Oksidatif Stres, Ateroskleroz ve Diyet Önerileri

Öz

ÖZ Ateroskleroz, arterlerin içerisinde plak birikimiyle birlikte damar endotelinde kalınlaşma ve sertleşmeyi ifade eden kronik inflamatuar bir hastalıktır. Hastalığın patogenezinde oksidatif stres sonucunda lipoproteinlerin oksidasyonuyla okside LDL (ox-LDL) oluşumu ilk aşama olarak görülmektedir. Oksidatif stres, reaktif oksijen türlerinin (ROS) artması ve/veya vücudun antioksidan savunma sistemlerinin azalması yönünde dengesizlik olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Oksidatif stres sonucunda oluşan ox-LDL, endotel fonksiyonunda bozulma, Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) gibi çeşitli adezyon moleküllerinin çoğalması, nitrik oksidin (NO) azalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Artmış adezyon molekülleri sonucunda monositler damar intimasına girmekte ve burada ox-LDL’ler ile makrofajlara dönüşmektedirler. Sonraki aşamada düz kas hücrelerinin göçü ve köpük hücre oluşumu görülmektedir. Köpük hücrelerin kan damarlarında çökmesiyle plak oluşumu gerçekleşmektedir. Tüm bu ateroskleroz sürecini başlatan oksidatif stres vücutta doğal olarak metabolizma sonucunda oluştuğu gibi çeşitli hastalıklar ve çevresel etkenler bu durumu daha da arttırabilmektedir. Oksidatif stres ve ateroskleroz gelişimde rol oynayan diyet, sigara, alkol gibi çevresel etkenler içerisinden en önemlilerinden biri diyettir. Oksidatif stres ve ateroskleroz gelişiminin önlenmesinde Akdeniz diyeti içeriğindeki besinlerden gelen polifenoller, antioksidanlar, diyet posası ve sağlıklı yağlar ile yarar sağlayacaktır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Oksidatif Stres; Ateroskleroz; Antioksidan; Beslenme

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Oksidatif Stres; Ateroskleroz; Antioksidan; Beslenme

Oxidative Stress, Atherosclerosis and Dietary Recommendations

Abstract

ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, refers to the thickening and hardening of the vascular endothelium with plaque accumulation in the arteries. In the disease pathogenesis, the formation of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) by oxidation of lipoproteins due to oxidative stress is seen as the first stage. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance in the direction of the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and / or the decrease in the antioxidant defense systems of the body. Ox-LDL which is occur as a result of oxidative stress, causes to deterioration in endothelial function, proliferation of adhesion molecules such as Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (VCAM-1) causes a decrease in nitric oxide (NO). Increased adhesion molecules, monocytes enter the vascular intima and turn into macrophages with ox-LDLs. The next stage is the migration of smooth muscle cells and foam cell formation. Plaque formation occurs as foam cells collapse in blood vessels. Oxidative stress that initiates all this atherosclerosis process occurs naturally due to metabolism in the body, and various diseases and environmental factors can further escalate this situation. Diet is one of the most important environmental factors such as diet, smoking and alcohol that play a role in the development of oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. In the prevention of oxidative stress and atherosclerosis, it will be beneficial with the polyphenols, antioxidants, dietary fiber and healthy fats coming from the foods in the Mediterranean diet. Key Words: Oxidative Stress; Atherosclerosis; Antioxidant; Nutrition

Keywords

• Oxidative Stress
• Atherosclerosis
• Antioxidant
• Nutrition

Kaynakça

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