Determination Human Development Levels of Turkey and EU Countries with Compensatory Multi Criteria Decision Making Methods

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 61 - 74, 01.06.2017

Erhan Orakçı , Ali Özdemir

Öz

Human development levels of
countries are usually evaluated over three basic indicators which are
education, health and welfare. In many studies three indicators are found to be
insufficient and, therefore, additional indicators are used. Considering these
discussions, the Human Development Index and indicators derived from the Europe
Quality of Life Survey are used to determine the human development levels of
Turkey and EU countries in this study. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) and MOORA
methods are used to determine the human development levels of countries and
results are compared. Effectiveness level of indicators is evaluated through
Entropy and CRITIC objective weighting methods. 
Using GRA and MOORA-RS Luxemburg, Finland and Austria are found to be
first three countries regarding human development and using MOORA-Reference
point UK, Netherlands and Denmark are top three. Turkey is found to be the 26th
when GRA is applied and 23rd when MOORA-RS and RPA is applied.    

Anahtar Kelimeler

Human Development, GRA, MOORA, MCDM

Telafi Edici Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri ile Türkiye ve AB Ülkelerinin İnsani Gelişmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Ülkelerin insani
gelişmişlik düzeylerinin sıklıkla üç temel gösterge üzerinden değerlendirildiği
görülür. Bunlar; eğitim, sağlık ve refah düzeyi göstergeleridir. Ülkelerin
insani gelişmişlik düzeyleri ölçümünde bu üç göstergenin yeterli görülmediği ve
başka göstergelerin kullanıldığı birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu tartışmalar
ışığında Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkelerinin insani gelişmişlik
düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde “İnsani Gelişmişlik Endeksi”(İGE) ile birlikte
Avrupa Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi’nden seçilen göstergeler kullanılmıştır. Ülkelerin
insani gelişmişlik düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde, Gri İlişkisel Analiz (GİA) ve
MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis Ratio
Analysis) yöntemlerinden yararlanılmış ve sonuçlar
karşılaştırılmıştır. Göstergelerin etki düzeyi Entropi ve CRITIC (CRiteria
Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) ağırlıklandırma yöntemleri ile
değerlendirilmiştir. İnsani gelişmişlik düzeyi en yüksek ilk üç ülke; GIA ve
MOORA – Oran yöntemi’ ne (OY) göre; Lüksemburg, 
Finlandiya ve Avusturya iken MOORA – Referans nokta yaklaşımı yöntemine
(RNYY) göre Birleşik Krallık, Hollanda ve Danimarka olarak bulunmuştur.  Türkiye ise GIA Yöntemine göre 26, MOORA - OY
ve RNYY’ ye göre 23. sırada bulunmuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsani Gelişmişlik, GİA, MOORA, ÇKKV

Kaynakça

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