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YAZMA GÜÇLÜĞÜ YAŞAYAN ÖĞRENCİLERE YÖNELİK YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 43 - 61, 31.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.59320/alanyazin.1216112

Öz

İlköğretimde dört temel beceriden biri olan yazının gelişiminin öğrencileri birçok alanda olumlu yönde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu süreçlerde yazma görevlerini yerine getiremeyen öğrenciler olmaktadır. Geçmiş yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar öğrencilerin yazma becerileri geliştirme noktasında daha çok kendini düzenlemeye dayalı stratejilere odaklandığını göstermiştir. Nitekim teknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar bu alana ilgiyi arttırmıştır. Özellikle de Türkiye’de ve yurt dışında yazma güçlüğüne yönelik farklı öğretim, model, teknik, strateji veya müdahale noktalarında süreç içerisinde ne gibi değişimler olduğu konusunda merak uyandırmıştır. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada yazma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin yazı becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik çalışmaların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik derleme olarak hazırlanan bu araştırmada makalelere ulaşılırken Google Akademik, Science Direct, PubMed ve ERIC veri tabanlarından yararlanılmış ve araştırma kriterlerine uyan 21 makaleye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına bakıldığında çalışmalarda daha çok farklı müdahale programlarına yer verildiği, teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte farklı yazı öğretim araçlarının kullanıldığı, yine bu araştırmalarda da öğrencilerin kendilerini düzenlemelerine yardımcı etkinliklere yer verildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca bu etkinliklerin farklı araç-gereçler, etkinlik kartları, oyunlar vb. ile sağlanmaya çalışıldığı ifade edilmiştir. Çalışmalarda en fazla 3. ve 4. sınıf öğrencileri ile çalışıldığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca erkek öğrencilerin sayısının kız öğrencilerden fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırma sonuçları araştırmalarda en çok kullanılan modellerin deneysel ve eylem araştırması deseni olduğunu göstermiştir. Son olarak yazma güçlüğü yaşayan öğrencilerin yazma becerilerini geliştirmek için hazırlanan programların öğrenci özelliklerine, kullanılan modele, strateji, yöntem/teknik ve etkinliklere göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Akyol, H. (2011). Türkçe öğretim yöntemleri (4. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Akyol, H. ve Sever, E. (2019). Okuma yazma güçlüğü ve bir eylem araştırması: ikinci sınıf örneği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(3), 685-707.
  • Akyol, H., & Özdemir, E. Ç. (2018). Bitişik eğik yazı becerilerinin geliştirilmesi: İlkokul üçüncü sınıf örneği. Turkish Studies, 13(4), 299-320.
  • Amirkhani, M., & Movahedi, A. (2016). The effect of Delacato sensorimotor training on dysgraphia of 9 to 11-year-old female students. Motor Behavior, 8(26), 89-104.
  • Asher, A. V. (2006). Handwriting instruction in elementary schools. The American journal of occupational therapy, 60(4), 461-471.
  • Ateş, S., Çetinkaya, Ç. ve Yıldırım, K. (2014). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin yazma güçlükleri hakkındaki görüşleri. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(2), 475-493.
  • Arsham, S., Ghadiri, F., & Babak, M. (2017). Comparison of the effectiveness of two ıntervention methods of neurofeedback training (nft) and the movement program on the handwriting performance of 9-11 years old children with dysgraphia. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 20(9), 1-11.
  • Aydın, O. ve Cavkaytar, A. (2018). Yazma güçlüğü görülen öğrencilerin el yazısı okunaklık düzeylerinin arttırılmasında ipucunun giderek artırılması uygulamasıyla sunulan öğretimin etkililiği. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (36), 1-23.
  • Beyhan, A. (2013). Eğitim örgütlerinde eylem araştırması. Bilgisayar ve Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 65-89.
  • Bonny, A. M. (1992). Understanding and assessing handwriting difficulties: Perspective from the literature. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 39, 7–15.
  • Calkins, L. M., Hartman, A., & White, Z. (2005). One to one: The art of conferring with young writers. Heinemann Educational Books.
  • Calp, M. (2013). Yazma problemi olan bir öğrenciye bitişik eğik yazı öğretimi (Bir Eylem Araştırması). E-İnternational Journal of Educational Research, 4(1).
  • Chang, S. H., & Yu, N. Y. (2013). Handwriting movement analyses comparing first and second graders with normal or dysgraphic characteristics. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(9), 2433-2441.
  • Chang, S. H., & Yu, N. Y. (2017). Visual and haptic perception training to improve handwriting skills in children with dysgraphia. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(2), 7102220030p1-7102220030p10.
  • Chung, P., & Patel, D. R. (2015). Dysgraphia. International Journal of Child and Adolescent Health, 8(1), 27.
  • Çelik, D. (2022). İlkokul öğrencilerinin yazma güçlüklerinin belirlenerek yazma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi (Doktora Tezi), Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Burdur.
  • Çınar, N. (2021). İyi Bir Sistematik Derleme Nasıl Yazılmalı?. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 310-314.
  • Datchuk, S. M. (2016). Writing simple sentences and descriptive paragraphs: Effects of an intervention on adolescents with writing difficulties. Journal of Behavioral Education, 25(2), 166-188.
  • Datchuk, S. M., & Kubina Jr, R. M. (2017). A writing intervention to teach simple sentences and descriptive paragraphs to adolescents with writing difficulties. Education and Treatment of Children, 40(3), 303-326.
  • Dennis, J. L. & Swinth, Y. (2001). Pencil grasp and children's handwriting legibility during different-length writing tasks. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 55(2), 175- 183.
  • Deuel, R. (2001). Dysgraphia. In P. B. Rosenberger (Ed.), Continuum: Lifelong learning in neurology, learning disabilities (pp. 37-59). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
  • Duran, E., & Karatas, A. (2019). Elimination of Writing Difficulty in Primary School: An Action Research. International Journal of Progressive Education, 15(5), 288-300.
  • Dunn, M., Zajic, M. C., & Berninger, V. (2021). The self in self-regulated writing of fourth to ninth graders with dysgraphia. International Journal of School and Educational Psychology, 9(1), 34-46.
  • Ediger, M. (2001). Assessing Handwriting Achievement. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 346 082. Feder, K., & Majnemer, A. (2007). Handwriting development, competency, and intervention. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 49, 312–317.
  • Freeman, A. R., MacKinnon, J. R., & Miller, L. T. (2004). Assistive technology and handwriting problems: What do occupational therapists recommend?. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(3), 150-160.
  • Gerrish, K., & Lacey, A. (2010). The research process in nursing. (6th ed., pp. 79-92, 188-198, 284-302). London: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Graham, S., Berninger, V. W., Abott, R. D., Abott, S., & Whitaker, D. (1997). The role of mechanics in composing of elementary school students: A new methodological approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(1), 170–182.
  • Graham, S., Harris, K. R., & Fink, B. (2000). Extra handwriting instruction: Prevent writing difficulties right from the start. Teaching Exceptional Children, 33(2), 88-91.
  • Graham, S., Harris, K. R., Adkins, M., & Camping, A. (2021). Do content revising goals change the revising behavior and story writing of fourth grade students at-risk for writing difficulties?. Reading and Writing, 34(7), 1915-1941.
  • Güneş, F. (2019). İlkyazma öğretimi. Sınırsız Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 4(2), 121-142. DOI: 10.29250/sead.550779
  • Hamstra-Bletz, L., & Blöte, A. W. (1993). A longitudinal study on dysgraphic handwriting in primary school. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 26(10), 689-699.
  • Hoy, M. M. P., Egan, M. Y., & Feder, K. P. (2011). A systematic review of interventions to improve handwriting. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 78, 13-25. doi: 10.2182/cjot.2011.78.1.3
  • İlker, Ö., ve Melekoğlu, M. A. (2017). İlköğretim döneminde özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin yazma becerilerine ilişkin çalışmaların incelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi. 18(3), 443-469.
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A REVIEW OF STUDY ON STUDENTS WITH WRITING DIFFICULTIES

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 43 - 61, 31.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.59320/alanyazin.1216112

Öz

It is known that the development of writing, which is one of the four basic skills in primary education, affects students positively in many areas. In these processes, there are students who cannot fulfill their writing tasks. Studies conducted in the past years have shown that students focus more on strategies based on self-regulation in terms of developing writing skills. As a matter of fact, recent studies with technological developments have increased the interest in this field. Especially in Turkey and abroad, it aroused curiosity about the changes in the different teaching, model, technique, strategy or intervention points for writing difficulties. For this reason, in this study, it is aimed to examine the studies aimed at improving the writing skills of students who have writing difficulties. In this research, which was prepared as a systematic review, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and ERIC databases were used while reaching the articles and 21 articles that met the research criteria were reached. When the results of the research are examined, it is seen that different intervention programs are included in the studies, different writing teaching tools are used together with technological developments, and activities that help students to organize themselves are included in these studies. In addition, these activities have different tools-equipment, activity cards, games, etc. It has been stated that it is tried to be achieved with It has been determined that the studies mostly work with 3rd and 4th grade students. In addition, it was determined that the number of male students was more than female students. The results of this research showed that the most used models in research were experimental and action research designs. Finally, it was determined that the programs prepared to improve the writing skills of students with writing difficulties differ according to student characteristics, the model used, strategies, methods/techniques and activities.

Kaynakça

  • Akyol, H. (2011). Türkçe öğretim yöntemleri (4. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Akyol, H. ve Sever, E. (2019). Okuma yazma güçlüğü ve bir eylem araştırması: ikinci sınıf örneği. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(3), 685-707.
  • Akyol, H., & Özdemir, E. Ç. (2018). Bitişik eğik yazı becerilerinin geliştirilmesi: İlkokul üçüncü sınıf örneği. Turkish Studies, 13(4), 299-320.
  • Amirkhani, M., & Movahedi, A. (2016). The effect of Delacato sensorimotor training on dysgraphia of 9 to 11-year-old female students. Motor Behavior, 8(26), 89-104.
  • Asher, A. V. (2006). Handwriting instruction in elementary schools. The American journal of occupational therapy, 60(4), 461-471.
  • Ateş, S., Çetinkaya, Ç. ve Yıldırım, K. (2014). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin yazma güçlükleri hakkındaki görüşleri. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(2), 475-493.
  • Arsham, S., Ghadiri, F., & Babak, M. (2017). Comparison of the effectiveness of two ıntervention methods of neurofeedback training (nft) and the movement program on the handwriting performance of 9-11 years old children with dysgraphia. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 20(9), 1-11.
  • Aydın, O. ve Cavkaytar, A. (2018). Yazma güçlüğü görülen öğrencilerin el yazısı okunaklık düzeylerinin arttırılmasında ipucunun giderek artırılması uygulamasıyla sunulan öğretimin etkililiği. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (36), 1-23.
  • Beyhan, A. (2013). Eğitim örgütlerinde eylem araştırması. Bilgisayar ve Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 65-89.
  • Bonny, A. M. (1992). Understanding and assessing handwriting difficulties: Perspective from the literature. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 39, 7–15.
  • Calkins, L. M., Hartman, A., & White, Z. (2005). One to one: The art of conferring with young writers. Heinemann Educational Books.
  • Calp, M. (2013). Yazma problemi olan bir öğrenciye bitişik eğik yazı öğretimi (Bir Eylem Araştırması). E-İnternational Journal of Educational Research, 4(1).
  • Chang, S. H., & Yu, N. Y. (2013). Handwriting movement analyses comparing first and second graders with normal or dysgraphic characteristics. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(9), 2433-2441.
  • Chang, S. H., & Yu, N. Y. (2017). Visual and haptic perception training to improve handwriting skills in children with dysgraphia. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(2), 7102220030p1-7102220030p10.
  • Chung, P., & Patel, D. R. (2015). Dysgraphia. International Journal of Child and Adolescent Health, 8(1), 27.
  • Çelik, D. (2022). İlkokul öğrencilerinin yazma güçlüklerinin belirlenerek yazma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi (Doktora Tezi), Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Burdur.
  • Çınar, N. (2021). İyi Bir Sistematik Derleme Nasıl Yazılmalı?. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 310-314.
  • Datchuk, S. M. (2016). Writing simple sentences and descriptive paragraphs: Effects of an intervention on adolescents with writing difficulties. Journal of Behavioral Education, 25(2), 166-188.
  • Datchuk, S. M., & Kubina Jr, R. M. (2017). A writing intervention to teach simple sentences and descriptive paragraphs to adolescents with writing difficulties. Education and Treatment of Children, 40(3), 303-326.
  • Dennis, J. L. & Swinth, Y. (2001). Pencil grasp and children's handwriting legibility during different-length writing tasks. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 55(2), 175- 183.
  • Deuel, R. (2001). Dysgraphia. In P. B. Rosenberger (Ed.), Continuum: Lifelong learning in neurology, learning disabilities (pp. 37-59). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
  • Duran, E., & Karatas, A. (2019). Elimination of Writing Difficulty in Primary School: An Action Research. International Journal of Progressive Education, 15(5), 288-300.
  • Dunn, M., Zajic, M. C., & Berninger, V. (2021). The self in self-regulated writing of fourth to ninth graders with dysgraphia. International Journal of School and Educational Psychology, 9(1), 34-46.
  • Ediger, M. (2001). Assessing Handwriting Achievement. ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 346 082. Feder, K., & Majnemer, A. (2007). Handwriting development, competency, and intervention. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 49, 312–317.
  • Freeman, A. R., MacKinnon, J. R., & Miller, L. T. (2004). Assistive technology and handwriting problems: What do occupational therapists recommend?. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 71(3), 150-160.
  • Gerrish, K., & Lacey, A. (2010). The research process in nursing. (6th ed., pp. 79-92, 188-198, 284-302). London: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Graham, S., Berninger, V. W., Abott, R. D., Abott, S., & Whitaker, D. (1997). The role of mechanics in composing of elementary school students: A new methodological approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(1), 170–182.
  • Graham, S., Harris, K. R., & Fink, B. (2000). Extra handwriting instruction: Prevent writing difficulties right from the start. Teaching Exceptional Children, 33(2), 88-91.
  • Graham, S., Harris, K. R., Adkins, M., & Camping, A. (2021). Do content revising goals change the revising behavior and story writing of fourth grade students at-risk for writing difficulties?. Reading and Writing, 34(7), 1915-1941.
  • Güneş, F. (2019). İlkyazma öğretimi. Sınırsız Eğitim ve Araştırma Dergisi, 4(2), 121-142. DOI: 10.29250/sead.550779
  • Hamstra-Bletz, L., & Blöte, A. W. (1993). A longitudinal study on dysgraphic handwriting in primary school. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 26(10), 689-699.
  • Hoy, M. M. P., Egan, M. Y., & Feder, K. P. (2011). A systematic review of interventions to improve handwriting. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 78, 13-25. doi: 10.2182/cjot.2011.78.1.3
  • İlker, Ö., ve Melekoğlu, M. A. (2017). İlköğretim döneminde özel öğrenme güçlüğü olan öğrencilerin yazma becerilerine ilişkin çalışmaların incelenmesi. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi. 18(3), 443-469.
  • Jegadeesan, T., & Nagalakshmi, P. (2018). Effect of multisensory training on writing skills of children with dysgraphia. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 7(10), 470-475.
  • Karaçam, Z. (2013). Sistematik derleme metodolojisi: Sistematik derleme hazırlamak için bir rehber. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 6(1), 26-33.
  • Karlsdottir, R., & Stefansson, T. (2002). Problems in developing functional handwriting. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 94, 623–662.
  • Kaya, B. (2016). Yazma güçlüğü olan bir ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencisine bitişik eğik yazı öğretimi. Electronic Turkish Studies, 11(3), 1407-1434.
  • Klein, S. (Ed.). (2012). Action research methods: Plain and simple. Springer.
  • Kodan, H. (2016). Yazma güçlüğü olan üçüncü sınıf öğrencisinin el yazısı okunaklılığının geliştirilmesi: Eylem araştırması. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, (2), 523-539.
  • Kushki, A., Schwellnus, H., Ilyas, F., & Chau, T. (2011). Changes in kinetics and kinematics of handwriting during a prolonged writing task in children with and without dysgraphia. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(3), 1058-1064.
  • Kuşdemir, Y., Kurban, H., & Bulut, P. (2018). Yazma güçlüğü yaşayan bir öğrenci ile ilgili eylem araştırması. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim (TEKE) Dergisi, 7(2), 1190-1209.
  • Kuzu, A. (2009). Öğretmen yetiştirme ve mesleki gelişimde eylem araştırması. Journal of International Social Research, 1(6).
  • Laszlo, J. I., & Bairstow, P. J. (1984). Handwriting: Difficulties and possible solutions. School Psychology International, 5(4), 207-213.
  • Lehman, C., (2011). Aquick guide tı reviving disengaged writers, 5-8, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
  • Marr, D., & Dimeo, S. B. (2006). Outcomes associated with a summer handwriting course for elementary students. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60(1), 10-15.
  • Mathwin, K. P., Chapparo, C., & Hinnit, J. (2022). Children with handwriting difficulties: developing orthographic knowledge of alphabet-letters to improve capacity to write alphabet symbols. Reading and Writing, 35(4), 919-942.
  • Mehta, P. P., & Nandgaonkar, H. P. (2019). Visual-perceptual training for handwriting legibility and speed in children with handwriting difficulties: A single-arm interventional study. The Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 51(1), 14.
  • Maeland, A. F. (1992). Handwriting and perceptual-motor skills in clumsy, dysgraphic, and “normal” children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75, 1207–1217.
  • McHale, K., & Cermak, S. (1992). Fine motor activities in elementary school: Preliminary findings and provisional implications for children with fine motor problems. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 46, 898–903.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. sage.
  • Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group. (2009). Reprint—preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and metaanalyses: The PRISMA Statement. Physical Therapy, 89(9), 873-880.
  • Murray, D. M. (1985). Writing and teaching for Surprise. Highway One, 8, 174-81.
  • Reisman, J. E. (1993). Development and reliability of the research version of the Minnesota handwriting test. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 13, 41–55.
  • Rigby, P., & Schwellnus, H. (1999). Occupational therapy decision making guidelines for problems in written productivity. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, 19(1), 5-27.
  • Roberts, R., & Mather, N. (1995). The return of students with learning disabilities to regular classrooms: A sellout? Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 10(1), 46–58.
  • Rosenblum, S., Weiss, P. L., & Parush, S. (2004). Handwriting evaluation for developmental dysgraphia: Process versus product. Reading and Writing, 17(5), 433-458.
  • Overvelde, A., & Hulstijn, W. (2011). Handwriting development in grade 2 and grade 3 primary school children with normal, at risk, or dysgraphic characteristics. Research in developmental disabilities, 32(2), 540-548.
  • Parastar Feizabadi, M., Yazdchi, M., Ghoshuni, M., & Hashemian, P. (2013). A brief study on EEG signals of dysgraphia children in relaxing and writing moods. International Journal of Biomedical Research, 4(1), 45-49.
  • Rosenblum, S., Dvorkin, A. Y., & Weiss, P. L. (2006). Automatic segmentation as a tool for examining the handwriting process of children with dysgraphic and proficient handwriting. Human Movement Science, 25(4-5), 608-621. Rosenblum, S., & Livneh-Zirinski, M. (2008). Handwriting process and product characteristics of children diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder. Human Movement Science, 27(2), 200-214.
  • Rosenblum, S., Aloni, T., & Josman, N. (2010). Relationships between handwriting performance and organizational abilities among children with and without dysgraphia: A preliminary study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31(2), 502-509.
  • Sassoon R. (1990). Handwriting: A New Perspective. Cheltenham, UK: Stanley Thornes.
  • Serravallo, J. (2017). The writing strategies book: your everything guide to developing writers, Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.
  • Schneck, C. M. (1991). Comparison of pencil-grip patterns in first graders with good and poor writing skills. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45(8), 701-706.
  • Shire, K. A., Atkinson, J., Williams, E. A., Pickavance, J., Magallón, S., Hill, L. J., ... & Mon-Williams, M. (2021). Developing and implementing a school-led motor intervention for children with handwriting difficulties. Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools, & Early Intervention, 14(3), 274-290.
  • Smits-Engelsman, B. C., & Van Galen, G. P. (1997). Dysgraphia in children: Lasting psychomotor deficiency or transient developmental delay?. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 67(2), 164-184.
  • Smits-Engelsman, B. C., Niemeijer, A. S., & van Galen, G. P. (2001). Fine motor deficiencies in children diagnosed as DCD based on poor grapho-motor ability. Human Movement Science, 20(1-2), 161-182.
  • Stewart, J. (1992). Auditory-visual integration and reading performance for learning-disabled and typical students aged seven to eleven years (Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania).
  • Thani, P. K., Koohzad, N., & Ahmadi, F. (2022). Comparison of the effectiveness of fernald’s sensory method and educational games on writing disorder in elementary school students. Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine, 10(1), 1-6.
  • Uysal, H., & Sidekli, S. (2020). İlkokul 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin zihin haritası yöntemi ile hikâye yazma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 45(204).
  • Van Waelvelde, H., De Roubaix, A., Steppe, L., Troubleyn, E., De Mey, B., Dewitte, G., ... & Van de Velde, D. (2017). Effectiveness of a self-regulated remedial program for handwriting difficulties. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 24(5), 311-319.
  • Van Hoorn, J. F., Maathuis, C. G., & Hadders‐Algra, M. (2013). Neural correlates of paediatric dysgraphia. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55, 65-68
  • Wissinger, D. R., & De La Paz, S. (2020). Effects of discipline-specific strategy instruction on historical writing growth of students with writing difficulties. Journal of learning disabilities, 53(3), 199-212.
  • Yıldız, S. (2010). İlk okuma yazma sürecinde çoklu ortam uygulamalarının okuma becerisi üzerinde etkililiği. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(20), 31-63.
  • Yıldız, M. (2013). Yazma güçlüğü (disgrafi) olan bir ilkokul 2. Sınıf öğrencisinin el yazısı okunaklılığının geliştirilmesi: Eylem araştırması. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (16).
  • Yılmaz, O. (2006). Derleme yazılar. Sağlık Bilimlerinde Süreli Yayıncılık. http://uvt.ulakbim.gov.tr/tip/sempozyum4/page49-52.pdf adresinden alınmıştır.
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Özel Eğitim ve Engelli Eğitimi
Bölüm İnceleme Makalesi
Yazarlar

Diren Çelik 0000-0001-5080-9690

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, D. (2023). YAZMA GÜÇLÜĞÜ YAŞAYAN ÖĞRENCİLERE YÖNELİK YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ. Alanyazın, 4(1), 43-61. https://doi.org/10.59320/alanyazin.1216112