Ovicidal Effect of Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin Isolates on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 485 - 491, 27.06.2024

Mert Yılmaz Uysal Melike Obut Asiye Uzun Yiğit

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1384515

Öz

This study aimed to determine the ovicidal effect of three different doses (1x106 spore/ml, 1x107 spore/ml and 1x108 spore/ml) of Beauveria bassiana isolates BY2 (Burdur, Yeşilova), BIM-001 (Isparta, Center) and IGÇ (Isparta, Center) on Tetranychus urticae under laboratory conditions. The commercial preparation Nostalgist (Agrobest Company, Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-1) and water containing Tween 80 (0,1%) were used as control. Experiments were carried out in plastic petri dishes (9 cm) with 5 replications. Bean leaf disks (4 cm) were placed on sterile water-saturated cotton held in a Petri plate. Then, 10 adult individuals were transferred to leaf discs and allowed to lay eggs. Each petri plate was set to contain 20 eggs/leaf discs. The spore suspension of each entomopathogenic fungus isolate was applied to the leaf discs containing eggs for 10 seconds with the help of a modified device that provides spraying at 4 bar pressure. Observations started 24 hours after the application and egg deaths were recorded. As a result, 7 days after application of 1x108 spore/ml concentrations of B. bassiana BIM-001, BY2, and IGÇ isolates, the mortality rates in T. urticae eggs were determined as 71%, 66%, and 59%, respectively. Application of B. bassiana strain Bb-1 was found to be statistically significant compared to applications of other entomopathogenic fungus isolates. However, it was determined that there was no difference between the mortality rates in B. bassiana BIM-001 1x108, 1x107 spore/ml and B. bassiana BY2 1x108 spore/ml applications (p˂0.005).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Microbial control, Entomopathogenic fungus, Spore suspension, Two spotted spider mite

Proje Numarası

TBTK-0117-0114

Beauveria bassiana Vuillemin İzolatlarının Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Ovisidal Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma ile Beauveria bassiana’nın BY2 (Burdur, Yeşilova), BIM-001 (Isparta, Merkez) ve IGÇ (Isparta, Merkez) izolatlarının üç farklı dozunun (1x106 spor/ml, 1x107 spor/ml ve 1x108 spor/ml) Tetranychus urticae üzerinde ovisidal etkisinin laboratuvar koşullarında belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Ticari preparat Nostalgist (Agrobest Grup Ltd. Şti, Beauveria bassiana Bb-1 ırkı) ve kontrol olarak Tween 80 (% 0,1) içeren saf su kullanılmıştır. Denemeler plastik petrilerde (9 cm) 5 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Fasulye yaprak diskleri (4 cm) petri plakasında tutulan steril suya doymuş pamuk üzerinde yerleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra 10 ergin birey, yaprak disklere aktarılarak yumurta bırakmalarına izin verilmiştir. Her bir petri plakasında 20 yumurta/yaprak diski olacak şekilde ayarlanmıştır. Her bir entomopatojen fungus izolatına ait spor süspansiyonu 4 bar basınçta püskürtme sağlayan modifiye edilmiş bir düzenek yardımıyla 10 sn süre ile yumurta içeren yaprak disklerin üzerine uygulanmıştır. Gözlemlere uygulamadan 24 saat sonra başlanarak yumurta ölümleri kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, B. bassiana BIM-001, BY2 ve IGÇ izolatlarının 1x108 spor/ml konsantrasyonları uygulandıktan 7 gün sonra T. urticae yumurtalarında meydana gelen ölüm oranları sırasıyla %71, %66 ve %59 olarak belirlenmiştir. Beauveria bassiana strain Bb-1 uygulaması diğer entomopatojen fungus izolatlarına ait uygulamalardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte B. bassiana BIM-001 1x108, 1x107 spor/ml ve B. bassiana BY2 1x108 spor/ml uygulamalarındaki ölüm oranları arasında fark olmadığı saptanmıştır (p˂0.005).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikrobiyal mücadele, Entomopatojen fungus, Spor süspansiyonu, İki noktalı kırmızıörümcek

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Ögrencileri Arastırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı

Proje Numarası

TBTK-0117-0114

Teşekkür

2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı kapsamında çalışmayı desteklediği için TÜBİTAK Bilim İnsanı Destek Programları Başkanlığı (BİDEB)’na teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

• Abbott, W.S., 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18, 265-267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093 /jee/18.2.265a
• Adesanya, A.W., Morales, M.A., Walsh, D.B., Lavine, L.C., Lavine, M.D. and Zhu, F. 2018. Mechanisms of resistance to three mite growth inhibitors of Tetranychus urticae in hops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 108, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1017/S00 07485317000414
• Adesanya, A.W., Lavine, M.D., Moural, T.W., Lavine, L.C., Zhu, F. and Walsh, D.B., 2021. Mechanisms and management of acaricide resistance for Tetranychus urticae in agroecosystems. Journal of Pest Science, 94, 639–663. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01342-x
• Afifi, A. M., Ali, F. S., El-Saiedy, E. M. A. and Ahmed, M. M. 2015. Compatibility and integration of some control methods for controlling Tetranychus urticae Koch infesting tomoto plants. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 25 (1), 75-82.
• Al-Zahrani, J.K., Al-Abdalall, A.H., Osman, M.A., Aldakheel, L.A., AlAhmady, N.F., Aldakeel, S.A., AbdulAzeez, S., Borgio, J.F., ElNaggar, M.A., Alabdallah, N.M. and Almustafa, M.M., 2023. Entomopathogenic fungi and their biological control of Tetranychus urticae: Two-spotted spider mites. Journal of King Saud University Science, 35, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2023 .102910
• Atalay, E. and Kumral, N. A. 2013. Biolocigal features and life tables of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranycidae) on different table tomato varieties. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 37 (3), 329-342.
• Azizoğlu, U., Bulut, S. and Yılmaz, S., 2012. Organik tarımda biyolojik mücadele; entomopatojen biyoinsektisitler. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 28 (5), 375-381.
• Bostanian, N.J., Hardman, J.M., Racette, G. and Franklin, J.L., 2007. The relationship between winter egg counts of the European red mite Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae) and its summer abundance in a reduced spray orchard. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 42, 185–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-007-9078-x
• Bugeme, D.M., Knapp, M., Boga, H.I., Ekesi, S. and Maniania, N.K., 2014. Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) to infection by Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 34 (3), 190–196. https://doi.org/10 .1017 /S1742758414000381
• Calderwood, L.B., Lewins, S.A. and Darby, H.M., 2015. Survey of northeastern hop arthropod pests and their natural enemies. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 6 (1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipb m/pmv017
• Daniels, A., Maharaj, G., Ram, M. and Lakenarine, R., 2023. Biological control methods for agricultural mites: A review. Agricultural Reviews, 44 (1), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.RF-247
• De Rouck, S., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W. and Van Leeuwen, T. 2023. A review of the molecular mechanisms of acaricide resistance in mites and ticks Sander. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 156, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103981
• Devine, G.J., Barber, M. and Denholm, I., 2001. Incidence and inheritance of resistance to METI-acaricides in European strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Management Science, 57, 443-448. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.307
• Doğan Y.Ö., 2016. Entomopatojen fungusların Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae)' ye karşı etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Aydın, 39.
• Elhakim, E., Mohamed, O. and Elazouni, I., 2020. Virulence and proteolytic activity of entomopathogenic fungi against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 30 (1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-020-00227-y
• Erler, F., Ateş, A.O. and Bahar, Y., 2013. Evaluation of two entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, for the control of carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) under greenhouse conditions. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 23, 233-240.
• Gámez-Guzmán, A., Torres-Rojas, E. and Gaigl, A., 2019. Potential of a Cladosporium cladosporioides strain for the control of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) under laboratory conditions. Agronomía Colombiana, 37 (1), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v37n1.73353
• Gong, Y.J., Chen, J.C., Zhu, L., Cao, L.J., Jin, G.H., Hoffmann, A.A., Zhong, C.F., Wang, P., Lin, G. and Wei, S. J., 2018. Preference and performance of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on strawberry cultivars. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 76, 185–196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-018-0295-2
• Hassan, D.M.A., Rizk, M.A., Sobhy, H.M., Mikhail, W.Z.A. and Nada, M.S., 2017. Virulent Entomopathogenic Fungi against The Two-Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae and some Associated Predator Mites as Non Target Organisms. Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences (A Entomology), 10 (6), 37- 56. https://doi.org/10.21608/EAJB.2017.12124
• Irigaray, F.J.S., Marco-Mancebon, V. and Perez-Moreno, I., 2003. The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and its compatibility with triflumuron: effects on the twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Biological Control, 26 (2), 168-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1049-9644(02)00123-8
• Keena, M.A. and Granett, J., 1990. Genetic analysis of propargite resistance in Pacific spider mites and twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 83, 655-661. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.3.655
• Migeon, A., Nouguier, E. and Dorkeld, F., 2010. Trends in Acarology. Spider Mites Web: A Comprehensive Database for the Tetranychidae. Springer, Amsterdam, 557-560.
• Negash, R., Dawd, M. and Azerefegne, F. 2014. Pathogenecity of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, to the Two Spotted Spider Mites, Tetranychus urticae, (Acari: Tetranychidae) at different temperatures and in greenhouse condition. Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 24, 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-005-0508-3
• Njiru, C., Vandenhole, M., Jonckheere, W., Wybouw, N. and Van Leeuwen, T. 2023. The host plant strongly modulates acaricide resistance levels to mitochondrial complex II inhibitors in a multi-resistant field population of Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 196, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105591
• Pavlidi, N., Tseliou, V., Riga, M., Nauen, R., Van Leeuwen, T., Labrou, N.E. and Vontas, J. 2015. Functional characterization of glutathione S-transferases associated with insecticide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 121, 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.01.009
• Rai, D., Updhyay, V., Mehra, P., Rana, M. and Pandey, A.K. 2014. Potential of entomopathogenic fungi as biopesticides. Indian Journal of Scientific Research and Technology, 2 (5), 7-13.
• Riga, M., Tsakireli, D., Ilias, A., Morou, E., Myridakis, A., Stephanou, E.G., Nauen, R., Dermauw, W., Van Leeuwen, T., Paine, M. and Vontas, J. 2014. Abamectin is metabolized by CYP392A16, a cytochrome P450 associated with high levels of acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46, 43–53. https://doi.org/10.10 16/j.ibmb.2014.01.006
• Sato, M.E., da Silva, M.Z., Raga, A. and de Souza, F.F.M.F., 2005. Abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae): selection, cross-resistance and stability of resistance. Neotropical Entomology, 34, 991–998. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2005000600016
• Sevim, A., Sevim, E. and Demirbağ, Z., 2015. Entomopatojenik fungusların genel biyolojileri ve Türkiye’de zararlı böceklerin mücadelesinde kullanılma potansiyelleri. Erzincan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8 (1), 115-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18185/eufbed.33883
• Shi, W.B. and Feng, M.G., 2004. Lethal effect of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus on the eggs of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychidae) with a description of a mite egg bioassay system. Biological Control, 30, 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2004.01.017
• Stumpf, N. and Nauen, R., 2001. Cross-resistance, inheritance, and biochemistry of mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor-acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 94, 1577-1583. https://doi.org /10.1603/0022-0493-94.6.1577
• Wu, M., Adesanya, A.W., Morales, M.A., Walsh, D.B., Lavine, L.C., Lavine, M.D. and Zhu, F., 2019. Multiple acaricide resistance and underlying mechanisms in Tetranychus urticae on hops. Journal of Pest Science, 92, 543–555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-018-1050-5
• Wu, S., Sarkar, S.C., Lv, J., Xu, X. and Lei, Z., 2020. Poor infectivity of Beauveria bassiana to eggs and immatures causes the failure of suppression on Tetranychus urticae population. BioControl, 65, 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-019-09970-0
• Xue, W., Lu, X., Mavridis, K., Vontas, J., Jonckheere, W. and Van Leeuwen, T. 2022. The H92R substitution in PSST is a reliable diagnostic biomarker for predicting resistance to mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors of complex I in European populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 78, 3644–3653. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7007
• Zhang, L., Shi, W.B. and Feng, M.G., 2014. Histopathological and molecular insights into the ovicidal activities of two entomopathogenic fungi against two-spotted spider mite. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 117, 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2014.02.005