Araştırma Makalesi
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Developmental States in Africa: The Mauritian Miracle

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 123 - 140, 15.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1241322

Öz

A developmental state is both a theoretical construct and a description of the political economy of certain nations, primarily in East Asia, over a specified time period. Theoretically, a developmental state is a particular type of state with a high degree of autonomy and solid institutional competence, allowing it to undertake a series of effective state-interventionist policies in pursuit of developmental objectives. Statism and state autonomy underpin the conceptual framework of the developmental state. The developmental state defied the neoclassical orthodoxy in development economics. Despite lacking the attributes of the mainstream neoclassical consensus in development economics and facing an uphill battle from such institutions, developmental states in various regions of the world have achieved high levels of economic growth. This study seeks to investigate the developmental state trajectories of Mauritius in relation to vital elements of developmental states. In an effort to do so, this study poses the following question: "What accounts for Mauritius' development state success in Africa?". By looking at the link between institutional building and economic performance, the study finds that Mauritius has replicated key developmental state institutions, including embedded and autonomous bureaucracy, making it one of Africa’s most successful developmental states.

Kaynakça

  • Bagchi, Amiya Kumar. “The Past and the Future of the Developmental State.” Journal of World-Systems Research, 6/2, (2000), 398–442.
  • AL, Arzu. “Politika-ekonomi kesişmesi: yeni bir bilim dalı olarak uluslararası politik ekonomi.” İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), (2015), 143-159.
  • Balaam, David N.- Dillman, Bradford. Uluslararası Ekonomi Politiğe Giriş. Çev.Nasuh Uslu. Ankara: Adres Yayınları, (2020).
  • Chang, Ha Joon. “The Economic Theory of the Developmental State.” The Developmental State. Ed. Meredith Woo-Cumings. 182–199. New York: Cornell University Press, (1999).
  • Chang, Ha Joon. Sanayileşmenin Gizli Tarihi. Çev. Emin Akçaoğlu. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi, (2015).
  • Cumings, Meredith Woo. “Chalmers Johnson and the Politics of Nationalism and Development.” The Developmental State. Ed. Meredith Woo Cumings. 1–31. New York: Cornell University Press, (1999).
  • ECA, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Governing development in Africa: The Role of the State in Economic Transformation. Addis Ababa: ECA Committee of Experts Meeting, (2011), https://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/21376/Bib-66885.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • ECA, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. The Developmental State: What Options for Africa? Addis Ababa: An Issue Paper presented at the Third Meeting of the Committee on Governance and Popular Participation (CGPP-III), (2013). https://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/27423/b10696933.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Evans, Peter. Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1996).
  • Faur, David Levi. “States Making and Market Building for Global South: The Developmental State Vs. The Regulatory State”, Jerusalem Papers in Regulation and Governance, 44, (2012), 1–32.
  • Hills, Mils. “The Formal and Informal Management of Diversity in the Republic of Mauritius.” Social Identities Journal for the Study of Race, Nation, and Culture, 8/2, (2002), 287–300.
  • Ibrahim Index of African Governance, Retrieved from (11.09.2022), https://mo.ibrahim.foundation/iiag
  • Johnson, Chalmers. MITI and The Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy 1925-1975. Redwood City: Stanford University Press, (1982).
  • Kedir, Anwar Seman. Kalkınmaya Yönelik Devleti Politikalarının Seçilmiş Ülke Örnekleriyle Analizi, İstanbul: Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, (2018).
  • Kohli Atul, State Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery. New York: Cambridge University Press, (2004).
  • Leftwich, Adrian. “Developmental States, Effective States, and Poverty Reduction: The Primacy of Politics.” Indian Journal of Human Development, 5/2, (2011), 387–411.
  • Mkandawire, Thandika. “Thinking About Developmental States in Africa.” Cambridge Journal of Economics, 25/3, (2001), 289-314.
  • Musamba, Charity. “The Developmental State Concept and its Relevance for Africa.” The Developmental State in Africa: Problems and Prospects. Ed. Peter Meyns – Charity Musamba. 11–41. INEF-Report, (2010).
  • Oarhe, Osumah. “Tonic or toxin? The State, Neopatrimonialism, and Anticorruption Efforts in Nigeria”, Journal of Policy Studies, 28/1, (2013), 111–134.
  • Onis, Ziya. “The Logic of the Developmental State.” Comparative Politics, 24/1, (1991), 109–126.
  • Rodrik, Dani. “Trade Policy and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa,” (EGDI) Expert Group on Development Issues, (1997).
  • Routley, Laura. “Developmental States: A Review of the Literature.” Effective States and Inclusive Development (ESID), Working Paper No.03, (2012).
  • Sandbrook, Richard. “Origins of the Democratic Developmental State: Interrogating Mauritius.” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 39/3, (2005), 549–581.
  • Tiryakioğlu, Murad. “Güney Kore’de Sanayi Politikasının Gelişimi: Öğrencilikten Öğretmenliğe Geçiş”. Doğu Asya’nın Politik Ekonomisi Japonya, Çin ve Güney Kore’de Kalkınma, Siyaset ve Jeostrateji. Ed. K. Ali Akkemik- Sadık Ünay. 227-237. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, (2015).
  • UNDP, United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 2005, International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World, New York: United Nations Development Programme, (2005). https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents//human-development-report-2005-english.human-development-report-2005-english
  • UNDP, United Nations Development Programme, “Human Development Report 2013. The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World”, New York: United Nations Development Programme, (2013). https://www.undp.org/egypt/publications/human-development-report-2013-rise-south-human-progress-diverse-world
  • World Bank Databases, https://data.worldbank.org/, Retrieved from (11.09.2022).
  • Yavuz, Serkan. Uluslararası Ticaret Açısından Türkiye Güney Kore Karşılaştırılmasında İnovasyon Etkisi, İstanbul: Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, (2018).
  • YeungLamKo, Louis. “The Economic Development of Mauritius Since Independence,” Sydney NSW, (1998), 1–29.
  • Yülek, Murat A. “Kalkınma Tartışmalarında Japon Modelinin Yükselişi. Düşüşü ve Tekrar Yükselişi”. Doğu Asya’nın Politik Ekonomisi Japonya, Çin ve Güney Kore’de Kalkınma, Siyaset ve Jeostrateji. Ed. K. Ali Akkemik- Sadık Ünay. 132-162. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, (2015).

Afrika’da Kalkınmacı Devlet: Morityus Mucizesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 123 - 140, 15.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1241322

Öz

Kalkınmacı Devlet, teorik bir zemin oluşturmasının yanı sıra başta Doğu Asya ülkeleri olmak üzere belirli ülkelerin belirli bir zaman içerisinde uluslararası politik ekonomisinin kavramsal tanımını ifade etmektedir. Teorik olarak kalkınmacı devlet, güçlü kurumsal kapasiteye sahip olmakla birlikte kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda etkili devlet politikalarının yürütülmesini ifade etmektedir. Devletçilik ve devlet özerkliği, kalkınmacı devletin kavramsal çerçevesinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Kalkınmacı devlet, neoklasik ortodoks ekonomi anlayışına meydan okumaktadır. Neoklasik iktisat anlayışı ve söz konusu anlayış çerçevesinde oluşturulan kurumların baskılarına rağmen dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerinde yer alan kalkınmacı devletler hızlı ekonomik büyüme süreçlerine girmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada kurumsal yapı ve ekonomik gelişmeler arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyerek Morityus’un Afrika’daki kalkınmacı devlet politikalarını yürütmedeki başarısının altında yatan nedenlerin neler olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır.Çalışma, kurumsal yapı ve ekonomik performans arasındaki bağlantıya dikkate alarak Morityos'un yerleşik ve özerk bürokrasi de dahil olmak üzere önemli kalkınmacı devlet kurumlarını oluşturabildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte kalkınmacı devlet anlayışının Morityos’u Afrika'daki en başarılı kalkınma devletlerinden biri haline getirdiği görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bagchi, Amiya Kumar. “The Past and the Future of the Developmental State.” Journal of World-Systems Research, 6/2, (2000), 398–442.
  • AL, Arzu. “Politika-ekonomi kesişmesi: yeni bir bilim dalı olarak uluslararası politik ekonomi.” İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), (2015), 143-159.
  • Balaam, David N.- Dillman, Bradford. Uluslararası Ekonomi Politiğe Giriş. Çev.Nasuh Uslu. Ankara: Adres Yayınları, (2020).
  • Chang, Ha Joon. “The Economic Theory of the Developmental State.” The Developmental State. Ed. Meredith Woo-Cumings. 182–199. New York: Cornell University Press, (1999).
  • Chang, Ha Joon. Sanayileşmenin Gizli Tarihi. Çev. Emin Akçaoğlu. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi, (2015).
  • Cumings, Meredith Woo. “Chalmers Johnson and the Politics of Nationalism and Development.” The Developmental State. Ed. Meredith Woo Cumings. 1–31. New York: Cornell University Press, (1999).
  • ECA, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. Governing development in Africa: The Role of the State in Economic Transformation. Addis Ababa: ECA Committee of Experts Meeting, (2011), https://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/21376/Bib-66885.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • ECA, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. The Developmental State: What Options for Africa? Addis Ababa: An Issue Paper presented at the Third Meeting of the Committee on Governance and Popular Participation (CGPP-III), (2013). https://repository.uneca.org/bitstream/handle/10855/27423/b10696933.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Evans, Peter. Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton: Princeton University Press, (1996).
  • Faur, David Levi. “States Making and Market Building for Global South: The Developmental State Vs. The Regulatory State”, Jerusalem Papers in Regulation and Governance, 44, (2012), 1–32.
  • Hills, Mils. “The Formal and Informal Management of Diversity in the Republic of Mauritius.” Social Identities Journal for the Study of Race, Nation, and Culture, 8/2, (2002), 287–300.
  • Ibrahim Index of African Governance, Retrieved from (11.09.2022), https://mo.ibrahim.foundation/iiag
  • Johnson, Chalmers. MITI and The Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy 1925-1975. Redwood City: Stanford University Press, (1982).
  • Kedir, Anwar Seman. Kalkınmaya Yönelik Devleti Politikalarının Seçilmiş Ülke Örnekleriyle Analizi, İstanbul: Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, (2018).
  • Kohli Atul, State Directed Development: Political Power and Industrialization in the Global Periphery. New York: Cambridge University Press, (2004).
  • Leftwich, Adrian. “Developmental States, Effective States, and Poverty Reduction: The Primacy of Politics.” Indian Journal of Human Development, 5/2, (2011), 387–411.
  • Mkandawire, Thandika. “Thinking About Developmental States in Africa.” Cambridge Journal of Economics, 25/3, (2001), 289-314.
  • Musamba, Charity. “The Developmental State Concept and its Relevance for Africa.” The Developmental State in Africa: Problems and Prospects. Ed. Peter Meyns – Charity Musamba. 11–41. INEF-Report, (2010).
  • Oarhe, Osumah. “Tonic or toxin? The State, Neopatrimonialism, and Anticorruption Efforts in Nigeria”, Journal of Policy Studies, 28/1, (2013), 111–134.
  • Onis, Ziya. “The Logic of the Developmental State.” Comparative Politics, 24/1, (1991), 109–126.
  • Rodrik, Dani. “Trade Policy and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa,” (EGDI) Expert Group on Development Issues, (1997).
  • Routley, Laura. “Developmental States: A Review of the Literature.” Effective States and Inclusive Development (ESID), Working Paper No.03, (2012).
  • Sandbrook, Richard. “Origins of the Democratic Developmental State: Interrogating Mauritius.” Canadian Journal of African Studies, 39/3, (2005), 549–581.
  • Tiryakioğlu, Murad. “Güney Kore’de Sanayi Politikasının Gelişimi: Öğrencilikten Öğretmenliğe Geçiş”. Doğu Asya’nın Politik Ekonomisi Japonya, Çin ve Güney Kore’de Kalkınma, Siyaset ve Jeostrateji. Ed. K. Ali Akkemik- Sadık Ünay. 227-237. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, (2015).
  • UNDP, United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report 2005, International Cooperation at a Crossroads: Aid, Trade and Security in an Unequal World, New York: United Nations Development Programme, (2005). https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents//human-development-report-2005-english.human-development-report-2005-english
  • UNDP, United Nations Development Programme, “Human Development Report 2013. The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World”, New York: United Nations Development Programme, (2013). https://www.undp.org/egypt/publications/human-development-report-2013-rise-south-human-progress-diverse-world
  • World Bank Databases, https://data.worldbank.org/, Retrieved from (11.09.2022).
  • Yavuz, Serkan. Uluslararası Ticaret Açısından Türkiye Güney Kore Karşılaştırılmasında İnovasyon Etkisi, İstanbul: Marmara University, Social Sciences Institute, Unpublished Master’s Thesis, (2018).
  • YeungLamKo, Louis. “The Economic Development of Mauritius Since Independence,” Sydney NSW, (1998), 1–29.
  • Yülek, Murat A. “Kalkınma Tartışmalarında Japon Modelinin Yükselişi. Düşüşü ve Tekrar Yükselişi”. Doğu Asya’nın Politik Ekonomisi Japonya, Çin ve Güney Kore’de Kalkınma, Siyaset ve Jeostrateji. Ed. K. Ali Akkemik- Sadık Ünay. 132-162. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, (2015).
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Anwar Seman Kedir 0000-0001-7556-5426

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Nisan 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kedir, A. S. (2023). Developmental States in Africa: The Mauritian Miracle. Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi, 18(1), 123-140. https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1241322

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