EN
TR
The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study
Öz
This study investigates the impact of the CoRT 1 thinking program on middle scholl students’ critical thinking skills and explores how both the students and the teacher make sense of this experience.
Carried out by using a mixed-methods approach, the research was carried out between 2024–2025 at a state school in the Western Black Sea region. The subject of the research was 25 eighth-grade students who were chosen through purposeful sampling and received an eight-session intervention. The quantitative data were collected via pre- and post-test measures and analyzed using the rubric developed by Çeviker-Ay and Toz. Qualitative data were obtained from semi-structured interview forms finalized through expert consultation and unstructured teacher observation notes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six students. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22. Normal distribution dimensions were tested with the paired samples t-test, while those that are not normally distributed were tested with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The capacity of the CoRT 1 program to significantly strengthen students' critical thinking skills has been empirically demonstrated within this study. During the course of research, providing a psychologically safe classroom environment and integrating engaging instructional materials was found to enhance pedagogical efficacy, whereas social anxiety, crowded classroom settings, and structural barriers were identified as the main restrictors of student engagement. In light of the collected data, concrete recommendations have been developed through CoRT 1 to render the teaching process more inclusive, flexible, and sustainable.
Anahtar Kelimeler
- CoRT 1 thinking tools
- critical thinking skills
- enhancement of critical thinking skills
- middle school students
- mixed-methods research.
Etik Beyan
This study was initiated in February 2024 following the approval of the Duzce University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (Decision dated 30.01.2024, No. E-63781167-100-393787), the Ministry of National Education (Decision dated 13.02.2024, No. E-10240236-605.01-96564380), and the Governor’s Office (Decision dated 07.02.2024, No. E-10240236-20-96143510).
Prior to data collection, written consent forms were obtained from the legal guardians of all student participants. Before each interview, students were asked whether they permitted audio recording; for those who declined, responses were documented manually through field notes. No personally identifiable information was collected, and all data were anonymized and handled in accordance with confidentiality principles. All ethical procedures required for the conduct of the research were duly followed. In this study, artificial intelligence was used solely to support language editing and translation. The scientific content was originally produced by the author(s).
Kaynakça
- Al-Edwan, Z. S. (2011). The effectiveness of a training program based on cognitive research trust strategies to develop seventh grade students’ critical thinking in history course. Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3), 436–442. https://doi.org/10.3844/jssp.2011.436.442
- Al-Natour, M., Abu-Zaid, N. M., & Salaita, H. (2013). Enhancing critical thinking skills among students with learning difficulties. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 2(3), 136–155.
- Arı, D. (2020). Beceri temelli eleştirel düşünme öğretiminin ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme becerilerine etkisi [Unpublished Master’s Dissertation]. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
- Aybek, B. (2006). Konu ve beceri temelli eleştirel düşünme öğretiminin öğretmen adaylarının eleştirel düşünme eğilimi ve düzeyine etkisi [Unpublished Master’s Dissertation]. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
- Aybek, B. (2007). Konu ve beceri temelli eleştirel düşünme öğretiminin öğretmen adaylarının eleştirel düşünme eğilimi ve düzeyine etkisi. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16(2), 43–60.
- Barak, M., & Doppelt, Y. (1999). Integrating the Cognitive Research Trust (CoRT) programme for creative thinking into a project-based technology curriculum. Research in Science and Technological Education, 17(2), 139–151. https://doi.org/10.1080/0263514990170202
- Baştürk, R. (2016). Bütün yönleriyle SPSS örnekli nonparametrik istatiksel yöntemler (3. baskı). Anı Yayıncılık.
- Bayrak, Ç. (2014). CoRT 1 düşünme programının “Yaşamımızdaki Elektrik” ünitesinde kullanılmasının öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına, bilimsel yaratıcılıklarına ve eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerine etkisi [Unpublished Master’s Dissertation]. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Eğitimde Program Geliştirme
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
27 Temmuz 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
3 Ekim 2025
Kabul Tarihi
20 Temmuz 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3
APA
Çeviker Ay, Ş., & Dalak, M. (2026). The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, 19(3), 715-738. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1796213
AMA
1.Çeviker Ay Ş, Dalak M. The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 2026;19(3):715-738. doi:10.30831/akukeg.1796213
Chicago
Çeviker Ay, Şule, ve Merve Dalak. 2026. “The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19 (3): 715-38. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1796213.
EndNote
Çeviker Ay Ş, Dalak M (01 Temmuz 2026) The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19 3 715–738.
IEEE
[1]Ş. Çeviker Ay ve M. Dalak, “The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study”, Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, c. 19, sy 3, ss. 715–738, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.30831/akukeg.1796213.
ISNAD
Çeviker Ay, Şule - Dalak, Merve. “The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences 19/3 (01 Temmuz 2026): 715-738. https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1796213.
JAMA
1.Çeviker Ay Ş, Dalak M. The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 2026;19:715–738.
MLA
Çeviker Ay, Şule, ve Merve Dalak. “The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study”. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences, c. 19, sy 3, Temmuz 2026, ss. 715-38, doi:10.30831/akukeg.1796213.
Vancouver
1.Şule Çeviker Ay, Merve Dalak. The CoRT 1 Experience and Its Effectiveness in Developing Critical Thinking Skills: A Mixed-Methods Study. Journal of Theoretical Educational Sciences. 01 Temmuz 2026;19(3):715-38. doi:10.30831/akukeg.1796213