Türkiye’nin yenilenebilir enerji, ekonomik büyüme ve emisyonlarının değerlendirilmesi (2000-2021): MAXC ve MUTRISS modelleri ile bir karar verme yaklaşımı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin 2000-2021 yılları arasındaki yenilenebilir enerji kullanımı, ekonomik büyüme ve karbon emisyonu performansını çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerini uygulayarak incelemektedir. Ekonomik kalkınma ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerinin birlikte değerlendirilmesini sağlayan bu çalışmada, karar verme sürecinde MAXC ve MUTRISS modelleri kullanılmıştır. MAXC tabanlı analiz, ekonomik büyümeyi (GSYİH) ulusal kalkınma hedefleriyle uyumlu en etkili kriter olarak tanımlarken, çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ikincil ancak önemli bir bileşen olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın temel bir unsuru olarak vurgulanmaktadır. MUTRISS bulguları, Türkiye'nin 2004 yılında en yüksek genel performansını sergilediğini, 2007 ve 2008 yıllarında ise ekonomik gerilemelerin ve çevresel baskıların olumsuz etkilerini yansıtabilecek şekilde en düşük performans düzeylerine ulaştığını göstermektedir. Uygulanan yöntemlerin sağlamlığını doğrulamak için diğer ÇKKV teknikleriyle karşılaştırmalı analizler yapılmıştır. Spearman sıra korelasyonu sonuçları, MAXC ile Entropi, MPSI ve IDOCRIW gibi objektif ağırlıklandırma yöntemleri arasında güçlü bir uyum olduğunu ortaya koyarken, CILOS ile negatif bir korelasyon göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, MUTRISS, PIV, SAW ve CoCoSo ile orta düzeyde pozitif korelasyonlar göstererek nispeten daha düşük sıralama tutarlılığına işaret etmiştir. Bulgular, ÇKKV araçlarının metodolojik değerlendirmesine katkıda bulunmakta ve sürdürülebilirlik değerlendirmelerinde entegre ekonomik-çevresel politika yaklaşımlarının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Yenilenebilir Enerji
• MAXC ve MUTRISS Yöntemleri
• Ekonomik ve Çevresel Performans

Assessment of Türkiye’s renewable energy, economic growth, and emissions (2000-2021): A decision-making approach with MAXC and MUTRISS models

Öz

This study investigates Türkiye’s performance in renewable energy utilization, economic growth, and carbon emissions between 2000 and 2021 through the application of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. By employing MAXC and MUTRISS as decision-making models, this study facilitates the integrated assessment of economic development and environmental sustainability objectives. The MAXC-based analysis identifies economic growth (GDP) as the most influential criterion aligned with national development objectives, while environmental sustainability emerges as a secondary yet essential component. Renewable energy consumption is underscored as a fundamental element of sustainable development. The MUTRISS findings indicate that Türkiye exhibited its highest overall performance in 2004, whereas 2007 and 2008 were marked by the lowest performance levels, potentially reflecting the adverse effects of economic downturns and environmental pressures. To validate the robustness of the applied methods, comparative analyses were conducted with other MCDM techniques. Spearman rank correlation results reveal strong concordance between MAXC and objective weighting methods such as Entropy, MPSI, and IDOCRIW, while showing a negative correlation with CILOS. Conversely, MUTRISS demonstrated moderate positive correlations with PIV, SAW, and CoCoSo, indicating relatively lower ranking consistency. The findings contribute to the methodological evaluation of MCDM tools and emphasize the importance of integrated economic–environmental policy approaches in sustainability assessments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sustainable development
• Renewable energy
• MAXC and MUTRISS Methods
• Economic and Environmental Performans

Kaynakça

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