Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonunu Şekillendiren Faktörler ve Sektör Tercihi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 4, 1261 - 1277, 30.12.2019

Mustafa Arslan

https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.534032

Öz

Kamu Hizmeti Motivasyonu (KHM), kamu görevlilerinin içsel motive
edicilerle güdülenme düzeylerinin özel sektör çalışanlarından daha yüksek
olduğunu ileri süren bir motivasyon yaklaşımıdır ve “politikaya ilgi”,
“merhamet”, “fedakârlık” ve “kamu yararı” olmak üzere dört boyutu vardır.
Literatürde, cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim düzeyi, eğitim gördüğü alan, sosyo-kültürel
çevre, dindarlık düzeyi, ebeveynlerin kamu görevlisi olması gibi faktörlerin
KHM düzeyini şekillendirdiği yönünde bulgulara ulaşıldığı görülmüştür. KHM’nin
bireylerin performansı, kurumsal bağlılığı, sektör tercihi, ihbar davranışı, iş
doyumu, hesap verebilirlik, etik davranış gibi örgütsel değerleri etkilediği de
literatürde elde edilen bulgular arasındadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı üniversite
öğrencilerinin KHM düzeylerinin şekillenmesinde eğitim düzeyleri, eğitim
gördükleri alan, cinsiyet, yaş ve ebeveynlerin kamu görevlisi olması
faktörlerinin etkisini ve KHM’nin sektör tercihi üzerindeki etkisini ortaya
koymaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini beş devlet üniversitesinin İktisadi ve
İdari Bilimler Fakültelerinin öğrencileri arasından rastgele örneklem metoduyla
seçilen 967 kişi oluşturmaktadır. 
Araştırmanın verileri Perry (1996) tarafından geliştirilen 24 maddeli
KHM ölçeği ile sektör tercihine ilişkin 5 maddeli anket formu kullanılarak
toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları cinsiyet ve eğitim görülen alan
faktörlerinin KHM düzeyinin şekillenmesinde etki yarattığını göstermektedir.
Ancak eğitim düzeyi, yaş ve ebeveynlerin kamu görevlisi olması faktörlerinin
KHM’nin şekillenmesinde istatistik olarak anlamlı bir etki yaratmadığı
bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer bir bulgu ise KHM’nin bireylerin sektör
tercihinde belirleyici bir faktör olduğudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu hizmeti motivasyonu, kamu yönetimi disiplini, sektör tercihi

Factors Driving Public Service Motivation and Sector Preference

Öz

The aim of this study
is to determine the effect of education level, education branch, gender, age,
and public servant-role of parents in shaping PSM levels of university students
and the effect of PSM on sector preference. The sample of the study consisted
of 967 people selected by random sampling method among the students of the
Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of five state universities.
The data of the study were collected by using a 24-item PSM scale of Perry
(1996) and a five-item questionnaire for sector preferences. The findings of
the study show that gender and education branch effect PSM level of individuals.  However, education level, age and public
employee-roles of parents do not affect the PSM level. Another finding is that
of PSM is a determining factor in the sector preferences of individuals. Public Service Motivation is a motivation
approach that asserts that motivating by intrinsic motivators level of public
officials is higher than that of private sector employees and it has four
dimensions such as Attraction to Policy Making, Compassion, Self-Sacrifice, and
Commitment to Public Interest. According to the PSM literature, gender,
age, the level and branch of the education, socio-cultural environment,
religiousness, and having public employee parents shape PSM level of
individuals. It is also found in the literature that PSM influences
organizational values such as personnel performance, organizational commitment,
sector preferences, whistle-blowing, job satisfaction, accountability, and
ethical behavior.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public service motivation, public administration discipline, sector preference

Kaynakça

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