Araştırma Makalesi
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MACARİSTAN’DA DEMOKRASİNİN GERİLEMESİ ÖRNEĞİNDE AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ’NİN HUKUKUN ÜSTÜNLÜĞÜNÜ KORUMA POLİTİKALARI

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 22, 1 - 28, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652

Öz

Macaristan, Avrupa Birliği’ne (AB) içeriden meydan okuyan üye ülkelerden biridir. Viktor Orban yönetimindeki son yasal ve anayasal değişiklikler AB’nin demokrasi ile ilgili kural, norm ve değerlerinin üyeleri tarafından ihlalini engellemeye yönelik kapasitesini ve siyasi iradesini sorgulatmaktadır. Ülkedeki mevcut demokratik gerilemenin “illiberal” demokrasi, “sorunlu” ya da “arızalı” demokrasi ve “seçimli otokrasi” olarak tanımlanmasıyla bağlantılı olarak bu çalışma süreci demokrasinin gerilemesi olarak ele almaktadır. Bu çalışma, AB’nin Macaristan’da demokrasinin gerilemesini nasıl yönettiğini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla araştırma AB resmi belgeleri ve yayınları ile çeşitli uluslararası kuruluşların demokrasi indekslerinin içerik analizine ve ikincil literatüre dayanmaktadır. AB’nin, Macaristan’daki demokratik gerilemeyi bir hukukun üstünlüğü krizi olarak ele aldığı bulgusundan hareket eden çalışma, AB’nin üye devletlerde hukukun üstünlüğünü korumaya yönelik kurumsal mekanizmalarını ve politika araçlarını araştırmaktadır. Çalışma Macaristan’da demokrasinin gerilemesi örneği üzerinden AB’nin hukukun üstünlüğünü korumada siyasi iradesini ve mekanizmalarını tartışarak literatüre güncel bir katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

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THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 22, 1 - 28, 30.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652

Öz

Hungary is one of the European Union (EU) members challenging the EU from within. The recent legal and constitutional changes under Viktor Orban’s governments question the EU’s capacity and political will to prevent the violations by its members of its rules, norms and values pertaining to democracy. In conjunction with the definition of the current democratic decline in the country as “illiberal” democracy, “defective” democracy or “elected autocracy”, this study addresses the process as democratic backsliding. This study aims to analyse how the EU manages democratic backsliding in Hungary. For this purpose, the research is based on the content analysis of official EU documents and publications, democracy indexes of various international institutions as well as secondary literature. Considering the EU’s approach to democratic decline in Hungary as a rule of law crisis, the study explores the EU’s institutional mechanisms and policy tools to protect the rule of law in its member states. This study aims to make a contemporary contribution to the literature by discussing the EU’s political will and mechanisms to protect the rule of law in the case of Hungary’s democratic backsliding.

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  • Von Bogdandy, A. and Lacnyi J. (2020, July 21). Suspension of EU funds for member states breaching the rule of law – a dose of tough love needed?. Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law & International Law (MPIL) Research Paper (2020-24). http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3638175
  • Wahl, T. (2020, December 8). Council Launches Rule of Law Dialogue. The European Criminal Law Associations’ Forum. Retrieved from https://eucrim.eu/news/council-launches-rule-law-dialogue/#:~:text=On%20the%20basis%20of%20the,meeting%20on%2013%20October%202020 on 08.04.2023
  • Waldner, D. and Lust, E. (2018). Unwelcome change: coming to terms with democratic backsliding. Annual Review of Political Science, 21, 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-050517-114628
  • Wilkin, P. (2018). The rise of “illiberal” democracy: the Orbanization of Hungarian political culture. Journal of World-Systems Research, 24(1), 5-42. https://doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2018.716
  • Wilms, G. (2017). Protecting fundamental values in the European Union through the rule of law: Articles 2 and 7 TEU from a legal, historical and comparative angle. Florence: European University Institute.
  • Wolkenstein, F. (2022). European political parties’ complicity in democratic backsliding. Global Constitutionalism, 11(1), 55-82. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045381720000386
Toplam 111 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Fulya Akgül Durakçay 0000-0003-0200-7911

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 22

Kaynak Göster

APA Akgül Durakçay, F. (2023). THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(22), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652
AMA Akgül Durakçay F. THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY. Akademik Hassasiyetler. Ağustos 2023;10(22):1-28. doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652
Chicago Akgül Durakçay, Fulya. “THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY”. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10, sy. 22 (Ağustos 2023): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652.
EndNote Akgül Durakçay F (01 Ağustos 2023) THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10 22 1–28.
IEEE F. Akgül Durakçay, “THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY”, Akademik Hassasiyetler, c. 10, sy. 22, ss. 1–28, 2023, doi: 10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652.
ISNAD Akgül Durakçay, Fulya. “THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY”. Akademik Hassasiyetler 10/22 (Ağustos 2023), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652.
JAMA Akgül Durakçay F. THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY. Akademik Hassasiyetler. 2023;10:1–28.
MLA Akgül Durakçay, Fulya. “THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY”. Akademik Hassasiyetler, c. 10, sy. 22, 2023, ss. 1-28, doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1295652.
Vancouver Akgül Durakçay F. THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICIES TO PROTECT THE RULE OF LAW IN THE CASE OF DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN HUNGARY. Akademik Hassasiyetler. 2023;10(22):1-28.

MAKALE DEĞERLENDİRME SÜRECİ

Yazar tarafından gönderilen bir makale, gönderim tarihinden itibaren 10 gün içinde dergi sekreteri tarafından makalenin, telif sözleşmesinin ve benzerlik raporunun (Turnitin programı) eksiksiz ve düzgün bir şekilde gönderilip gönderilmediği yönünden incelenir. İstenilen bu dosyalar eksiksiz ve düzgün bir şekilde gönderilmiş ise makale; ikinci aşamada derginin yayın çizgisine uygun olup olmadığı yönünden değerlendirilir. Bu süreçte makale yayın çizgisine uygun değilse yazara iade edilir. Makale yayın çizgisine uygun ise şablona uygun bir şekilde gönderilip gönderilmediği yönünden değerlendirilir. Şayet makale şablona uyarlanıp gönderilmemiş ise değerlendirme sürecine alınmaz. Bu süreçte yazarın derginin belirlediği şartlara uygun bir şekilde sisteme makale yüklemesi beklenir. Makale şablona uygun bir şekilde hazırlanıp gönderilmiş ise son aşamada makale derginin yayın ilkeleri, yazım kuralları, öz, abstract, extented abstract, kaynakça gösterimi vb. yönlerden incelenir. Bu ayrıntılarda makalede bir sorun varsa yazarın bu hususları tamamlaması istenir ve verilen süre içerisinde eksiksiz bir şekilde yeniden makaleyi göndermesi istenir.
Tüm bu aşamaları geçen makale, editör tarafından bilimsel yeterliliğinin denetlenmesi amacıyla ikinci 7 günlük süre içerisinde çalışmaya uygun iki hakeme değerlendirmeleri için gönderilir. Hakemlerin değerlendirme süreleri 15 gündür. Bu süre zarfında hakemlik görevini tamamlamayan bir hakem olursa ilgili hakeme değerlendirmeyi tamamlaması için 7 günlük ek süre verilebilir. Bu süre zarfında hakem görevini yerine getirmezse yerine yeni bir hakem ataması yapılır. En az iki hakemden gelen raporlar olumlu ise makale yayın aşamasına alınır. Hakem raporlarından birisi olumlu diğeri olumsuz ise makale üçüncü bir hakeme gönderilir. Üçüncü hakem raporu da olumsuz ise makale ret edilir. Üçüncü hakemin değerlendirmesi olumlu ise makaleyle ilgili hakem raporları dergi alan editörlerinden oluşan Editörler Kurulu tarafından incelenir. Makalenin yayınlanmasıyla ilgili nihai karar alan editörlerinden oluşan Editörler Kurulu tarafından verilir. Hakem raporlarının yetersiz ve tatmin etmekten uzak olması veya İngilizce editör tarafından abstract ve extented abstract’ın yetersiz görülmesi hallerinde de yine makaleyle ilgili son karar Editörler Kurulu tarafından verilir. Tüm bu aşamalardan geçen bir makale en yakın sayıya yayınlanmak üzere eklenir. İlgili sayıda yer kalmaması halinde makalenin yayımı bir sonraki sayıya kaydırılır. Bu durumda ve tüm değerlendirme sürecinde yazar isterse makalesini geri çekme hakkına sahiptir. Ancak bu durumu dergiye bildirmesi gerekir. Makale gönderim tarihinden makalenin yayına kabul tarihine kadar tüm bu işlemler için ortalama 3 aylık bir süre öngörülmektedir.