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The Relationship between the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Chinese Naval Strategy

Yıl 2020, , 283 - 303, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.673794

Öz

China, who has put its economic might right at the center of its global influence, wants to consolidate its efforts in this regard with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative. As this initiative shall increase the strength of China within the context, specific to South China Sea-Indian Ocean, it has also potential to make the states in the region economically dependent to Beijing. For an endeavor like this to succeed, China will need to prioritize the security of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Right at this point, the new Chinese Naval Strategy that is predicated upon the expansion towards the high seas comes to the forefront. The investments and changing naval strategy that commence in parallel to the base and port facilities that would be obtained from various countries within the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative prove that China’s trade oriented leaps and its military and political planning have a striking parallelism. This study, based on literature review, aims to analyze the relationship between the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Chinese Naval Strategy.

Kaynakça

  • AMIN, M. (2017). “How Sanctions-Stricken Sudan Sold Its Economy to China”, Middleeast Eye, http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/made-china-how-sanctions-stricken-sudan-sold-itself-beijing-1669522131, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • BABIARZ, R. (2017). “China’s Sea Based Nuclear Deterrent: Incremental Advances and Perennial Limitations”, Asia Dialogue, http://theasiadialogue.com/2017/04/05/ chinas-sea-based-nuclear-deterrent-incremental-advances-and-perennial-limitations/, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • BENDER, J. and Rosen, A. (2015). “This Pentagon Map Shows What’s Really Driving China’s Military and Diplomatic Strategy”, Business Insider, https://www. businessinsider.in/This-Pentagon-map-shows-whats-really-driving-Chinas-military-and-diplomatic-strategy/articleshow/47273547.cms, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • BENNETT, D. (2010). “An Analysis of the China’s Offshore Active Defense and the People’s Liberation Army Navy”. Global Security Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 126-141.
  • BLANCHARD, J.-M. F. and FLINT, C. (2017). “The Geopolitics of China's Maritime Silk Road Initiative”. Geopolitics, Vol. 22, No. 2, p. 223-245.
  • BOYD, H. and WALDWYN, T. (2017). “China’s Submarine Force: An Overview”, IISS, https://www.iiss.org/en/militarybalanceblog/blogsections/2017-edcc/october-0c50/chinas-submarine-force-1c50, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • CAI, P. (2017). “Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative”. Lowy Institute Policy Analysis.
  • CHATURVEDY, R. R. (2017). “China's Strategic Access to Gwadar Port: Pivotal Position in Beltand Road”. RSIS Commentary, No. 5.
  • China Daily (2014). “Malaysia Becomes China's 3rd Largest Trade Partner in Asia”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2014-01/21/content_17247588.htm, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • CONNELLY, A. L. (2017). “Indonesia's New North Natuna Sea: What's in a Name?”, Lowy Institute The Interpreter, https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/indonesia-s-new-north-natuna-sea-what-s-name, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • ENGELBREKT, K. and Watts, J. (2015). “Sino-Russian Strategic Cooperation: Still An “Axis of Convenience”. Swedish Defence Univesity Report.
  • GADKARI, N. (2018). “India-Thailand-Myanmar Trilateral Highwayby 2019”, Live Mint, https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hdV9E00I5CwSrKmSheAu6M/IndiaMyanmarThailand-Trilateral-Highway-by-2019-Nitin-Gad.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Global Security (w.date). “People’s Liberation Navy - Offshore Defense”, https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/china/plan-doctrine-offshore.htm, (Accessed 18.01.2018).
  • GREITENS, S. C. (2016). “The US-Philippine Alliance in a Year of Transition: Challenges and Opportunities”. Brookings Asian Alliances Working Paper Series, No. 5.
  • HAN, D. (2016). “Malaysia's South China Sea Policy: Contradictions or Domestic Confusion”. RSIS Commentary, No. 88.
  • HARTNETT, D. (2014). “The Father of the Modern Chinese Navy: Liu Huaqing”,CIMSEC, http://cimsec.org/father-modern-chinese-navy-liu-huaqing/13291, (Accessed 19.01.2018).
  • HEYDARIAN, R. J. (2017). “Tragedy of Small Power Politics: Duterte and the Shifting Sands of Philippine Foreign Policy”. Asian Security, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 220-236.
  • HUANG, Z. (2017). “Your Guide to Understanding OBOR, China's New Silk Road Plan”, Quartz, https://qz.com/983460/obor-an-extremely-simple-guide-to-understanding-chinas-one-belt-one-road-forum-for-its-new-silk-road (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • HUSSAIN, Z. (2017). “The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the New Regional Geopolitics”. IFRI-Center For Asian Studies, Asie-Visions, No. 94.
  • IISS (2016). The Military Balance 2016: The Annual Assessment of Global Military Capabilities and Defence Economics, London: The International Institutefor Strategic Studies.
  • KHAN, S. A. (2013). “Geo-Economic Imperatives of Gwadar Sea Port and Kashgar Economic Zone for Pakistan and China”. IPRI Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 87-100.
  • KOLAS, A. (2007). “Burma in the Balance: The Geopolitics of Gas”. Strategic Analysis, Vol. 31, No. 4, p. 625-643.
  • KRATZ, A. and Pavlicevic, D. (2016). “China's High-Speed Rail Diplomacy: Riding A Gravy Train?”. Lau China Institute Working Paper Series.
  • KUO, L. (2017). “There's At Least One Place in Africa Where China's Win-Win Diplomacy is Failing”, Quartz, https://qz.com/1111402/south-sudan-china-win-win-diplomacy-struggles, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • LIN, J. and Singer, P. W. (2017). “China’s New Ballistic Missile Submarine Could Change Its Prospects in Nuclear War”, Popular Science, https://www.popsci.com/china-ballistic-missile-submarine-type-094a-ssbn, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • LINTNER, B. (2017). “Myanmar As China's Corridor to the Sea”, Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/article/myanmar-chinas-corridor-sea, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • MCDEVITT, M. and Jr., F. V. (2012). “The Evolution of the People’s Liberation Army Navy: The Twin Missions of Area-Denial and Peacetime Operations”. Geoffrey Till ve Patrick C. Bratton (ed.), Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific: The Triumph of Neptune?, Abingdon ve New York: Routledge, p. 75-92.
  • MURDOCH, L. (2017). “Thailand's Kra Canal Plan Would Link Indian, Pacific Oceans Benefiting China”. The Sydney Morning Herald, https://www.smh.com.au/world/thailands-kra-canal-plan-would-link-indian-pacific-oceans-benefiting-china-20170808-gxrgz1.html, (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • MURRAY, C. et al. (2015). “China’s Naval Modernization and Implications for the United States”. Douglas C. Lovelace Jr. (ed.), Terrorism Commentery on Security Documents: The Rise of China, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 109-120.
  • OEC (2016a). “Indonesia”, https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/idn, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • OEC (2016b). “Philippines”, https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/phl, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • Office of Naval Intelligence (2009). The People’s Liberation Army Navy: A Modern Navy With Chinese Characteristics, Fort Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center.
  • Office of Naval Intelligence (2015). The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century. Fort Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center.
  • O’ROURKE, R. (2017). China Naval Modernization: Implicationsfor U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress. Washington: Congressional Research Service. PALIT, A. (2016). “India's Act East Policy and Implications For Southeast Asia”. Southeast Asian Affairs, No. 1, p. 81-91.
  • PANDA, J. (2016). India-China Relations: Politics of Resources, Identity and Authority in a Multipolar World Order. London: Routledge Publishing.
  • PARAMESWARAN, P. (2018). “What's Next For China-Thailand Military Ties in 2018?”, The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2018/02/whats-next-for-china-thailand-military-ties-in-2018, (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • PERLEZ, J. (2012). “Vietnam Law on Contested Islands Draws China's Ire”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/22/world/asia/china-criticizes-vietnam-in-dispute-over-islands.html, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • PERLEZ, J. (2017). “China Showers Myanmar with Attention As Trump Looks Else Where”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/19/world/asia/myanmar-china-us-diplomacy-trump.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • PING, C. K. (2017). “Singapore, China Ink Pacts on Suzhou Industrial Park, Tianjin Eco-City and Other Bilateral Projects”. The Straits Times, February 27, 2017.
  • PwC (2015). “The World 2050: Will the Shift in Global Economic Power Continue?”, https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/the-economy/assets/world-in-2050-february-2015.pdf, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • QUINLAN, J. (2007). “Insight: China's Capital Targets Asia's Bamboo Network”, Financial Times, https://www.ft.com/content/67554d8a-920f-11dc-8981-0000779fd2ac, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • RAMAN, S. (2016). “The Strategic Importance of Andaman and Nicobar Islands”, The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/the-strategic-importance-of-andaman-and-nicobar-islands, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Reuters (2017). “China Formally Opens First Overseas Military Base in Djibouti”, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-djibouti/china-formally-opens-first-overseas-military-base-in-djibouti-idUSKBN1AH3E3, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Reuters (2018). “Vietnam Halts South China Sea Oil Drilling Project Under Pressure From Beijing”, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-southchinasea-vietnam/vietnam-halts-south-china-sea-oil-drilling-project-under-pressure-from-beijing-idUSKBN1GZ0JN, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • ROY, S. (2017). “How Chabahar Port Could Bring India and Its Partners a New Spring?”, The Indian Express, http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/how-chabahar-port-could-bring-india-and-its-partners-iran-afghanistan-and-a-new-spring-4966443, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • RussiaMatters (2017). “Growing Scope of Russian-Chinese Naval Exercises Points to Closer Ties”, https://www.russiamatters.org/blog/growing-scope-russian-chinese-naval-exercises-points-closer-ties, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • SCHULTZ, K. (2017). “Sri Lanka, Struggling with Debt, Hands a Major Port to China”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/12/world/asia/sri-lanka-china-port.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
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  • SINGH, A. (2017b). “CounteringChina’sSubmarine Operations in South Asia”, Lowy Institute, https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/countering-china-s-submarine-operations-south-asia, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
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The Relationship between the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Chinese Naval Strategy

Yıl 2020, , 283 - 303, 31.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.673794

Öz

China, who has put its economic might right at the center of its global influence, wants to consolidate its efforts in this regard with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative. As this initiative shall increase the strength of China within the context, specific to South China Sea-Indian Ocean, it has also potential to make the states in the region economically dependent to Beijing. For an endeavor like this to succeed, China will need to prioritize the security of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Right at this point, the new Chinese Naval Strategy that is predicated upon the expansion towards the high seas comes to the forefront. The investments and changing naval strategy that commence in parallel to the base and port facilities that would be obtained from various countries within the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative prove that China’s trade oriented leaps and its military and political planning have a striking parallelism. This study, based on literature review, aims to analyze the relationship between the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Chinese Naval Strategy.

Kaynakça

  • AMIN, M. (2017). “How Sanctions-Stricken Sudan Sold Its Economy to China”, Middleeast Eye, http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/made-china-how-sanctions-stricken-sudan-sold-itself-beijing-1669522131, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • BABIARZ, R. (2017). “China’s Sea Based Nuclear Deterrent: Incremental Advances and Perennial Limitations”, Asia Dialogue, http://theasiadialogue.com/2017/04/05/ chinas-sea-based-nuclear-deterrent-incremental-advances-and-perennial-limitations/, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • BENDER, J. and Rosen, A. (2015). “This Pentagon Map Shows What’s Really Driving China’s Military and Diplomatic Strategy”, Business Insider, https://www. businessinsider.in/This-Pentagon-map-shows-whats-really-driving-Chinas-military-and-diplomatic-strategy/articleshow/47273547.cms, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • BENNETT, D. (2010). “An Analysis of the China’s Offshore Active Defense and the People’s Liberation Army Navy”. Global Security Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 126-141.
  • BLANCHARD, J.-M. F. and FLINT, C. (2017). “The Geopolitics of China's Maritime Silk Road Initiative”. Geopolitics, Vol. 22, No. 2, p. 223-245.
  • BOYD, H. and WALDWYN, T. (2017). “China’s Submarine Force: An Overview”, IISS, https://www.iiss.org/en/militarybalanceblog/blogsections/2017-edcc/october-0c50/chinas-submarine-force-1c50, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • CAI, P. (2017). “Understanding China's Belt and Road Initiative”. Lowy Institute Policy Analysis.
  • CHATURVEDY, R. R. (2017). “China's Strategic Access to Gwadar Port: Pivotal Position in Beltand Road”. RSIS Commentary, No. 5.
  • China Daily (2014). “Malaysia Becomes China's 3rd Largest Trade Partner in Asia”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/business/2014-01/21/content_17247588.htm, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • CONNELLY, A. L. (2017). “Indonesia's New North Natuna Sea: What's in a Name?”, Lowy Institute The Interpreter, https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/indonesia-s-new-north-natuna-sea-what-s-name, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • ENGELBREKT, K. and Watts, J. (2015). “Sino-Russian Strategic Cooperation: Still An “Axis of Convenience”. Swedish Defence Univesity Report.
  • GADKARI, N. (2018). “India-Thailand-Myanmar Trilateral Highwayby 2019”, Live Mint, https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hdV9E00I5CwSrKmSheAu6M/IndiaMyanmarThailand-Trilateral-Highway-by-2019-Nitin-Gad.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Global Security (w.date). “People’s Liberation Navy - Offshore Defense”, https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/china/plan-doctrine-offshore.htm, (Accessed 18.01.2018).
  • GREITENS, S. C. (2016). “The US-Philippine Alliance in a Year of Transition: Challenges and Opportunities”. Brookings Asian Alliances Working Paper Series, No. 5.
  • HAN, D. (2016). “Malaysia's South China Sea Policy: Contradictions or Domestic Confusion”. RSIS Commentary, No. 88.
  • HARTNETT, D. (2014). “The Father of the Modern Chinese Navy: Liu Huaqing”,CIMSEC, http://cimsec.org/father-modern-chinese-navy-liu-huaqing/13291, (Accessed 19.01.2018).
  • HEYDARIAN, R. J. (2017). “Tragedy of Small Power Politics: Duterte and the Shifting Sands of Philippine Foreign Policy”. Asian Security, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 220-236.
  • HUANG, Z. (2017). “Your Guide to Understanding OBOR, China's New Silk Road Plan”, Quartz, https://qz.com/983460/obor-an-extremely-simple-guide-to-understanding-chinas-one-belt-one-road-forum-for-its-new-silk-road (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • HUSSAIN, Z. (2017). “The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the New Regional Geopolitics”. IFRI-Center For Asian Studies, Asie-Visions, No. 94.
  • IISS (2016). The Military Balance 2016: The Annual Assessment of Global Military Capabilities and Defence Economics, London: The International Institutefor Strategic Studies.
  • KHAN, S. A. (2013). “Geo-Economic Imperatives of Gwadar Sea Port and Kashgar Economic Zone for Pakistan and China”. IPRI Journal, Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 87-100.
  • KOLAS, A. (2007). “Burma in the Balance: The Geopolitics of Gas”. Strategic Analysis, Vol. 31, No. 4, p. 625-643.
  • KRATZ, A. and Pavlicevic, D. (2016). “China's High-Speed Rail Diplomacy: Riding A Gravy Train?”. Lau China Institute Working Paper Series.
  • KUO, L. (2017). “There's At Least One Place in Africa Where China's Win-Win Diplomacy is Failing”, Quartz, https://qz.com/1111402/south-sudan-china-win-win-diplomacy-struggles, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • LIN, J. and Singer, P. W. (2017). “China’s New Ballistic Missile Submarine Could Change Its Prospects in Nuclear War”, Popular Science, https://www.popsci.com/china-ballistic-missile-submarine-type-094a-ssbn, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • LINTNER, B. (2017). “Myanmar As China's Corridor to the Sea”, Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/article/myanmar-chinas-corridor-sea, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • MCDEVITT, M. and Jr., F. V. (2012). “The Evolution of the People’s Liberation Army Navy: The Twin Missions of Area-Denial and Peacetime Operations”. Geoffrey Till ve Patrick C. Bratton (ed.), Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific: The Triumph of Neptune?, Abingdon ve New York: Routledge, p. 75-92.
  • MURDOCH, L. (2017). “Thailand's Kra Canal Plan Would Link Indian, Pacific Oceans Benefiting China”. The Sydney Morning Herald, https://www.smh.com.au/world/thailands-kra-canal-plan-would-link-indian-pacific-oceans-benefiting-china-20170808-gxrgz1.html, (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • MURRAY, C. et al. (2015). “China’s Naval Modernization and Implications for the United States”. Douglas C. Lovelace Jr. (ed.), Terrorism Commentery on Security Documents: The Rise of China, New York: Oxford University Press, p. 109-120.
  • OEC (2016a). “Indonesia”, https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/idn, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • OEC (2016b). “Philippines”, https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/phl, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • Office of Naval Intelligence (2009). The People’s Liberation Army Navy: A Modern Navy With Chinese Characteristics, Fort Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center.
  • Office of Naval Intelligence (2015). The PLA Navy: New Capabilities and Missions for the 21st Century. Fort Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center.
  • O’ROURKE, R. (2017). China Naval Modernization: Implicationsfor U.S. Navy Capabilities - Background and Issues for Congress. Washington: Congressional Research Service. PALIT, A. (2016). “India's Act East Policy and Implications For Southeast Asia”. Southeast Asian Affairs, No. 1, p. 81-91.
  • PANDA, J. (2016). India-China Relations: Politics of Resources, Identity and Authority in a Multipolar World Order. London: Routledge Publishing.
  • PARAMESWARAN, P. (2018). “What's Next For China-Thailand Military Ties in 2018?”, The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2018/02/whats-next-for-china-thailand-military-ties-in-2018, (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • PERLEZ, J. (2012). “Vietnam Law on Contested Islands Draws China's Ire”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/22/world/asia/china-criticizes-vietnam-in-dispute-over-islands.html, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • PERLEZ, J. (2017). “China Showers Myanmar with Attention As Trump Looks Else Where”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/19/world/asia/myanmar-china-us-diplomacy-trump.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • PING, C. K. (2017). “Singapore, China Ink Pacts on Suzhou Industrial Park, Tianjin Eco-City and Other Bilateral Projects”. The Straits Times, February 27, 2017.
  • PwC (2015). “The World 2050: Will the Shift in Global Economic Power Continue?”, https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/the-economy/assets/world-in-2050-february-2015.pdf, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • QUINLAN, J. (2007). “Insight: China's Capital Targets Asia's Bamboo Network”, Financial Times, https://www.ft.com/content/67554d8a-920f-11dc-8981-0000779fd2ac, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • RAMAN, S. (2016). “The Strategic Importance of Andaman and Nicobar Islands”, The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/the-strategic-importance-of-andaman-and-nicobar-islands, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Reuters (2017). “China Formally Opens First Overseas Military Base in Djibouti”, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-djibouti/china-formally-opens-first-overseas-military-base-in-djibouti-idUSKBN1AH3E3, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • Reuters (2018). “Vietnam Halts South China Sea Oil Drilling Project Under Pressure From Beijing”, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-southchinasea-vietnam/vietnam-halts-south-china-sea-oil-drilling-project-under-pressure-from-beijing-idUSKBN1GZ0JN, (Accessed 30.03.2018).
  • ROY, S. (2017). “How Chabahar Port Could Bring India and Its Partners a New Spring?”, The Indian Express, http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/how-chabahar-port-could-bring-india-and-its-partners-iran-afghanistan-and-a-new-spring-4966443, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • RussiaMatters (2017). “Growing Scope of Russian-Chinese Naval Exercises Points to Closer Ties”, https://www.russiamatters.org/blog/growing-scope-russian-chinese-naval-exercises-points-closer-ties, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • SCHULTZ, K. (2017). “Sri Lanka, Struggling with Debt, Hands a Major Port to China”, The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/12/world/asia/sri-lanka-china-port.html, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • SCIMIA, E. (2018). “Anti-Piracy Mission Helps China Develop Its Blue-Water Navy”, Asia Times, http://www.atimes.com/anti-piracy-mission-helps-china-develop-blue-water-navy/ (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • SEIDEL, J. (2017). “China is About to Launch Its Second Aircraft Carrier, 001A”, http://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/china-is-about-to-launch-its-second-aircraft-carrier-001a/news-story/ce97a88eba53b00ea37892698b12504c (Accessed 31.01.2018).
  • SIDDIQUI, S. (2017). “CPEC Investment Pushed From $55b to $62b”, The Express Tribune, https://tribune.com.pk/story/1381733/cpec-investment-pushed-55b-62b, (Accessed 28.03.2018).
  • SINGH, A. (2017a). “Countering China's Submarine Presence in the Indian Ocean”, The Maritime Executive, https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/countering-chinas-submarine-presence-in-the-indian-ocean#gs.gZXxHuo, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • SINGH, A. (2017b). “CounteringChina’sSubmarine Operations in South Asia”, Lowy Institute, https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/countering-china-s-submarine-operations-south-asia, (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • Sputniknews (2017). “Sheikhs For Djibouti: Nation's Defense Minister Welcomes Saudi Military Base”, https://sputniknews.com/middleeast/201711281059503385-djibouti-saudi-military-base, (Accessed 31.03.2018).
  • STOREY, I. (2006). “China’s Malacca Dilemma”. China Brief, Vol. 6, No. 8, https://jamestown.org/program/chinas-malacca-dilemma/, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • SUN, D. and Zoubir, Y. H. (2016). “The Eagle's Nest in the Horn of Africa: US Military Strategic Deployment in Djibouti”. Africa Spectrum, Vol. 51, No. 1, p. 111-124.
  • SURI, G. (2016). China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Old String with New Pearls?. New Delhi: Vivekananda International Foundation.
  • TAI, M. (2017). “Gwadar: A Case of South-South Cooperation”. Cambridge Journal of Eurasian Studies, No. 1, p. 1-12.
  • TARABAY, J. (2017). “Singapore's Delicate Balancing Act Between the US and China”, https://edition.cnn.com/2017/10/24/politics/singapore-lee-hsien-loong-trump-china/index.html, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
  • TATA, S. (2017). “Deconstructing China’s Energy Security Strategy”, The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2017/01/deconstructing-chinas-energy-security-strategy/ (Accessed 01.02.2018).
  • The State Council (2015). “China’s Military Strategy”, http://english.gov.cn/archive/ white_paper/2015/05/27/content_281475115610833.htm, (Accessed 18.02.2018).
  • TNI (2016). “China's Engagement in Myanmar: From Malacca Dilemma to Transition Dilemma”. Myanmar Policy Briefing, No. 19.
  • Tuan, H. A. and Thuy, D. T. (2016). “US-Vietnam Security Cooperation: Catalyss And Constraints”. Asian Politics & Policy, Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 179-192.
  • US DoD (2009). “Military Power of the People’s Republic of China 2009”. Annual Report to Congress.
  • VOA News (2014). “China’s Aircraft Carrier Returns From South China Sea Mission”, https://www.voanews.com/a/chinas-aircraft-carrier-returns-from-south-china-sea-mission/1821831.html, (Accessed 02.02.2018).
  • WESANGULA, D. (2018). “Kenya Gambles on Dirty Energy with Its First Coal Plant”, Huffington Post, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/lamu-kenya-coal-plant_us_5aa7a8d5e4b009b705d5f3ac, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • Xinhua (2017). “Backgrounder: Kenya's New Standard Gauge Railway”, http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/31/c_136326472.htm, (Accessed 01.04.2018).
  • ZHANG, F. (2017). “Chinese Thinking on the South China Sea and the Future of Regional Security”. Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 132, No. 3, p. 435-466.
  • ZHANG, X. (2015). Deng Xiaoping's Long War: The Military Conflict Between China and Vietnam, 1979-1991. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press.
  • ZHEN, L. (2017). “Singapore-Taiwan Military Agreement to Stay in Place Despite Pressure From Beijing”, South China Morning Post, http://www.scmp.com/news/ china/diplomacy-defence/article/2114170/no-reason-singapore-cut-military-ties-taiwan-sources, (Accessed 29.03.2018).
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Göktürk Tüysüzoğlu 0000-0001-9170-1854

Cenk Özgen 0000-0002-8583-6194

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 21 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Tüysüzoğlu, G., & Özgen, C. (2020). The Relationship between the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Chinese Naval Strategy. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 4(2), 283-303. https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.673794