The Ensiling Capability of Various Commercial Mixture Additives on Sunflower Silage Composition, Organic Matter Digestibility and Microbial Profiles

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 53 - 58, 30.12.2016

Semla Büyükkılıç Beyzi Yusuf Konca , Mehmet Levent Özdüven Berrin Okuyucu

Öz

The objective of this study was to evaluate the
effects of commercial acid mixtures on silage chemical composition, lactobacillus,
yeast and mold in the silages and organic matter digestibility. The treatment
groups as follows: (1) Control (C, no additive), (2) formic acid, propionic
acid and lignosulphopic acid mixture (1 g/kg, SA, soft acid®), (3) calcium
formiate, sodium benzoate and sodium metabisulfite mixture (1 g/kg, Silamix®)
and (4) SA+SM mixture (1 g/kg SA+1 g/kg SM) admixed to fresh sunflower crops.
Then, fresh crop materials were filled one kg in vacuum nylons and vacuumed
with six replicates and kept for 90 days at room temperature (about 20 to 26
°C). Dry matter content of silages were lower in the SA+SM supplemented group
than those of C and SA groups and crude protein content of SM and the SA+SM
groups lower than those of C and SA groups (P<0.01). The crude fiber and
acid detergent fiber ratio were higher in the C group than the other groups
(P<0.01). In the C group the HEM content were lower than SA+SM group
(P<0.05) and in the SA group’s ADL were higher than those of other groups
(P<0.01).Acids supplementations increased total digestibility nutrient
ratio. The lactic acid concentration in the SA+SM group were higher than those
of other groups and in the SM group, organic matter digestibility were higher
than those of C and SA groups (P<0.01).Acid addition was not affect pH,
ether extract, NDF, and lactobacillus and
yeast count of silages. In conclusion, acids mixture supplementation to
sunflower silage caused a decrease in DM, CP and ADF content, however,
increased HEM, TDN, LA and OMD and so they may improve silage quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acid additives, Lactobacilli, mould, silage quality, sunflower

Çeşitli Ticari Karışımların Ayçiçeği Silajlarında Kullanılabilme ISSN:1307-3311 Olanağı, Silaj Kalitesi, İn-Vitro Sindirilebilirlik ve Mikroorganizma Profili Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu
çalışma, ticari asit karışımlarının silaj katkı maddesi olarak ayçiçeği
silajında kullanılmasının kimyasal kompozisyon, lactobacillus, maya ve küf içeriği ile organik madde
sindirilebilirliği üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Muamele
grupları; (1) kontrol ((K), katkı maddesi ilavesi yok), (2) formik asit,
propiyonik asit ve lignosulfopikasit karışımı(1 g/kg, (SA), softacid®), (3)
sodyum benzoat, sodyum metabisulfit ve kalsiyum formiyat karışımı (1 g/kg,(SM),
Silamix®) ve (4) SA+ SM karışımı (1 g/kg SA+1 g/kg SM). Silaj materyalleri 6
tekerrürlü olarak bir litre hacimli vakum poşetlerinde vakumlanmış ve 90 gün
süreyle fermantasyona bırakılmıştır. SA+SM grubunda kuru madde (KM) oranı K ve
SA gruplarından, SM ve SA+SM gruplarında ham protein (HP) içeriği K ve SA
gruplarından önemli derecede düşük bulunmuştur (P<0,01). K grubunda ham
selüloz (HS) ve asit deterjan fiber (ADF) içeriği diğer gruplardan daha yüksek
bulunmuştur (P<0,01). K grubunda hemiselüloz (HEM) içeriği SA+SM grubundan
daha düşük (P<0,05), SA grubunda lignin (ADL) içeriği diğer gruplardan daha
yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,01). Asitlerin ilavesi ile toplam besin madde
sindirilebilirliği oranı artmış; SA+SM grubunda laktik asit (LA) oranı diğer
gruplardan ve SM grubunda organik madde sindirilebilirliği (OMS), K ve SA
gruplarından daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P<0,01). Asit ilaveleri ile silajlarda
pH, ham yağ (HY), nötral deterjan fiber (NDF) ile lactobacillus ve maya sayısı etkilenmemiştir. Sonuç olarak,
ayçiçeği silajlarına asit karışımı ilavelerinin KM, HP ve ADF oranında azalma,
HEM, toplam sindirilebilir besin maddeleri (TSBM), LA ile OMS’nde artış meydana
getirdiği ve ayçiçeği silajlarında katkı maddesi olarak kullanılmasının silaj kalitesini
artırabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asit karışımları, ayçiçeği, küf, Lactobacillus, silaj kalitesi

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