Geleneksel Derleme: Dermatoloji ve Kozmetolojide Eksozomlar

Koray Durmaz; Pınar Öztaş

doi:10.53394/akd.1561792

TR EN

Geleneksel Derleme: Dermatoloji ve Kozmetolojide Eksozomlar

Öz

ÖZ Biyolojik sürecin işlemesi ve dış çevresel uyaranlara maruz kalmak cilt yaşlanmasına, dispigmentasyona, saç dökülmesine ve çeşitli immunite aracılı hastalıklara yol açabilir. Geleneksel tedaviler kozmetik dermatolojide istenen sonuçların elde edilmesinde yeterli olmamaktadır. Eksozomlar, çeşitli hücre tipleri tarafından salınan çift katmanlı lipitle çevrili nanoveziküllerdir. Bu biyoaktif kesecikler, hücreler arası iletişimde ve diğer bazı fizyolojik ve patolojik süreçlerde önemli roller oynar. Lipidler, nükleik asitler ve proteinler dahil olmak üzere biyoaktif maddeler için taşıyıcı görevleri bulunur, hücre içermeyen bir tedavi seçeneği olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Eksozomların terapötik değeri, hücrelerin mikro çevresini modüle etme, gen ekspresyonunu düzenleme ve cilt sağlığı üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olabilecek hücre farklılaşmasını indükleme yeteneklerinde yatmaktadır. Araştırmalara göre eksozomlar yaşlanmayı önlemede ve yara iyileşmesini hızlandırmada etkilidirler. Eksozomlar cilt yaralarında doku rejenerasyonunu teşvik etmek ve sistemik lupus eritematozus, psoriasis, atopik dermatit, sistemik skleroz, pigment regülasyonu, vitiligo ve saç büyümesi gibi dermatolojik hastalıkları tedavi etmek için kullanılmıştır. Kozmetik açıdan eksozomlar, kırışıklıkları azaltmak, cilt dokusunu ve nemini iyileştirmek ve cilt elastikiyetini arttırmanın yanı sıra UV radyasyonunun neden olduğu inflamasyon ve hücresel hasarı azaltmada kullanılmıştır. Dahası, gelecekte potansiyel uygulamalarını destekleyecek çalışmalarla kullanım alanlarının genişlemesi tahmin edilmektedir. Bu derlemede esas olarak eksozomların çeşitli dermatolojik hastalıkların tanı ve tedavi sürecindeki rolüne, klinik uygulamalarına ve kozmetik prosedürlerdeki yerine odaklanılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Traditional Review: Exosomes in Dermatology and Cosmetology

Abstract

ABSTRACT The functioning of biological processes and exposure to environmental stimuli can lead to a number of dermatological conditions, including skin ageing, dyspigmentation, hair loss and various immune-mediated diseases. It has been demonstrated that conventional treatments are inadequate for achieving the desired outcomes in the field of cosmetic dermatology. Exosomes are double-layered lipid-enclosed nanovesicles released by various cell types. These bioactive vesicles play a pivotal role in intercellular communication and a multitude of physiological and pathological processes. They function as carriers for bioactive substances, including lipids, nucleic acids and proteins, and are emerging as a cell-free treatment option. The therapeutic value of exosomes lies in their capacity to modulate the microenvironment of cells, regulate gene expression and induce cell differentiation, which can have a beneficial impact on skin health. The available evidence suggests that exosomes are effective in preventing the aging process and accelerating wound healing. Exosomes have been employed to facilitate tissue regeneration in skin wounds and to treat a range of dermatological conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, systemic sclerosis, pigment regulation, vitiligo and hair growth. In the field of cosmetics, exosomes have been employed to diminish the appearance of wrinkles, enhance dermal texture and moisture, and augment dermal elasticity. Additionally, they have been utilized to mitigate the inflammatory response and cellular damage induced by ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, their utilisation is anticipated to increase in the future, with studies indicating their potential applications. This review will mainly focus on the role of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of various dermatologic diseases, their clinical applications and their place in cosmetic procedures.

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Kaynakça

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