dikkate alınarak humus formu ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak ölüörtünün ayrıntılı morfolojik ve biyolojik incelenmesi ile sarıçam meşceresinde Eumacroamphi humus formu olduğu belirlenirken farklı gelişim çağlarındaki karaçam (Çkb, Çkc ve Çkd) meşcerelerinde sırası ile Leptoamphi, Eumesoamphi ve Eumacroamphi humus tipleri olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Humus formu, orman toprağı, meşcere gelişimi, ölüörtü, toprak faunası

Determination and Evaluation of Humus Forms in Çankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Forestry Research and Application Forest

Öz

Humus is a term that has been used for many years, and in the 18th century, scientific studies on humus ecology began with its importance understood. In recent years, the European classification method has been developed and five different sets have been defined as mull, modern, purple, amphi, and tangel. The study conducted in Çankırı Karatekin University Faculty of Forestry Research and Application Forest was carried out in four areas, and humus forms were identified in one scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and three black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) stands in different developmental stages. OL, OF and OH, and A horizons were examined in detail in the litter samples taken in frames of 25 cm × 25 cm in the determined sample areas. While the morphological examination of the litter horizons, the presence of soil fauna was carefully determined and the humus form was identified by taking into account the pH value of the A horizon. As a result, by detailed morphological and biological examination of the litter, it was determined that there is Eumacroamphi humus form in the scotch pine stand, while it was determined that there are Leptoamphi, Eumesoamphi and Eumacroamphi humus types in black pine stands in different developmental stages, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Humus form, forest soil, stands development, litter, soil fauna

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