Vanadium

Abstract

Vanadium corrosion and oxidation resistant transition metal exhibits common oxidation states ranging from +2 to +5. Vanadium and vanadium compounds are used in production of nonferrous alloy steel, semiconductors, and photographic developing materials. Many vanadium compounds act as catalyst in many industrial process like production of sulfuric acid and many organic compounds. Foods are main source for humans and animals. VO31− ions predominate in extracellular body fluids whereas VO2+ ions are the most common intracellular form. Lungs absorb ionic and nonionic vanadium compounds, but the absorption of ionic compounds in gastrointestinal system is poor. Vanadium is presumably an essential trace element, however any disease has not been confirmed due to daily vanadium deficiency. Toxicity of vanadium compounds is low. Vanadium is not carcinogenic, but possibility of carcinogenic phenomenon should be considered. Elimination of excess vanadium from body is unnecessary because half-life of vanadium is low. In other words, treatment is supportive. Ascorbic acid and chelating deferoxamine and 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisülphonic acid compounds can be used against vanadium poisoning.© Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi

Keywords

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Vanadyum (021202) (9-18)

Öz

Vanadyum, çok farklı yükseltgenme basamağında bulunan, kolay yükseltgenmeyen, korozyona dayanıklı bir geçiş elementidir. Sert ve işlenebilir çelik, seramik, yarı iletken üretimi gibi birçok endüstriyel alanda vanadyum veya bileşikleri kullanılır. Sülfürik asit ve birçok organik bileşiğin üretimi gibi birçok alanda bileşikleri katalizör görevi görür. Canlılarda hücre dışı vücut sıvılarında VO31−, hücre içi vücut sıvılarında ise VO2+ formunda bulunur. Akciğerlerde çözünebilen vanadyum bileşiklerinin iyi absorbe edilmesine karşın vanadyum tuzları mide ve bağırsakta kolay emilime uğramazlar. Vanadyum muhtemelen temel bir eser element olmasına karşın vanadyum eksikliğinden dolayı herhangi bir hastalık insanlarda tespit edilememiştir. Genel olarak vanadyum bileşiklerinin toksisitesi düşüktür. Vanadyum kanserojen değildir, ancak kanserojen olma olasılığı göz önüne alınmalıdır. Yiyecekler, canlılar için esas vanadyum kaynağıdır. Genellikle vücuttaki vanadyumun fazlasını ortadan kaldırmak için yapılan önlemler gereksizdir çünkü vücutta vanadyum fazla kalmaz. Yani tedaviler destekleyicidir. Askorbik asit ve şelat oluşturucu zehirlenmesine karşı kullanılabilir. deferoksamin ve 4,5-dihidroksi-1,3-benzendisülfonik asit bileşikleri vanadyum

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Kaynakça

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