COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF SECTORAL R&D EXPENDITURES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF TURKEY IN THE SHORT AND LONG TERM

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 21, 517 - 548, 28.04.2023

Melike Pekel Çetin

https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1244312

Öz

Abstract
The impact of R&D on growth can be understood through the lens of endogenous growth theory, which emphasizes the role of knowledge and technology in driving economic growth. According to this theory, R&D activities lead to the creation of new knowledge and technologies, which increase productivity and drive economic growth. Thus, one of the key mechanisms by which R&D can influence growth is the creation of new products and processes. Sectorial R&D activities are the processes produced by the public, companies and higher education institutions. Which sector is effective in its activities is important in terms of applied R&D policies, allocation of resources and created externalities.
The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of R&D expenditures made according to sectors on economic growth comparatively. In the study, ARDL analysis was used for the example of the Turkish economy between the years 1990-2021. In particular, the effect of R&D expenditures made by each sector on individual growth was investigated and the effects of sectorial R&D activities were compared with each other. The findings support the theories and other empirical studies in the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

R&D Spending, Economic Growth, ARDL Analysis, Short and Long Term

SEKTÖREL AR-GE HARCAMALARININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ETKİSİ KISA VE UZUN DÖNEMDE TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Ar-Ge'nin büyüme üzerindeki etkisi, ekonomik büyümeyi yönlendirmede bilgi ve teknolojinin rolünü vurgulayan içsel büyüme teorisinin merceğinden anlaşılabilir. Bu teoriye göre, Ar-Ge faaliyetleri yeni bilgi ve teknolojilerin yaratılmasına yol açar, bu da verimliliği artırır ve ekonomik büyümeyi yönlendirir. Dolayısıyla, Ar-Ge'nin büyümeyi etkileyebileceği kilit mekanizmalardan biri, yeni ürün ve süreçlerin yaratılmasıdır. Sektörel Ar-Ge faaliyetleri ise kamu, firmalar ve yükseköğretim kurumları tarafından üretilen süreçlerdir. Hangi sektörün faaliyetlerinde ne kadar etkili olduğu uygulanan Ar-Ge politikaları, kaynakların tahsisi ve yaratılan dışsallıklar açısından önemlidir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı sektörlere göre yapılan Ar-Ge harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz etmektir. Çalışmada 1990-2021 yılları arasında Türkiye ekonomisi örneği için ARDL analizi kullanılmıştır. Özellikle her sektör tarafından yapılan Ar-Ge harcamasının bireysel olarak büyüme üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmış ve sektörel Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin etkileri birbiri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular literatürde yer alan teorileri ve diğer ampirik çalışmaları desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ar-Ge Harcamaları, Ekonomik Büyüme, ARDL Analizi, Kısa ve Uzun Dönem, R&D Spending, Economic Growth, ARDL Analysis, Short and Long Term

Kaynakça

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