KÜRESEL YOLSUZLUK ENDEKSLERİ: ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 17, 223 - 245, 29.12.2021

Yusuf Pustu , Abdul Malik Abdulai Murat İnce

Öz

Yolsuzlukla ilgili endişeler; Uluslararası Şeffaflık Örgütü, Dünya Bankası ve Freedom House gibi kuruluşları, çeşitli yöntemlerin yanı sıra eşit derecede önemli diğer bazı göstergeleri kullanarak temel bazı göstergeler geliştirmeye sevk etmiştir. Bununla birlikte endekslerin yapısı farklılık göstermekte ve küresel yolsuzluk endekslerinin uygulamaları ve zorlukları hakkında endişeler yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışma, söz konusu endekslerin etkili ve kullanışlı olup olmadığını incelemekte ve endeksler etrafındaki bazı tartışmalara yer vermektedir. Bu çerçevede, Dünya Bankası, Yolsuzluk Endeksi, Freedom House ve Uluslararası Şeffaflık göstergelerinin, nasıl çalıştıkları, metodolojileri, finansman kaynakları, raporlama sıklıkları, motivasyonları ve küresel erişimleri kapsamlı bir incelemeye tabi tutulmaktadır. Çalışmada; Yolsuzluk Ölçümü, Yolsuzluk Endekslerinin Kullanımı ve Küresel Yolsuzluk Endekslerinin Zorlukları konularına özel bir önem atfedilmiştir. Çalışma, yolsuzluğun ölçülmesindeki zorluklara rağmen, bunun hala farklı ülkeler üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan bir gerçek olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır. Uluslararası yolsuzluk önlemleri bazı ülkelerin refah ve demokrasi düzeyine olumlu katkıda bulunurken, diğerleri için de son derece olumsuz sonuçlar doğurabilir. Her ne kadar küresel bir bilince kapı aralayan faydalı bir çerçeve olarak görülseler de yolsuzluk değerlendirmelerinin arkasındaki politik ruh asla gözden kaçırılmamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararsı Yolsuzluk Endeksleri, Yolsuzluk Ölçümü, Yolsuzluk Endekslerinin Kullanımı, Yolsuzlukla Mücadele

GLOBAL CORRUPTION INDEXES: A CRITICAL OVERVIEW

Öz

Concerns about corruption have prompted organizations such as Transparency International, the World Bank, and Freedom House to develop some key indicators using a variety of methods, as well as other equally important indicators. The construction of indexes, on the other hand, differs, posing concerns about the global corruption indices' implementations and challenges. This study examines whether these indices are effective and useful and elaborates on some discussions about them. In this context, the World Bank, Corruption Index, Freedom House and Transparency International indicators are subjected to a comprehensive review of how they work, their methodologies, sources of financing, reporting frequencies, motivations and global reach. In this study, special attention is paid to Measurement of Corruption, Utilization of Corruption Indices and Challenges of Global Corruption Indices. The paper concludes that despite the challenge of measuring corruption, it still is a reality with negative impact on different countries. While international measures of corruption may contribute positively to the welfare and democracy level of some countries, they can have extremely negative consequences for others as well. Although they are seen as a useful framework that opens the door to a global awareness, the political spirit behind the corruption assessments should never be overlooked.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Global Corruption Indexes, Measurement of Corruption, Utilization of Corruption Indices, Anti-Corruption

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