SHIFTING ROLES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

Öz

In past two decades, the local governments in the UK have been going through a profound change. Consequently, in local governments, direct provisions of services were reduced, and these were replaced instead with privatisation, more competition, and further contracting out. Moreover, quality of local government services acceleratedly increased through introduction of good governance principles and effective performance measurements. All these implementations cover a wide spectrum of change in local government services. Thus, in this paper an overview of a number of main policy areas, such as education, community care, compulsory competitive tendering, best value, and housing, will be presented in line with the ongoing policy changes in the local governments in the UK

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Local government reform,Education,Community Care,Compulsory Competitive Tendering,Best Value,Housing,the UK

SHIFTING ROLES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

Öz

Birleşik Krallık'ta, son yirmi yılda yerel yönetimlerin belirgin bir değişim süreci içinde olduğu gözlenmektedir. Söz konusu süreçte yerel yönetimlerde gözlemlenen yapısal, finansal ve yönetsel değişimlerde; doğrudan yerel kamu hizmeti verme sorumluluğunun azaldığı ve bunun yerine vatandaş odaklılığı, kaliteli hizmeti hedef alan, özel sektörü, rekabeti, iyi yönetişim ilkelerini ve performans ölçümünü benimseyen politika yaklaşımlarının yaygınlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada özellikle, yerel yönetimlerin eğitim, zorunlu rekabetçi piyasa (CCT), en iyi değer (BV), konut politikaları ve sosyal hizmetler alanlarındaki yaklaşımları, ve bu değişimlerin uygulamadaki izdüşümleri incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yerel Yönetim Reformu, Eğitim, Sosyal Hizmet, En İyi Değer, Konut, İngiltere,

Kaynakça

1. Audit Commission (1983) Performance Review in Local Government: A Handbook for Auditors and Local Authorities, London: HMSO
2. Baldock, J. (1999) “The Personnel Social Services and Community Care”, inside, The Student’s Companion to Social Policy, Ed: Alcook, P., Erskine, A., and May, M., Oxford: Blackwell.
3. Blair, T. (1997) “Next on the List: Clean up the Councils.” The Guardian. 3rd Nov.
4. Clarke, J. and Newman, J. (1997) The Managerial State, London: Sage.
5. CPS (Centre for Public Services) (1995) The Gender Impact of CCT in Local Government: Calculation of the National Costs and Savings of CCT, Sheffield: CPS.
6. Cutler, T. and Waine, B. (1994) Managing the Welfare State, London: Berg.
7. Department for Communities and Local Governments (DCLG) (2010) Varia Policy Papers, Regulations and Statistics, Her Majesty’s Government, the UK, London. Accessible through official government site http://www.communities.gov.uk 2006, White Paper on Strong and Prosperous Communities 2007, Local Government and Public Involvement in Health Act 2007, Sustainable Communities Act. 2008, White Paper on Communities in control, Real people, real power. 2008, The Strategic Housing Role of Local Authorities: Powers and Duties. 2008-2009, Best Value User Satisfaction Surveys 2008, The Children’s Plan – One Year On, 2009, The Children’s Plan – Two Years On 2009, Putting the Frontline First. 2010, The Sustainable Communities (Amendment) Bill. UK Local government statistics. Various years.
8. Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG) (2008) Local Government Financial Statistics England, London.

9. DETR (1999a) Summary of responses to 'Modernising local government: Improving services through Best Value', London.
10. DETR (1999b) Best Value, New Roles for Members, London.
11. DETR (1998) Modern Local Government: In Touch with the People, London: DETR.
12. Demirkaya, Y. (2004) The Changing Management of Local Government Under New Labour in England: Best Value Policy Accessible through http://www.pamij.com/v11n2/pam-11-2-demirkava.pdf.
13. Flynn, N. and Strehl, F. (1996) Public Sector Management in Europe, Prentice Hall: Hertfordshire.
14. Garnett, M. And Lynch, P. (2008) Exploring British Politics, Longman Publishing Group, London.
15. Goldsmith, M.J. and Page, E.C. (1997) Farewell to the British State? In Lane, J.E. (ed.) Public Sector Reform: Rationale, Trends and Problems, Sage: London.
16. Hood, C. (1991) “Public management for all seasons?” Public Administration, 69 (1): 3-19
17. Karasu, K. (2009) “Karşılaştırmalı Kamu Yönetimi”, İngiltere’de Kamu Yönetimi, İmge Kitabevi, Ankara.
18. Lane, J.E. (1997) Public Sector Reform. Rationale, Trends and Problems, Sage: London.
19. MacKinnon, D.(2000) “Managerialism, governmentality and the state: a neo-Foucauldian approach to local economic governance” Political Geography 19, 2000; 293-314, Elsevier.
20. OECD (1996) Ministerial Symposium on the Future of Public Services, accessible at http://www.oecd.int/puma/governance/minister/summary.htm
21. Midwinter, A., and McGarvey, N. (2000) “Developing Best Value in Scotland: Concepts and Contradictions”, Local Government Studies, Volume 25, p.87-115
22. Rhodes, R.A.W. (2000) “New Labour’s Civil Service: Summing-up Joining-up”, The Guardian, 13 Mart 2000.
23. Stewart, J. and Walsh, K. (1992) “Change in the Management of Public Services” Public Administration Vol. 70, Winter.
24. Stoker, G. (1997), “Local Government in The UK after Thatcher” in Lane, J.E. (ed.) Public Sector Reform: Rationale, Trends and Problems, Sage: London.
25. The British Council, (2000) Public Sector Reform in the UK, at http://www.britishcouncil.org/governance.
26. Walsh, K. (1995) Public Services and Market Mechanisms, Competition, Contracting and the New Public Management, Macmillan: London.
27. Waine, B. and Cutler, T. (1994), Managing the Welfare State: the politics of public sector management, Berg: Oxford.
28. Wilson, D. and Game, C. (1998) Local Government in the United Kingdom, Second Edition, L Macmillan: London.