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Social Cure: Effects of Social Identity on Well-Being

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 9, 44 - 57, 28.05.2021

Öz

It is supported by the literature that social group memberships play an important role in improving physical and psychological health. Social identities gained from belonging to social groups, positively affect the psychological and physical condition of the individual by giving meaning and support. This effect increases the belief that group membership constitutes a “Social Cure”. Although social identity has negative effects such as prejudice and in-group bias in the context of us and others, the social cure approach highlights the contributions of social identity to physical and psychological well-being. This study aims to reveal the effect of social identity that stems from belonging to a group, strengthens people and group lives beyond the negative effects.

Kaynakça

  • Allport, G. W. (1954). The Nature of Prejudice, Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Baumeister, R. F. ve Leary M. R. (1995). The Need To Belong: Desire For Interpersonal Attachments As A Fundamental Human Motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
  • Best, D., Beckwith, M., Haslam, C., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Mawson, E., ve Lubman, D., I. (2016). Overcoming Alcohol And Other Drug Addiction As A Process Of Social Identity Transition: The Social Identity Model Of Recovery (SIMOR). Addiction Research & Theory, 24 (2), 111-123.
  • Bizumic, B., Reynolds, K. J., Turner, J. C., Bromhead, D., ve Subasic, E. (2009). The Role Of The Group in Individual Functioning: School Identification and The Psychological Well-Being Of Staff And Students, Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 171-192.
  • Boden-Albala, B. Litwak, E., Elkind, M. S. V., Rundek, T., ve Sacco, R. L. (2005). Social Isolation And Outcomes Post Stroke. Neurology, 64, 1888–1892.
  • Boden-Albala, B., Tehranifar, P., Stillman, J., ve Paik, M. C. (2011). Social Network Types and Acute Stroke Preparedness Behavior. Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra, 1 (1), 75-83.
  • Brown, S. L., Nesse, R. M., Vinokur, A. D., ve Smith, D. M. (2003). Providing Support May Be More Beneficial Than Receiving It: Results From A Prospective Study Of Mortality. Psychological Science, 14, 320-327.
  • Cassidy, T. (2009). Bullying and Victimisation in School Children: The Role Of Social Identity, Problem-Solving Style and Family and School Context. Social Psychology of Education, 12 (1), 63-76.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., ve Biswas- Diener, R. (2010). New Well-Being Measures: Short Scales To Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings, Social Indicators Research, 97 (2), 143-156.
  • Drury, J. (2012). Collective Resilience in Mass Emergencies and Disasters, (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), The Social Cure: Identity, Health and Wellbeing , 195-215, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Drury, J., Brown, R., González, R., ve Miranda, D. (2016). Emergent Social Identity and Observing Social Support Predict Social Support Provided By Survivors in A Disaster: Solidarity in The 2010 Chile Earthquake. European Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (2), 209-223.
  • Drury, J., Carter, H., Cocking, C., Ntontis, E., Tekin Guven, S., ve Amlôt, R. (2019). Facilitating Collective Resilience in The Public in Emergencies: Twelve Recommendations Based On The Social Identity, Approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 7 , 141.
  • Drury J., Cocking C., ve Reicher, S. (2009). The Nature Of Collective Resilience: Survivor Reactions To The 2005 London Bombings. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 27, 66-95.
  • Ertel, K. A., Glymour, M. M., ve Berkman, L. F. (2008). Effects Of Social Integration On Preserving Memory Function in A Nationally Representative US Elderly Population, American Journal of Public Health, 98 (7), 1215-1220.
  • Greenaway, K. H., Cruwys, T., Haslam, S. A., ve Jetten, J. (2016). Social Identities Promote Well‐Being: Because They Satisfy Global Psychological Needs, European Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (3), 294-307.
  • Haslam, C., Cruwys, T., Haslam, S. A., Dingle, G., ve Chang, M., X., L. (2016). Groups 4 Health: Evidence That A Social-İdentity İntervention That Builds and Strengthens Social Group Membership Improves Mental Health. Journal of Affective Disorders, 194, 88-195.
  • Haslam, C., Holme, A., Haslam, S. A., Iyer, A., Jetten, J., ve Williams, W., H. (2008), Maintaining Group Memberships: Social Identity Continuity Predicts Wellbeing After Stroke. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 18 (5-6), s.671–691.
  • Haslam, C., Steffens, N., K., Branscombe, N. R., Haslam, S. A., Cruwys, T., Lam, B. C., ... ve Yang, J. (2019). The Importance Of Social Groups For Retirement Adjustment: Evidence, Application and Policy Implications Of The Social Identity Model Of Identity Change. Social Issues and Policy Review, 13 (1), 93-124.
  • Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., O’Brien, A., ve Jacobs, E. (2004). Social Identity, Social Influence, and Reactions To Potentially Stressful Tasks: Support For The Self- Categorization Model Of Stress. Stress and Health, 20, 3–9.
  • Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Postmes, T., ve Haslam, C. (2009), Social Identity, Health and Well-Being: An Emerging Agenda For Ppplied Psychology. Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 1-23.
  • Haslam, S. A., O’Brien, A., Jetten, J., Vormedal, K., ve Penna, S. (2005). Taking The Strain: Social İdentity, Social Support and The Experience Of Stress. British Journal of Social Psychology, 44, 355–370.
  • Haslam, S. A., ve Reicher, S.D. (2006). Stressing The Group: Social Identity and The Unfolding Dynamics Of Stress. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1037–1052.
  • Haslam, S. A., Reicher, S. D., ve Levine, M. (2012), When Other People Are Heaven, When Other People Are Hell: How Social Identity Determines The Nature and Impact Of Social Support. (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), The Social Cure: Identity, Health and Well-being, s.157-174. Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Hogan, D. P., ve Biratu, B. (2004). Social Identity and Community Effects On Contraceptive Use and Intentions in Southern Ethiopia. Studies in Family Planning, 35, 79–90.
  • Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., ve Layton, J. B. (2010), Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-Analytic Review. PLoS Medicine, 7 (7), e1000316.
  • Iyer, A., Jetten, J., Tsivrikos, D., Postmes, T., ve Haslam, S. A. (2009). The More (and The More Compatible) The Merrier: Multiple Group Memberships and Identity Compatibility As Predictors Of Adjustment After Life Transitions. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48 (4), 707-733.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., ve Haslam, S. A. (2012). Social Identity, Health and Well- Being, (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), Social Cure: Identity, Health and Well-being , s.3-21, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, S. A., Cruwys, T., Greenaway, K. H., Haslam, C., ve Steffens, N. K. (2017). Advancing The Social Identity Approach To Health and Well‐ Being: Progressing The Social Cure Research Agenda. European Journal of Social Psychology, 47 (7), 89-802.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., Haslam, S. A., Dingle, G., ve Jones, J. M. (2014). How Groups Affect Our Health And Well‐Being: The Path From Theory To Policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 8 (1), 103-130.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., Haslam, S.A., ve Branscombe, N.R. (2009). The Social Cure, Scientific American Mind, 26-33.
  • Jetten, J., ve Pachana, N. (2012). Not Wanting To Grow Old: A Social İdentity Model Of Identity Change (SIMIC) Analysis of driving cessation among older adults. (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), Social cure: Identity, Health and Wellbeing, s.97-114, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Jones, J. M., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Williams, W. H., Morris, R., ve Saroyan, S. (2011). That Which Doesn’t Kill Us Can Aake Us Stronger (and More Satisfied With Life): The Contribution Of Personal and Social Changes To Well-Being After Acquired Brain Injury. Psychology and Health, 26 (3), 353-369.
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Lazarus, R. S., ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York. Springer.
  • 56 Sosyal Kür: Sosyal Kimliğin İyi Olma Hali Üzerine Etkileri Levine, R.M., ve Reicher, S.D. (1996). Making Sense Of Symptoms: Self- Categorization and The Meaning Of Illness And Injury. British Journal of Social Psychology, 35 , 245–256.
  • Levine, M., Cassidy, C., Brazier, G., ve Reicher, S. (2002). Self‐Categorization and Bystander Non‐Intervention: Two Experimental Studies. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32 (7), 1452-1463.
  • Levine, R.M., Prosser, A., Evans, D., ve Reicher, S.D. (2005). Identity and Emergency Intervention: How Social Group Membership and Inclusiveness Of Group Boundaries Shapes Helping Behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 443–453.
  • Muldoon, O. T., Walsh, R. S., Curtain, M., Crawley, L., ve Kinsella, E. L. (2019). Social Cure and Social Curse: Social Identity Resources and Adjustment To Acquired Brain Injury. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49 (6), 1272-1282.
  • Oyserman, D., Fryberg, S. A., ve Yoder, N. (2007). Identity-Based Motivation and Health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93 (6), 1011-1027.
  • Outten, H. R., Schmitt, M. T., Garcia, D. M., ve Branscombe, N. R. (2009). Coping Options: Missing Links Between Minority Group İdentification and Psychological Well, Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 146-170.
  • Putnam, R.D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon ve Schuster.
  • Reicher, S., Cassidy, C., Wolpert, I., Hopkins, N., ve Levine, M. (2006). Saving Bulgaria’s Jews: An Analysis Of Social Identity and The Mobilisation Of Social Solidarity. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36 (1), 49-72.
  • Shor, E., Roelfs, D. J., & Yogev, T. (2013). The Strength Of Family Ties: A Meta- Analysis and Meta-Regression Of Self-Reported Social Support and Mortality. Social Networks, 35 (4), 626–638.
  • Taylor, S. E., Peplau, L. A., ve Sears, D. O. (2007). Sosyal Psikoloji, 1. baskı, Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Tajfel, H. (1974). Social Identity And İntergroup Behaviour. Social Science Information, 13 (2), s.65-93.
  • Tajfel, H., ve Turner, J. C. (1986). The Social Identity Theory Of Intergroup Behavior. (Eds: S. Worchel and W. G. Austin), Psychology of Intergroup Relations s. 33-48. Chicago IL: Nelson-Hall.
  • Tajfel, H., ve Turner, J. C. (1979). An Integrative Theory Of Intergroup Conflict. (Eds.: W.G. Austin and S. Worchel, The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations s. 33-47. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Turner, J. C. (1975). Social Comparison and Social Identity: Some Prospects For Intergroup Behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 5-34.
  • Turner, J. C. (1982). Towards A Cognitive Redefinition Of The Social Group. (Eds.: H. Tajfel), Social Identity and Intergroup Relations, s.15–40, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Turner, J. C. ve Oakes, P. J. (1986). The Significance Of The Social Identity Concept For Social Psychology With Reference To Individualism, Interactionism and Social Influence. British Journal of Social Psychology, 25 , 237- 252.
  • Turner, J. C., Hogg, M.A., Oakes, P., J., Reicher, S., D. ve Wetherell, M., S. (1987), Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-categorization Theory. Oxford: Blackwell. Twigger-Ross, C., Coates, T., Orr, P., Stafford, J., Ramsden, M., ve Deeming, H. (2012). Community Resilience Research: UK Case Studies, Lessons and Recommendations report to the Cabinet Office and Defence Science and Technology Laboratory.
  • Uchino, B. N. (2006). Social Support and Health: A Review Of Physiological Processes Potentially Underlying Links To Disease Outcomes. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 377–387.
  • Vezzali, L., Drury, J., Versari, A., ve Cadamuro, A. (2016). Sharing Distress Increases Helping and Contact Intentions via Social Identification and Inclusion of the Other in the Self: Children’s Prosocial Behaviour After an Earthquake. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 19 (3), 314-327.

Sosyal Kür: Sosyal Kimliğin İyi Olma Hali Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 9, 44 - 57, 28.05.2021

Öz

Sosyal grup üyeliklerinin fiziksel ve psikolojik sağlığın geliştirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı alanyazın tarafından desteklenmektedir. Sosyal gruplara ait olmaktan kazanılan sosyal kimlikler, bireylerin yaşamlarına anlam ve destek vererek bireyin psikolojik ve fiziksel durumunu olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Bu etki, grup üyeliklerinin “Sosyal Kür” oluşturduğu görüşüne inancı arttırmaktadır. Sosyal kimliğin her ne kadar biz ve diğerleri bağlamında önyargı, yanlılık yaratması gibi olumsuz yönde etkileri bulunsa da sosyal kür yaklaşımı, sosyal kimliğin fiziksel ve ruhsal iyiliğe sunduğu katkıları öne çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışma, bir gruba aidiyetten doğan sosyal kimliğin olumsuz etkilerinin ötesinde insanı ve grup yaşantılarını güçlendiren etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Allport, G. W. (1954). The Nature of Prejudice, Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Baumeister, R. F. ve Leary M. R. (1995). The Need To Belong: Desire For Interpersonal Attachments As A Fundamental Human Motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
  • Best, D., Beckwith, M., Haslam, C., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Mawson, E., ve Lubman, D., I. (2016). Overcoming Alcohol And Other Drug Addiction As A Process Of Social Identity Transition: The Social Identity Model Of Recovery (SIMOR). Addiction Research & Theory, 24 (2), 111-123.
  • Bizumic, B., Reynolds, K. J., Turner, J. C., Bromhead, D., ve Subasic, E. (2009). The Role Of The Group in Individual Functioning: School Identification and The Psychological Well-Being Of Staff And Students, Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 171-192.
  • Boden-Albala, B. Litwak, E., Elkind, M. S. V., Rundek, T., ve Sacco, R. L. (2005). Social Isolation And Outcomes Post Stroke. Neurology, 64, 1888–1892.
  • Boden-Albala, B., Tehranifar, P., Stillman, J., ve Paik, M. C. (2011). Social Network Types and Acute Stroke Preparedness Behavior. Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra, 1 (1), 75-83.
  • Brown, S. L., Nesse, R. M., Vinokur, A. D., ve Smith, D. M. (2003). Providing Support May Be More Beneficial Than Receiving It: Results From A Prospective Study Of Mortality. Psychological Science, 14, 320-327.
  • Cassidy, T. (2009). Bullying and Victimisation in School Children: The Role Of Social Identity, Problem-Solving Style and Family and School Context. Social Psychology of Education, 12 (1), 63-76.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., Oishi, S., ve Biswas- Diener, R. (2010). New Well-Being Measures: Short Scales To Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings, Social Indicators Research, 97 (2), 143-156.
  • Drury, J. (2012). Collective Resilience in Mass Emergencies and Disasters, (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), The Social Cure: Identity, Health and Wellbeing , 195-215, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Drury, J., Brown, R., González, R., ve Miranda, D. (2016). Emergent Social Identity and Observing Social Support Predict Social Support Provided By Survivors in A Disaster: Solidarity in The 2010 Chile Earthquake. European Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (2), 209-223.
  • Drury, J., Carter, H., Cocking, C., Ntontis, E., Tekin Guven, S., ve Amlôt, R. (2019). Facilitating Collective Resilience in The Public in Emergencies: Twelve Recommendations Based On The Social Identity, Approach. Frontiers in Public Health, 7 , 141.
  • Drury J., Cocking C., ve Reicher, S. (2009). The Nature Of Collective Resilience: Survivor Reactions To The 2005 London Bombings. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 27, 66-95.
  • Ertel, K. A., Glymour, M. M., ve Berkman, L. F. (2008). Effects Of Social Integration On Preserving Memory Function in A Nationally Representative US Elderly Population, American Journal of Public Health, 98 (7), 1215-1220.
  • Greenaway, K. H., Cruwys, T., Haslam, S. A., ve Jetten, J. (2016). Social Identities Promote Well‐Being: Because They Satisfy Global Psychological Needs, European Journal of Social Psychology, 46 (3), 294-307.
  • Haslam, C., Cruwys, T., Haslam, S. A., Dingle, G., ve Chang, M., X., L. (2016). Groups 4 Health: Evidence That A Social-İdentity İntervention That Builds and Strengthens Social Group Membership Improves Mental Health. Journal of Affective Disorders, 194, 88-195.
  • Haslam, C., Holme, A., Haslam, S. A., Iyer, A., Jetten, J., ve Williams, W., H. (2008), Maintaining Group Memberships: Social Identity Continuity Predicts Wellbeing After Stroke. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 18 (5-6), s.671–691.
  • Haslam, C., Steffens, N., K., Branscombe, N. R., Haslam, S. A., Cruwys, T., Lam, B. C., ... ve Yang, J. (2019). The Importance Of Social Groups For Retirement Adjustment: Evidence, Application and Policy Implications Of The Social Identity Model Of Identity Change. Social Issues and Policy Review, 13 (1), 93-124.
  • Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., O’Brien, A., ve Jacobs, E. (2004). Social Identity, Social Influence, and Reactions To Potentially Stressful Tasks: Support For The Self- Categorization Model Of Stress. Stress and Health, 20, 3–9.
  • Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Postmes, T., ve Haslam, C. (2009), Social Identity, Health and Well-Being: An Emerging Agenda For Ppplied Psychology. Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 1-23.
  • Haslam, S. A., O’Brien, A., Jetten, J., Vormedal, K., ve Penna, S. (2005). Taking The Strain: Social İdentity, Social Support and The Experience Of Stress. British Journal of Social Psychology, 44, 355–370.
  • Haslam, S. A., ve Reicher, S.D. (2006). Stressing The Group: Social Identity and The Unfolding Dynamics Of Stress. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 1037–1052.
  • Haslam, S. A., Reicher, S. D., ve Levine, M. (2012), When Other People Are Heaven, When Other People Are Hell: How Social Identity Determines The Nature and Impact Of Social Support. (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), The Social Cure: Identity, Health and Well-being, s.157-174. Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Hogan, D. P., ve Biratu, B. (2004). Social Identity and Community Effects On Contraceptive Use and Intentions in Southern Ethiopia. Studies in Family Planning, 35, 79–90.
  • Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., ve Layton, J. B. (2010), Social Relationships and Mortality Risk: A Meta-Analytic Review. PLoS Medicine, 7 (7), e1000316.
  • Iyer, A., Jetten, J., Tsivrikos, D., Postmes, T., ve Haslam, S. A. (2009). The More (and The More Compatible) The Merrier: Multiple Group Memberships and Identity Compatibility As Predictors Of Adjustment After Life Transitions. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48 (4), 707-733.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., ve Haslam, S. A. (2012). Social Identity, Health and Well- Being, (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), Social Cure: Identity, Health and Well-being , s.3-21, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, S. A., Cruwys, T., Greenaway, K. H., Haslam, C., ve Steffens, N. K. (2017). Advancing The Social Identity Approach To Health and Well‐ Being: Progressing The Social Cure Research Agenda. European Journal of Social Psychology, 47 (7), 89-802.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., Haslam, S. A., Dingle, G., ve Jones, J. M. (2014). How Groups Affect Our Health And Well‐Being: The Path From Theory To Policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 8 (1), 103-130.
  • Jetten, J., Haslam, C., Haslam, S.A., ve Branscombe, N.R. (2009). The Social Cure, Scientific American Mind, 26-33.
  • Jetten, J., ve Pachana, N. (2012). Not Wanting To Grow Old: A Social İdentity Model Of Identity Change (SIMIC) Analysis of driving cessation among older adults. (Eds.: J. Jetten, C. Haslam, and S. A. Haslam), Social cure: Identity, Health and Wellbeing, s.97-114, Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
  • Jones, J. M., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., Williams, W. H., Morris, R., ve Saroyan, S. (2011). That Which Doesn’t Kill Us Can Aake Us Stronger (and More Satisfied With Life): The Contribution Of Personal and Social Changes To Well-Being After Acquired Brain Injury. Psychology and Health, 26 (3), 353-369.
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1966). Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Lazarus, R. S., ve Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York. Springer.
  • 56 Sosyal Kür: Sosyal Kimliğin İyi Olma Hali Üzerine Etkileri Levine, R.M., ve Reicher, S.D. (1996). Making Sense Of Symptoms: Self- Categorization and The Meaning Of Illness And Injury. British Journal of Social Psychology, 35 , 245–256.
  • Levine, M., Cassidy, C., Brazier, G., ve Reicher, S. (2002). Self‐Categorization and Bystander Non‐Intervention: Two Experimental Studies. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32 (7), 1452-1463.
  • Levine, R.M., Prosser, A., Evans, D., ve Reicher, S.D. (2005). Identity and Emergency Intervention: How Social Group Membership and Inclusiveness Of Group Boundaries Shapes Helping Behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 443–453.
  • Muldoon, O. T., Walsh, R. S., Curtain, M., Crawley, L., ve Kinsella, E. L. (2019). Social Cure and Social Curse: Social Identity Resources and Adjustment To Acquired Brain Injury. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49 (6), 1272-1282.
  • Oyserman, D., Fryberg, S. A., ve Yoder, N. (2007). Identity-Based Motivation and Health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93 (6), 1011-1027.
  • Outten, H. R., Schmitt, M. T., Garcia, D. M., ve Branscombe, N. R. (2009). Coping Options: Missing Links Between Minority Group İdentification and Psychological Well, Applied Psychology, 58 (1), 146-170.
  • Putnam, R.D. (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon ve Schuster.
  • Reicher, S., Cassidy, C., Wolpert, I., Hopkins, N., ve Levine, M. (2006). Saving Bulgaria’s Jews: An Analysis Of Social Identity and The Mobilisation Of Social Solidarity. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36 (1), 49-72.
  • Shor, E., Roelfs, D. J., & Yogev, T. (2013). The Strength Of Family Ties: A Meta- Analysis and Meta-Regression Of Self-Reported Social Support and Mortality. Social Networks, 35 (4), 626–638.
  • Taylor, S. E., Peplau, L. A., ve Sears, D. O. (2007). Sosyal Psikoloji, 1. baskı, Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Tajfel, H. (1974). Social Identity And İntergroup Behaviour. Social Science Information, 13 (2), s.65-93.
  • Tajfel, H., ve Turner, J. C. (1986). The Social Identity Theory Of Intergroup Behavior. (Eds: S. Worchel and W. G. Austin), Psychology of Intergroup Relations s. 33-48. Chicago IL: Nelson-Hall.
  • Tajfel, H., ve Turner, J. C. (1979). An Integrative Theory Of Intergroup Conflict. (Eds.: W.G. Austin and S. Worchel, The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations s. 33-47. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Turner, J. C. (1975). Social Comparison and Social Identity: Some Prospects For Intergroup Behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 5-34.
  • Turner, J. C. (1982). Towards A Cognitive Redefinition Of The Social Group. (Eds.: H. Tajfel), Social Identity and Intergroup Relations, s.15–40, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Turner, J. C. ve Oakes, P. J. (1986). The Significance Of The Social Identity Concept For Social Psychology With Reference To Individualism, Interactionism and Social Influence. British Journal of Social Psychology, 25 , 237- 252.
  • Turner, J. C., Hogg, M.A., Oakes, P., J., Reicher, S., D. ve Wetherell, M., S. (1987), Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-categorization Theory. Oxford: Blackwell. Twigger-Ross, C., Coates, T., Orr, P., Stafford, J., Ramsden, M., ve Deeming, H. (2012). Community Resilience Research: UK Case Studies, Lessons and Recommendations report to the Cabinet Office and Defence Science and Technology Laboratory.
  • Uchino, B. N. (2006). Social Support and Health: A Review Of Physiological Processes Potentially Underlying Links To Disease Outcomes. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29, 377–387.
  • Vezzali, L., Drury, J., Versari, A., ve Cadamuro, A. (2016). Sharing Distress Increases Helping and Contact Intentions via Social Identification and Inclusion of the Other in the Self: Children’s Prosocial Behaviour After an Earthquake. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 19 (3), 314-327.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Meltem Güler 0000-0001-7464-5387

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Şubat 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 9

Kaynak Göster

APA Güler, M. (2021). Sosyal Kür: Sosyal Kimliğin İyi Olma Hali Üzerine Etkileri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(9), 44-57.

24084         24085           24086                 24087             24090

Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi (AKSOS)