The Global Economic Burden of Asthma Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 3, 938 - 962, 29.09.2025

Servet Alp , İsmail Ağırbaş

https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.1322364

Öz

Affecting approximately 300 million people worldwide, asthma is a major public health problem causing both premature death and poor quality of life. The disease also imposes a significant economic burden on the health care system and households. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis based on studies comparing health expenditures between patients with and without asthma and between patients with controlled and uncontrolled asthma to clarify the effect size of health expenditures due to asthma. Another aim of the research is to determine the level of health service utilisation and expenditure in patients with and without asthma and in patients with controlled and uncontrolled asthma. In the study conducted using the PICOS research question strategy, PRISMA protocol principles and flow diagram, 3 different electronic databases (Web of Science (WOS), PubMed and ScienceDirect) were searched with the search formula determined between 06 - 29 April 2023, and 16 studies were included in the analysis as a result of the search. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the effect size and the overall effect size regarding the difference between the health expenditures of patients with asthma and patients without asthma, controlled and uncontrolled asthma patients were quite high. Having (not having) asthma disease, disease level and control level are very important factors on the level of health service utilisation and health expenditures. In order to manage asthma disease, minimise the economic burden of the disease on the health system and households, ensure effectiveness in treatment, and effectively implement the plans and programmes to be prepared for the disease, it is recommended to conduct asthma prevalence surveys throughout the country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asthma , Burden of Disease , Public Health , Health Economics , Health Policy

Astım Hastalığının Küresel Ekonomik Yükü: Sistematik Derleme ve Meta Analiz Çalışması

Öz

Dünya çapında yaklaşık 300 milyon insanı etkileyen astım, hem erken ölüm hem de düşük yaşam kalitesine neden olan önemli bir halk sorunudur. Bununla birlikte hastalık, sağlık sitemi ve hane halkları üzerinde ciddi ekonomik yükü de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, astım hastalığı nedeniyle gerçekleşen sağlık harcamalarının etki büyüklüğünü açıklığa kavuşturmak için astımı olan ve olmayan hastalar ve kontrollü ve kontrolsüz astımı olan hastalar arasında sağlık harcamalarını karşılaştıran çalışmalara dayanan bir meta analiz gerçekleştirmektir. Araştırmanın bir diğer amacı astımı olan ve olmayan hastalarda ve kontrollü ve kontrolsüz astım hastalarında sağlık hizmeti kullanım ve harcama düzeyini ortaya koymaktır. PICOS araştırma sorusu stratejisi, PRISMA protokolü ilkeleri ve akış diyagramı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, 06 - 29 Nisan 2023 tarihleri arasında belirlenen arama formülü ile 3 farklı elektronik veri tabanı (Web of Science (WOS), PubMed ve ScienceDirect) taranmış, yapılan tarama neticesinde 16 araştırma analize dâhil edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda; astıma sahip olan hastalar ile olmayan hastalar, kontrollü ve kontrolsüz astım hastalarının sağlık harcamaları arasındaki farka ilişkin etki büyüklüğü ile genel etki büyüklüğünün oldukça yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Astım hastalığına sahip olma(ma), hastalık seviyesi ve kontrol düzeyi sağlık hizmeti kullanım düzeyi ve sağlık harcamaları üzerinde oldukça önemli bir etmendir. Astım hastalığını yönetebilmek, hastalığın sağlık sistemi ve hane halkları üzerindeki ekonomik yükünü minimize etmek, tedavide etkinliği sağlayabilmek, hastalığa yönelik hazırlanacak planı ve programları etkin bir şekilde gerçekleştirebilmek için ülke genelinde astım prevalans araştırmaları yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Astım , Hastalık Yükü , Halk Sağlığı , Sağlık Ekonomisi , Sağlık Politikası

Kaynakça

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