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Leptin Resistance and Obesity

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 50 - 57, 01.03.2007

Öz

Leptin resistance and obesity are associated with reduced leptin receptors and diminished maximal leptin signaling capacity; and leptin resistance confers increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. In essence, the augmented leptin accompanying obesity contributes to leptin resistance. Leptin resistance promotes further obesity, leading to a vicious cycle of escalating metabolic devastation.

Kaynakça

  • Mantzoros CS. The Role of Leptin in Human Obesity and Disease: A Review of Current Evidence. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:671-680.
  • Zhang Y, Proenc R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L and Friedman JM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994; 372 6505, pp. 425–432.
  • Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, et al. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normalweight and obese humans. N Engl J Med 1996;334:292-5.
  • Ahima RS and Flier JS. Leptin. Annu Rev Physiol 2000; pp. 413–437.
  • Muzzin P, Eisensmith RC, Copeland KC and Woo SL. Correction of obesity and diabetes in genetically obese mice by leptin gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1996; 25, pp. 14804–14808.
  • Levin BE and Dunn-Meynell AA. Reduced central leptin sensitivity in rats with diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002; 283 (4), pp. R941–R948.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M and Tumer N. Hypothalamic leptin resistance is associated with impaired leptin signal transduction in aged obese rats. Neuroscience 2001; 104 (4), pp.1111–1117.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M, Moore RL and Tumer N. Impaired leptin responsiveness in aged rats. Diabetes 2000; 49 (3), pp. 431–435.
  • El-Haschimi K, Pierroz DD, Hileman SM, Bjorbaek C and Flier JS. Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity. J Clin Invest 2000; 105 (12), pp. 1827–1832.
  • Banks WA. Enhanced leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier by alpha 1-adrenergic agents. Brain Res 2001; 899 (1–2), pp. 209–217.
  • Nonaka N, Hileman SM, Shioda S, Vo TQ and Banks WA. Effects of lipopolysaccharide on leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier. Brain Res 2004; 1016 (1), pp. 58–65.
  • Banks WA, Coon AB, Robinson SM, et al. Triglycerides induce leptin resistance at the blood–brain barrier. Diabetes 2004; 53 (5), pp. 1253–1260.
  • Banks WA, DiPalma CR and Farrell CL. Impaired transport of leptin across the blood–brain barrier in obesity. Peptides 1999; 20 (11), pp. 1341–1345.
  • Kastin AJ and Akerstrom V. Fasting, but not adrenalectomy, reduces transport of leptin into the brain. Peptides 2000; 21 (5), pp. 679–682.
  • Zhang Y and Scarpace PJ. The role of leptin in leptin resistance and obesity. Physiol Behav 2006; 30;88(3):249-56.
  • Darnell Jr JE. STATs and gene regulation. Science 1997; 277 (5332), pp. 1630–1635.
  • Bates SH, Stearns WH, Dundon TAM, et al. STAT3 signalling is required for leptin regulation of energy balance but not reproduction. Nature 2003; pp. 856–859.
  • Wilsey J and Scarpace PJ. Caloric restriction reverses the deficits in leptin receptor protein and leptin signaling capacity associated with diet-induced obesity: role of leptin in the regulation of hypothalamic long-form leptin receptor expression. J Endocrinol 181 2004; (2), pp. 297–306.
  • Wilsey J, Zolotukhin S, Prima V and Scarpace PJ. Central leptin gene therapy fails to overcome leptin resistance associated with diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 285 2003; (5), pp. R1011–R1020.
  • Zhang Y, Matheny M, Tumer N and Scarpace PJ. Aged-obese rats exhibit robust responses to a melanocortin agonist and antagonist despite leptin resistance. Neurobiol Aging 25 2004; (10), pp. 1349–1360.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M, Zolotukhin S, Tumer N and Zhang Y. Leptin-induced leptin resistant rats exhibit enhanced responses to the melanocortin agonist MT II. Neuropharmacology 45 2003; (2), pp. 211–219.
  • Frederich RC, Hamann A, Anderson S, Lollmann B, Lowell BB and Flier JS. Leptin levels reflect body lipid content in mice: evidence for diet-induced resistance to leptin action. Nat Med 1995; pp. 1311–1314.
  • Friedman JM and Halas JL. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals. Nature 1998; pp. 763–770.
  • Ahima RS and Osei SY. Leptin signaling. Physiol Behav 2004; pp. 223–241.
  • Lin S, Thomas TC, Storlien LH and Huang XF. Development of high fat diet-induced obesity and leptin resistance in C57Bl/6J mice. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; pp. 639–646.
  • Munzberg H, Flier JS and Bjorbaek C. Region-specific leptin resistance within the hypothalamus of diet-induced obese mice. Endocrinology 2004; (11), pp. 4880–4889.

Leptin Direnci ve Obezite

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 50 - 57, 01.03.2007

Öz

Leptin direnci ve obezite leptin reseptörlerinde düşme, maximal leptin sinyal kapasitesi ve diyetle indükte obeziteye duyarlılıktaki artış ile belirmektedir. Öz de artan leptinin obeziteye katkısı leptin direncine dayanmaktadır. Leptin direnci daha fazla obezite ile yıkıcı bir döngüye dönüşmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Mantzoros CS. The Role of Leptin in Human Obesity and Disease: A Review of Current Evidence. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:671-680.
  • Zhang Y, Proenc R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L and Friedman JM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 1994; 372 6505, pp. 425–432.
  • Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, et al. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normalweight and obese humans. N Engl J Med 1996;334:292-5.
  • Ahima RS and Flier JS. Leptin. Annu Rev Physiol 2000; pp. 413–437.
  • Muzzin P, Eisensmith RC, Copeland KC and Woo SL. Correction of obesity and diabetes in genetically obese mice by leptin gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1996; 25, pp. 14804–14808.
  • Levin BE and Dunn-Meynell AA. Reduced central leptin sensitivity in rats with diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2002; 283 (4), pp. R941–R948.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M and Tumer N. Hypothalamic leptin resistance is associated with impaired leptin signal transduction in aged obese rats. Neuroscience 2001; 104 (4), pp.1111–1117.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M, Moore RL and Tumer N. Impaired leptin responsiveness in aged rats. Diabetes 2000; 49 (3), pp. 431–435.
  • El-Haschimi K, Pierroz DD, Hileman SM, Bjorbaek C and Flier JS. Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity. J Clin Invest 2000; 105 (12), pp. 1827–1832.
  • Banks WA. Enhanced leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier by alpha 1-adrenergic agents. Brain Res 2001; 899 (1–2), pp. 209–217.
  • Nonaka N, Hileman SM, Shioda S, Vo TQ and Banks WA. Effects of lipopolysaccharide on leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier. Brain Res 2004; 1016 (1), pp. 58–65.
  • Banks WA, Coon AB, Robinson SM, et al. Triglycerides induce leptin resistance at the blood–brain barrier. Diabetes 2004; 53 (5), pp. 1253–1260.
  • Banks WA, DiPalma CR and Farrell CL. Impaired transport of leptin across the blood–brain barrier in obesity. Peptides 1999; 20 (11), pp. 1341–1345.
  • Kastin AJ and Akerstrom V. Fasting, but not adrenalectomy, reduces transport of leptin into the brain. Peptides 2000; 21 (5), pp. 679–682.
  • Zhang Y and Scarpace PJ. The role of leptin in leptin resistance and obesity. Physiol Behav 2006; 30;88(3):249-56.
  • Darnell Jr JE. STATs and gene regulation. Science 1997; 277 (5332), pp. 1630–1635.
  • Bates SH, Stearns WH, Dundon TAM, et al. STAT3 signalling is required for leptin regulation of energy balance but not reproduction. Nature 2003; pp. 856–859.
  • Wilsey J and Scarpace PJ. Caloric restriction reverses the deficits in leptin receptor protein and leptin signaling capacity associated with diet-induced obesity: role of leptin in the regulation of hypothalamic long-form leptin receptor expression. J Endocrinol 181 2004; (2), pp. 297–306.
  • Wilsey J, Zolotukhin S, Prima V and Scarpace PJ. Central leptin gene therapy fails to overcome leptin resistance associated with diet-induced obesity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 285 2003; (5), pp. R1011–R1020.
  • Zhang Y, Matheny M, Tumer N and Scarpace PJ. Aged-obese rats exhibit robust responses to a melanocortin agonist and antagonist despite leptin resistance. Neurobiol Aging 25 2004; (10), pp. 1349–1360.
  • Scarpace PJ, Matheny M, Zolotukhin S, Tumer N and Zhang Y. Leptin-induced leptin resistant rats exhibit enhanced responses to the melanocortin agonist MT II. Neuropharmacology 45 2003; (2), pp. 211–219.
  • Frederich RC, Hamann A, Anderson S, Lollmann B, Lowell BB and Flier JS. Leptin levels reflect body lipid content in mice: evidence for diet-induced resistance to leptin action. Nat Med 1995; pp. 1311–1314.
  • Friedman JM and Halas JL. Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals. Nature 1998; pp. 763–770.
  • Ahima RS and Osei SY. Leptin signaling. Physiol Behav 2004; pp. 223–241.
  • Lin S, Thomas TC, Storlien LH and Huang XF. Development of high fat diet-induced obesity and leptin resistance in C57Bl/6J mice. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; pp. 639–646.
  • Munzberg H, Flier JS and Bjorbaek C. Region-specific leptin resistance within the hypothalamus of diet-induced obese mice. Endocrinology 2004; (11), pp. 4880–4889.
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Aşkın Hekimoğlu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2007
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2007 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Hekimoğlu A. Leptin Direnci ve Obezite. aktd. Mart 2007;16(1):50-57.