Differentiated Integration in the EU Regarding the Migration Crisis: Disputes Between the Member States

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 81 - 92, 20.04.2024

Buket Ökten Sipahioğlu

https://doi.org/10.17550/akademikincelemeler.1326947

Öz

The European Union (EU) has been challenged by several crises lately. In addition to Brexit, the Euro crisis, and the migration crisis; global issues such as the coronavirus pandemic and the Russian attack on Ukraine affected the EU. The migration crisis, on the one hand, differs from the above-mentioned crises with one remarkable feature. The member states have no real consensus about forming a common migration policy. Besides, for geographic reasons, some member states put much more burden on immigrants. Agreeing on immigration becomes impossible for the border countries on the migration route and also transit countries. The paper argues that, unlike the other crises of the EU, the migration crisis reinforces EU integration in such a way that disputes between member states prevent the EU from making institutional changes about the issue. The study results assume that the other above-mentioned crises, on the other hand, stimulated institutional change throughout the EU. In light of this information, this study evaluates, using a method of relevant literature review and comparing the arguments of the researchers, how the migration issue became a subject of dispute between member states by evaluating the 2015 crisis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union, Crisis, Migration Crisis, Differentiated Integration, Member States

Göç Krizine İlişkin AB'de Farklılaştırılmış Entegrasyon: Üye Devletler Arasındaki Anlaşmazlıklar

Öz

Avrupa Birliği (AB) son zamanlarda birçok krizle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Brexit, Euro krizi ve göç krizinin yanı sıra; Koronavirüs pandemisi ve Rusya'nın Ukrayna'ya saldırısı gibi küresel sorunlar AB'yi etkilemiştir. Göç krizi, bir yandan dikkat çekici bir özelliğiyle yukarıda bahsedilen krizlerden ayrılmaktadır. Üye devletlerin ortak bir göç politikası oluşturma konusunda gerçek bir fikir birliği yoktur. Ayrıca, coğrafi nedenlerle, bazı üye devletler göçmenler konusunda çok daha fazla yük çekmektedir. Göç yolu üzerindeki sınır ülkeleri ve ayrıca transit ülkeler için göç konusunda anlaşmak imkansız hale gelmektedir. Makale, AB'nin diğer krizlerinden farklı olarak, göç krizinin AB bütünleşmesini, üye devletler arasındaki anlaşmazlıkların AB'nin konuyla ilgili kurumsal değişiklikler yapmasını engelleyecek şekilde güçlendirdiğini savunmaktadır. Çalışma sonuçları, yukarıda belirtilen diğer krizlerin ise AB çapında kurumsal değişimi teşvik ettiğini varsaymaktadır. Bu bilgiler ışığında bu çalışma, ilgili literatür taraması yöntemiyle ve araştırmacıların argümanlarını karşılaştırarak, 2015 krizini değerlendirerek göç konusunun üye devletler arasında nasıl bir tartışma konusu haline geldiğini değerlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Kriz, Göç Krizi, Farklılaştırılmış Entegrasyon, Üye Devletler

Kaynakça

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