European Union and the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 229 - 245, 15.04.2021

Adviye Damla Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.867503

Öz

United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) on July 7, 2017. The Treaty is a legal instrument that highlights the humanitarian aspect of nuclear disarmament and provides an alternative to the disarmament approach of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Because this Treaty sought to eliminate nuclear weapons, nuclear-weapon states (NWS) and states whose security is based on nuclear deterrence, criticized it for weakening the NPT. However, particular states and supranational nongovernmental organizations, such as the International Campaign for the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) opposed nuclear proliferation by carrying out an active, vigorous campaign to ban nuclear weapons and accomplish the goals of the TPNW. Here, two opposing sides emerged on this rather current issue. This study examines the potential of the European Union (EU) which has members from both sides and has policies towards non-proliferation and controlling nuclear weapons since its foundation, to lead and advance the movement of the ban of nuclear weapons, namely the TPNW process. The study intends to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the EU in its support and contribution to the TPNW process, conducting a further discussion on the issue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), Nuclear Disarmament, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW)

Avrupa Birliği ve Nükleer Silahların Yasaklanması Anlaşması

Öz

Nükleer Silahların Yasaklanması Antlaşması (TPNW), Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulunda 7 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde kabul edilmiştir. Bu Antlaşma ile Nükleer Silahların Yayılmasının Önlenmesi Antlaşmasının (NPT) merkezinde olduğu nükleer silahsızlandırma yaklaşımına alternatif, insani boyutu vurgulanan yeni bir yasal araç geliştirilmiştir. Bu araç, nükleer silahların tamamen yasaklanmasını öngördüğünden özellikle nükleer silah sahibi ve güvenlik anlayışı nükleer caydırıcılığa dayanan ülkeler tarafından eleştirilmiş ve NPT’yi zayıflattığı öne sürülmüştür. Diğer yandan, Nükleer Silahların Kaldırılmasına Yönelik Uluslararası Kampanya (ICAN) başta olmak üzere ulusüstü sivil toplum kuruluşları ile nükleer karşıtı ülkeler, nükleer silahların yasaklanması yönünde aktif ve güçlü bir kampanya yürütmüştür. Bu durumda oldukça güncel olan bu konuda iki taraf oluşmuştur. Bu çalışma, her iki taraftan aktörlerin üyesi olduğu ve kuruluşundan itibaren nükleer silahların kontrolü ve yayılmasının önlenmesi yönünde politikaları olan Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB), nükleer silahların yasaklanması hareketine, diğer bir deyişle TPNW sürecine öncülük etme ve ilerletme potansiyelini analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, AB’nin TPNW sürecine destek ve katkı sağlaması bağlamında güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini belirlemekte ve bu kapsamda bir tartışma yürütmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nükleer Silahların Yayılmasının Önlenmesi Antlaşması (NPT), Nükleer Silahsızlanma, Nükleer Silahların Yasaklanması Antlaşması (TPNW)

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