Ar-Ge ve İnovasyonun Yenilenebilir Enerji Üretimi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Panel Veri Analizi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 1087 - 1105, 31.05.2021

Efe Can Kılınç , Nazan Şahbaz

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.867232

Cited By: 7

Öz

Küresel iklim değişimi ve sera gazı salınımları gibi çevre üzerinde derin tahribata yol açan etkenlerin olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılabilmesi için güneş, rüzgâr, jeotermal, hidroelektrik, biyokütle gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının üretiminin artırılması ve kullanım alanlarının yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu süreçte Ar-Ge faaliyetleri ile inovasyon çabaları; üretim ve sermaye maliyetlerini düşürerek, teknolojik bilgi gelişimini sağlayarak, verimliliği ve performansı artırarak yenilenebilir enerji üretimine önemli katkılar vermektedir. Bu çalışma, seçilmiş ülkelerde, 2003-2019 dönemi kapsamında enerji Ar-Ge harcamalarının ve inovasyonun yenilenebilir enerji üretimi üzerindeki etkilerine yönelik ampirik kanıtlar ortaya koymaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji üretimi ile inovasyon ve enerji Ar-Ge harcamaları ilişkisini araştırırken bu çalışmada panel veri yöntemleri (Panel ARDL ve Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse, 2011 nedensellik testi) kullanılmaktadır. Panel ARDL yönteminden elde edilen ampirik bulgular, uzun dönemde Ar-Ge ve demonstrasyon harcamaları ile inovasyonun göstergesi olan patent başvuru sayısında meydana gelecek %1’lik bir artışın yenilenebilir enerji üretimini sırasıyla %0.23 ve %0.42 oranlarında artıracağını göstermiştir. Emirmahmutoğlu ve Köse (2011) nedensellik testine göre, enerji Ar-Ge harcamalarından yenilenebilir enerji üretimine doğru nedenselliğin olduğu ülkeler; Avusturalya, Fransa, Macaristan, Japonya, Güney Kore, Norveç, Portekiz, İspanya ve ABD iken, patent başvurularından yenilenebilir enerji üretimine doğru nedenselliğin olduğu ülkeler ise Avusturya, Finlandiya, Fransa, Almanya, İrlanda, Hollanda, Norveç, Slovakya, İsveç ve İsviçre’dir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ar-Ge Harcamaları, Yenilenebilir Enerji, Panel Veri Analizi

The Effect of R&D and Innovation on Renewable Energy Production: Panel Data Analysis

Öz

It is necessary to increase the production of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, and biomass and to expand their usage areas in order to reduce the negative effects of factors that cause deep damage to the environment such as global climate change and greenhouse gas emissions. In this process, R&D activities and innovation efforts; it contributes significantly to renewable energy production by reducing production and capital costs, providing technological knowledge development, increasing efficiency and performance. This study provides empirical evidence for the effects of energy R&D expenditures and innovation on renewable energy generation in selected countries for the period 2003-2019. Panel data methods (Panel ARDL and Emirmahmutoğlu & Köse, 2011 causality test) are used in this study while investigating the relationship between renewable energy production and innovation and energy R&D expenditures. The empirical findings obtained from the Panel ARDL method have shown that a 1% increase in energy R&D and demonstration expenditures and the number of patent applications, which is an indicator of innovation, will increase renewable energy generation by 0.23% and 0.42%, respectively. According to Emirmahmutoğlu and Köse (2011) causality test, countries with causality from energy R&D expenditures to renewable energy generation; Australia, France, Hungary, Japan, South Korea, Norway, Portugal, Spain and the USA, while the countries with causality from patent applications to renewable energy generation are Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Slovakia, Sweden and Switzerland.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Menu, Meta Synthesis, Restaurants, Local Dishes

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