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Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective

Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3 25 Eylül 2026
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Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective

Öz

This study examines the transformation of gender roles within the family institution in Turkey under the influence of modernization and secularization processes. While traditional family structures have long been shaped by religious authority and paternalist hierarchies, macro-social shifts such as urbanization, migration, and the increasing participation of women in the workforce have triggered a multi-layered change. The primary focus of the research is the evolution of masculinity and fatherhood roles within this shifting framework. The study argues that the conventional "head of the household" image is increasingly challenged by more egalitarian, child-centered, and hybrid models. Specifically, the emergence of "involved fathering" reflects a transition from a rigid paternalist authority to a more interactive and negotiated family dynamic. However, this transformation is characterized by an "ambivalent situation" where traditional resistance coexists with modern and postmodern values. The rise in divorce rates and the delay of marriage indicate a structural breakdown, yet the persistence of strong family commitments highlights a unique synthesis specific to Turkey. The study concludes that social policies must adapt to this new diversity by fostering a balance between professional and family life. Ultimately, the transformation of masculinity and fatherhood is presented not merely as a crisis of authority but as a gradual adaptation to the requirements of secular modernity, necessitating a re-evaluation of both public policy and individual parenting practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Family, Gender Roles, Social Change, Modernization, Parenting.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval is not required as no data was collected from human participants in the study.

Kaynakça

  1. Akçınar, B. (2017). Türkiye’de ilgili babalık ve belirleyicileri (Türkiye’de babalığı anlamak serisi I). İstanbul: AÇEV Yayınları.
  2. Akın, M. H. (2012). Türkiye’de muhafazakârlığın direnme odağı olarak aile. Muhafazakâr Düşünce, 8(31), 3-20. https://izlik.org/JA67EW83JU
  3. Amman, M. T. (2010). Ailenin açık ve örtük sekülerleşmesinin sosyolojik analizi. M. F. Bayraktar (Ed.), Aile ve eğitim sempozyumu kitabı içinde (ss. 41-70). İstanbul: Ensar Neşriyat.
  4. Arat, Y. (1994). Women’s movement of the 1980s in Turkey: radical outcome of liberal Kemalism? In F. Acar & A. Güneş-Ayata (Eds.), Gender and identity construction: women of Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Turkey (pp. 100–121). Brill.
  5. ASAGEM (2010). Türkiye’de aile değerleri araştırması. Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Aile ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını.
  6. Avşar, S. (2017). Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri bağlamında tarihsel rollerini yitiren erkekliğin çöküşü: küllerinden “yeni erkek”liğin doğuşu. Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(2), 224-241. https://izlik.org/JA56YM88KP
  7. Axelsson, T. K. (2025). Gender theory approaches to fathers’ parental leave experiences of primary childcare: a review of Nordic publications 1992–2020. NORMA International Journal for Masculinity Studies, 20(2), 158-175. https://doi.org/10.1080/18902138.2025.2455890
  8. Bayer, A. (2020). Modernleşme sürecinde aile: değişen annelik ve babalık. Tevilat, 1(1), 35-60. https://izlik.org/JA63NS77ET
  9. Berger, P. L. (1967). The sacred canopy: elements of a sociological theory of religion. New York: Anchor Books.
  10. Berger, P. L. (1977). Facing up to modernity: excursions in society, politics, and religion. New York: Basic Books.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Bölükbaşı, A., & Türk, E. (2026). Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 28(3), 705-719. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1983431
AMA
1.Bölükbaşı A, Türk E. Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective. AKÜSBD. 2026;28(3):705-719. doi:10.32709/akusosbil.1983431
Chicago
Bölükbaşı, Adem, ve Emrullah Türk. 2026. “Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 28 (3): 705-19. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1983431.
EndNote
Bölükbaşı A, Türk E (01 Eylül 2026) Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 28 3 705–719.
IEEE
[1]A. Bölükbaşı ve E. Türk, “Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective”, AKÜSBD, c. 28, sy 3, ss. 705–719, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.32709/akusosbil.1983431.
ISNAD
Bölükbaşı, Adem - Türk, Emrullah. “Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 28/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 705-719. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1983431.
JAMA
1.Bölükbaşı A, Türk E. Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective. AKÜSBD. 2026;28:705–719.
MLA
Bölükbaşı, Adem, ve Emrullah Türk. “Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, c. 28, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 705-19, doi:10.32709/akusosbil.1983431.
Vancouver
1.Adem Bölükbaşı, Emrullah Türk. Modernization and Gender Role Transformations in the Turkish Family: A Sociocultural Perspective. AKÜSBD. 01 Eylül 2026;28(3):705-19. doi:10.32709/akusosbil.1983431