Growth and Effect of Nutrition on Growth in Farm Animals

Yıl 1996, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 203 - 211, 01.12.1996

M. Mustafa Ertürk Nihat Özen

Öz

The word growth implies a rate, an inerease in size over time. This quantity can be measured in terms of weight of the whole body, or of organs and tissues. Potential body composition at maturity, and the optimum path by which to reach that composition, are defined by the animal's genes, but in praetise this potential is rarely achived since intake is often constrained by properties of the feed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Growth and Nutrition, Farm Animals, body composition

Çiftlik Hayvanlarında Büyüme ve Beslemenin Büyüme Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Büyüme vücutta, hacimsel olarak meydana gelen ve zamanla sona eren artış oranı şeklinde tanımlanır. Bu artış; tüm vücudun veya organ ve dokuların ağırlığı şeklinde ölçülebilmektedir. Ergin çağda beklenen vücut kompozisyonu ve bu kompozisyona ulaşılıncaya kadar meydana gelen tüm olaylar genler tarafından kontrol edilmekle beraber, dengesiz beslenmeden ileri gelen sorunlar nedeniyle, pratikte bu potansiyele her zaman ulaşılamamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çiftlik Hayvanları, Büyüme ve Besleme, body composition

Kaynakça

• 1. Gill, M. ve Oîdharmn, J.D. Growth, Quantitative Aspects of Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. Edited by J.M. Forbes, J. France. C.A.B. International. 17, 383- 403 ,1993
• 2. Şenel, H.S. Hayvan Besleme. İstanbul Üni Vet. Fak. Yay. Rek. No: 3210, Dek.No:5, V+381 s„ 1986.
• 3. Forbes, J.M. Voluntary Food Intakes and Diet Selection in Farm Animals. Chapter 8, Growth and Fattening, 152-185. CAB International, 1995.
• 4. Ensminger, M.E., J.E. Oldfield ve W.W. Heinemann. Feeds & Nutrition. Second Ed, The Ensminger Publishing Company, USA, 1990.
• 5. Hafez, E.S.E. Introduction to Animal Growth. Hafez, E.S.E. ve I.A. Dyer (Editors), 1969. Animal Growth and Nutrition. Lea and Febiger, X+402 s., 1969.
• 6. Gross, RJ. Adaptive Growth. New York Academic Press. Alınmıştır: Hafez, E.S.E., 1969. Introduction to Animal Growth. Chapter 1, 1-24. Hafez, E.S.E. ve I.A. Dyer (Editors), 1969. Animal Growth and Nutrition. Lea and Febiger, X+402 s., 1964
• 7. Özen, N. Besi Sığırlarının Beslenmesi ve Sığır Besisi Basılmamış ders notu. Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Zootekni Bölümü, 1996.
• 8. ErtuğruL M. Küçükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme Uygulamaları. Ankara Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yay.. 1211, Yardımcı ders kitabı: 348. III+146 s, 1991.
• 9. Watkins,J.L., Sherritt. G.W, ve Ziegler, J.H. Predicting Body Tissue Characteristics Using Ultrasonic Techniques. J.Amin Sci. 26:470-473, 1967.
• 10. Leat, W.M.F. The Pool of Tissue Constituents and Products: Adipose Tissue and Structural Lipids. P.M. Riis (Editor). Dynamic Biochemistry of Animal Production. World Animal Science, A3 Chapter 6, 109-136, Elsevier, 1983.
• 11. Johnson, H.D. Bioclimate Effects on Growth, Reproduction and Milk Production. A. Neimann-Sorensen ve D.E. Tribe (Editors). World Animal Science B5, Disciplinar Approach, Bioclimatology and the Adaption of Livestock, 1987.
• 12. Ames, D.R. ve Brink, D.R. Effect of Temperature on Lamb Performance and Protein Efficiency Ratio. J,Anim. Sci., 44:136-140, 1977.
• 13. Topps, J.H. Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Parasitism. Rook, J.A.F. ve Thomas, P.C. (Editors). Nutritional Physiology of Farm Animals. First Publ., Sec. 3,17, 670-683,1983.
• 14. Crampton, E.W. ve Harris, L.E. Applied Animal Nutrition, The Use of Feedstuff in the Formulation of Livestock Rations. 2nd Ed., Chapter 6, 137-164. A series of Books in Agriculral Science, 1969.
• 15. Riis, P.M. The Pools of Tisue Constituents and Products: Proteins. Chapter 5, 75-108. Riis, P.M. (Editor). Dynamic Biochemistry of Animal Production. World Animal Sci., A3, Elsevier, 1983.
• 16. Church, D.C. ve Fontenot, J.P. Nitrogen Metabolism and Requirements. Chapter 3, 25-55. Churh, D.C. (Editor). Digestive Physiology and Nutrition of Ruminants. Vol 2- Nutrition, Sec. Ed., 1984.
• 17. Torun B. Energy-Nutrient Interactions. Bodwell, C.E. ve Erdman, Jr. J.W. (Editors) Nutrients interactions, ift Basic Symposium Series. Edited by Institute of Food Technologists. 1,1-24, 1988.
• 18. Georgievskii, V.I., Annenkov, B.N. ve Samokhin, V.I.. Mineral Nutrition af Animals. Butterworths, VII+475 s., 1982.
• 19. Delpeeh, P. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. D, 263, 1735-1738. Alınmıştır: Georgievskii, V. L, B.N. Annenkov, V.I. Samokhin., 1982. Mineral Nutrition af Animals. Butterworths, 1966.