Diyabetik Maküler Ödem Olgularında Optik Koherens Tomografideki Hiperreflektif Noktalar

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 16 - 21, 01.01.2022

Mahmut Kaya Sibel Doğuizi Çağrı İlhan

https://doi.org/10.53394/akd.1037389

Öz

ÖZ
Amaç: Diyabetik maküler ödem (DMÖ) tanısı ile takip edilen olguların optik koherens tomografi (OKT) bulgularını incelemek ve bu bulgular ile olguların kliniği arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada DMÖ olgularının tıbbi kayıtları incelendi. İç limitan membran ile dış nükleer tabaka arasındaki hiperreflektif noktaları iç, daha dış katmanlardaki hiperreflektif noktalar ise dış katlardaki hiperreflektif noktalar olarak gruplandırıldı. Bir başka gruplama ise OKT’de elipsoid zonun (EZ) ve dış limitan membranın (DLM) düzenli bir görünümünün olup olmadığına göre yapıldı.
Bulgular: 125 olgunun 167 gözü incelendi. Hiperreflektif noktalar %94,6 olguda iç retinal katlarda iken %57,5 olguda dış retinal katlarda idi. %15,6 olguda EZ bozukluğu mevcut iken yine %15,6 olguda DLM bozukluğu mevcuttu. En iyi düzeltilmiş görme keskinliği (EİDGK) iç ve dış retinal tabakalarda hiperreflektif nokta bulunan olgularda ve EZ ve DLM bozukluğu bulunan olgularda anlamlı şekilde daha düşüktü (tamamında p<0,001). Dış retinal katmanlardaki hiperreflektif nokta varlığında EZ ve DLM’nin bozuk olma olasılığının yüksek olduğu (p<0,001), fakat iç retinal katmanlardaki hiperreflektif nokta varlığında EZ ve DLM’deki bozulma olasılığının artmadığı görüldü (p>0,05).
Sonuç: DMÖ’de hiperreflektif noktalar iç retinal tabakalarda daha sıktır. Hem iç hem de dış retinal tabakalardaki hiperreflektif noktalar düşük görme keskinliği ile ilişkiliyken, sadece dış retinal tabakalardaki hiperreflektif noktaların varlığı EZ ve DLM bozuklukları ile ilişkilidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dış limitan membran, Diyabetik maküler ödem, Elipsoid zon, Hiperreflektif nokta, Optik koherens tomografi

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dış limitan membran, Diyabetik maküler ödem, Elipsoid zon, Hiperreflektif nokta, Optik koherens tomografi

Hyperreflective Spots in Optical Coherence Tomography in Subjects with Diabetic Macular Edema

Öz

ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate optic coherence tomography (OCT) findings of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to analyze the relationship between these findings and the clinics.
Methods:In this study, medical records of DME cases were investigated.Hyperreflective spots between inner limiting membrane and outer nuclear layer were determined as hyperreflective spots in inner layers, and those beyond outer nuclear layer were determined as hyperreflective points in outer layers.Another grouping was made according to whether ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) had a regular appearance in OCT.
Results:167-eyes of 125-cases were evaluated.Hyperreflective spots were in the inner retinal layers in 94.6% of the cases, while they were in the outer retinal layers in 57.5%.EZ disruption was present in 15.6% of the cases and ELM disruption was present in 15.6% of the cases.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly lower in the cases had hyperreflective spots in the inner or outer retinal layers, or had EZ or ELM disruptions (p<0.001, for all).In the presence of hyperreflective spots in the outer retinal layers, the probability of disruption in EZ and ELM was high (p<0.001), but probability of disruption in EZ and ELM did not increase in the presence of hyperreflective spots in the inner retinal layers (p>0.05).
Conclusion:In DME, hyperreflective spots are more common in the inner retinal layers.Hyperrefective spots in both inner and outer retinal layers are associated with low visual acuity, while only the presence of hyperreflective spots in the outer retinal layers is associated with EZ and ELM disruptions.
Key Words: Diabetic macular edema, Ellipsoid zone, External limiting membrane, Hyperreflective spot, Optical coherence tomography

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetic macular edema, Ellipsoid zone, External limiting membrane, Hyperreflective spot, Optical coherence tomography

Kaynakça

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