Investigation of the Green Infrastructure Performance via Hydrologic/Hydraulic and Water Quality Model: A Case Study of Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Büyükçekmece Campus

Öz

Heavy urbanization leads to an increase in surface runoff volume and pollution of surface water quantities and consequently, a decline in water quality. Green Infrastructure System components are used to diminish these harmful effects. Green Infrastructure Systems are nature-friendly methods that decrease peak discharge and surface runoff as well as improving water quality by decreasing pollutant concentrations. These applications which lessen the impacts of urbanization are called Low Impact Development (LID) implementations. In this study, the effects of LID implementations on surface runoff and water quality are examined. In context, we utilized the Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA-SWMM) to process the Hydrologic/Hydraulic and Water Quality Model of the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Büyükçekmece Campus. Having compared the models with and without LID applications, the green infrastructure performance is investigated. The results indicated that total surface runoff, peak flow rate, and the pollutant concentrations in the surface flow had decreased significantly.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Low Impact Development
• Green Infrastructure Systems
• EPA-SWMM
• Hydraulic/Hydrologic Model
• Water Quality Model
• Flood
• Surface Runoff

Yeşil Altyapı Sistemlerinin Hidrolojik/Hidrolik ve Su Kalitesi Modeli ile Performansının İncelenmesi: İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Büyükçekmece Kampüsü Örneği

Öz

Yoğun kentleşme, yüzeysel akış miktarının artmasına, yüzeyde toplanan suyun kirlenmesine ve bunun sonucunda su kalitesinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu olumsuz etkilerin azaltılması için Yeşil Altyapı Sistem bileşenleri kullanılmaktadır. Yeşil Altyapı Sistemleri yüzeysel akışın pik debisini ve miktarını azaltan, aynı zamanda kirletici konsantrasyonunu düşürerek su kalitesini iyileştiren doğal yöntemlerdir. Özellikle, kentsel alanlarda yağmur suyu özelinde uygulanan yeşil altyapı uygulamaları aynı zamanda Düşük Etkili Kentleşme (DEK) uygulamaları olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, DEK uygulamalarının yüzeysel akış miktarına ve su kalitesine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak Çevre Koruma Kuruluşu Yağmur Suyu Yönetim Modeli (EPA-SWMM) bilgisayar programı kullanılarak İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Büyükçekmece Kampüsü’ne ait Hidrolojik-Hidrolik ve su kalitesi modeli oluşturulmuştur. DEK uygulamalarının bulunduğu ve bulunmadığı model karşılaştırılarak, Yeşil Altyapı Sistemlerinin performansı incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak DEK uygulamalarıyla birlikte; toplam yüzeysel akış miktarının, pik debinin ve yüzeysel akıştaki kirletici konsantrasyonunun önemli ölçüde azaldığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Düşük Etkili Kentleşme
• Yeşil Altyapı Sistemleri
• EPA-SWMM
• Hidrolojik/Hidrolik Model
• Su Kalitesi Modeli
• Taşkın
• Yüzeysel Akış

Kaynakça

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