Genealogical Analysis of Shepherd, Sheep and Wolf Metaphors in Turkish Thinking System: From Old Turkic Inscriptions to Old Anatolian Turkish
Öz
Metaphor, which is generally handled within the art of speech or meaning changes, is described as using another concept based on similarity interest instead of one concept. The metaphors that show the abstraction power of language are linguistic in terms of resources, but also include thought and mental processes by showing a structure that transcends language. In the context of the influence of social and cultural elements, every language has the capacity to produce metaphors. In the conceptual metaphor theory developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson within the framework of the understanding of contemporary metaphor, there is a parallelism between the system formed by language based on abstraction and the way people perceive the world. In this context, it is possible to analyze the changes and transformations of societies through metaphors. When we approach the subject in terms of Turkish culture, especially literary texts, it seems possible to follow the development line of Turkish culture and the Turkish thought system, starting from the world of metaphors presented by Turkish language relics. In line with the design and purpose stated in this article, the development of the metaphors of shepherds, sheep and wolves as a political figure in Turkish literature is emphasized; what meanings were attributed to these metaphors in the process of having a political content were evaluated in the light of the materials provided by the literary texts. At this point, a border has been determined to include Old Anatolian Turkish texts, which constitute the first ring of Western Turkish, based on old Turkic inscriptions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Türk Düşünce Sisteminde Çoban, Koyun ve Kurt Metaforlarının Soykütüksel Analizi: Eski Türk Yazıtlarından Eski Anadolu Türkçesine
Öz
Genellikle söz sanatları ya da anlam değişmeleri içerisinde ele alınan metafor, bir kavramın yerine benzerlik, analoji, yakınlaştırma, çağrışım, karşılaştırma vb. ilişkilere dayalı olarak başka bir kavramın kullanılması biçiminde tarif edilir. Dilin zihinsel gücünü gösteren metaforlar, kaynak bakımından dilsel olmakla birlikte dili aşan bir yapı göstererek düşünceyi ve zihinsel süreçleri de kapsamaktadır. Sosyal ve kültürel ögelerin etkisi bağlamında her dilin metafor üretme kapasitesi vardır. Çağdaş metafor anlayışı çerçevesinde George Lakoff ve Mark Johnson tarafından geliştirilen kavramsal metafor kuramında dilin soyutlamaya dayalı oluşturduğu sistemle insanların dünyayı algılayış biçimleri arasında koşutluk bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda toplumların değişim ve dönüşümlerini, süreklilik ve kırılmalarını metaforlar aracılığıyla çözümlemek mümkündür. Konuya -yazınsal metinler özelinde- Türk kültürü açısından yaklaştığımızda Türk dili yadigârlarının sunduğu metafor dünyasından yola çıkarak Türk kültürünün gelişim çizgisini ve Türk düşünce sistemini takip etmek mümkün görünmektedir. Bu makalede, belirtilen tasarım ve amaç doğrultusunda Türk edebiyatında çoban, koyun ve kurt metaforlarının siyasi bir figür olarak gelişimi üzerinde durulmuş; bu metaforlara siyasi bir içeriğe sahip olma sürecinde hangi anlamların yüklendikleri, yazınsal metinlerin sunduğu malzemeler ışığında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu noktada eski Türk yazıtlarından yola çıkılmış ve Batı Türkçesinin ilk halkasını oluşturan Eski Anadolu Türkçesi metinlerini içine alacak şekilde bir sınır belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Genealogical Analysis of Shepherd, Sheep and Wolf Metaphors in Turkish Thinking System: From Old Turkic Inscriptions to Old Anatolian Turkish
Öz
Metaphor, which is generally discussed within the context of figures of speech or meaning changes, instead of a concept, is described as the use of another concept based on the relations of similarity, analogy, convergence, connotation, comparison, etc. The metaphors that show the abstraction power of language are linguistic in terms of resources, but also include thought and mental processes by showing a structure that transcends language. In the context of the influence of social and cultural elements, every language has the capacity to produce metaphors. In the conceptual metaphor theory developed by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson within the framework of the understanding of contemporary metaphor, there is a parallelism between the system formed by language based on abstraction and the way people perceive the world. In this context, it is possible to analyze the changes and transformations of societies through metaphors. When we approach the subject in terms of Turkish culture, especially literary texts, it seems possible to follow the development line of Turkish culture and the Turkish thought system, starting from the world of metaphors presented by Turkish language relics. In line with the design and purpose stated in this article, the development of the metaphors of shepherds, sheep and wolves as a political figure in Turkish literature is emphasized; what meanings were attributed to these metaphors in the process of having a political content were evaluated in the light of the materials provided by the literary texts. At this point, a border has been determined to include Old Anatolian Turkish texts, which constitute the first period of Western Turkish, based on old Turkic inscriptions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
