Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi

Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4 7 Temmuz 2015
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Demographic Characteristics of Patients Who Had Cerebrovascular Disease and Management of Risk Factors Which Can Be Prevented in Primary Health Centers

Abstract

Objectives: Cerebrovascular disease is a common health problem. Serebrovascular disease is the second common cause of mortality among persons sixty years and older worldwide1. İt is the leading cause of functional impairment and labor loss1. Determining the etiology of stroke is important in management of risk factors. This study aims at determination of the frequency of known risk factors for stroke and whether these factors are adequetely controlled or not in a population of patients hospitalized for stroke.

Materials and Methods: A total of 657 patients hospitalized and treated for the diagnosis of stroke in Ankara Atatürk Education and Research Hospital are included in the study. Medical records of the patients are retrospectively reviewed for the risk factors defined in the results of the study by the World Health Organisation working group  and primary prevention guidelines published by American Heart Association/American Stroke Association 2,3.

Results: Ischemic stroke was present in 74.8% (n=491) of the included patients, whereas intracerebral bleeding was present in 16.7% (n=110) and subarachnoid bleeding in 8.5% (n=56). The incidence of stroke under the age of 45 was 6.1%. Of the patients under the age of forty five 47.5% had ischemic stroke and 52.5% hemorrhagic stroke. The diagnosis of hypertension was present in 450 (68.5%) patients, 28 (4.3%) of whom were diagnosed with hypertension after the hospital admission. Among patients with the diagnosis of hypertension, medication compliance was full in 71.3% (n=321), poor in 19.3% (n=87), while 9.3% (n=42) were non-compliant. The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 147 (22.4%) patients, 54 (8.2%) of whom were diagnosed with DM after the hospital admission. Ischemic stroke was present in 82.6% of the diabetic patients, compared with 71.3% of non-diabetics. Among diabetic patients 5.4% (n=8) had a poor medication compliance, while 16.3% (n=24) were non-compliant. Median HbA1c level was 7.5 g/dL (IQR: 2.40). Ischemic stroke was present in 86.8% of patients having a serum HDL level below 45 mg/dL, whereas 68.2% of patients having a serum HDL level of 65 mg/dL and above had ischemic stroke. There was a negative association between serum HDL levels and ischemic stroke (Z=2.889; p=0.004). When the patients were grouped as having a serum LDL ≥ 140 mg/dL and < 80 mg/dL, a statistically significant difference was not present between these groups in view of the type of stroke ( c2=0.314; p=0.575). Elektrocardiographic findings on hospital admission showed sinus rhytm in 88.3%, atrial fibrillation (AF) in 11.6% and pacemaker rhytm in 1.0% of the patients. Among patients having AF rhytm 57.1% were not on any anti-coagulant an/or anti-aggregant therapy, 23.4% were on acetylsalycilic acid (ASA), 9.1% on warfarin, 2.6% on clopidogrel, 5.2% on ASA + warfarin, 2.6% on ASA + clopidogrel. Mortality after hemorrhagic stroke was 34.1%, whereas 13.3% after ischemic stroke.

Conclusion: Occurrence of stroke and disability ratio due to stroke can be reduced by minimizing the risk factors of stroke .  The frequency of other risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, sedentary lifestyle are increasing by age and the damage of vascular structure and atherosclerotic changes play an important role in the formation of stroke. Stroke development can minimized by appropriate follow-up and treatment. On behalf of protective medicine, family physicians have an important role in the prevention of stroke.

Keywords

Kaynakça

  1. Silvestrelli G, Paciaroni M, Caso V et al. Risk factors and stroke subtypes: results of five consecutive years of the perugia stroke registry, Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 2006;28:279-86.
  2. WHO MONICA Project Principal Investigators, The World Health Organisation MONICA Project (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Diseases): A major collaboration. J Clin Epidemiol 1988;41:105-14.
  3. Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, Chaturvedi S, Creager MA. Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2011;42:517-84.
  4. Special Report From The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Classification of Cerebrovascular Diseases III. Stroke 1990;21:637-76.
  5. Kumral E. Serebrovasküler Hastalıklar. 3. Baskı, Ankara: Güneş Kitabevi;2009:37-50.
  6. Bornstein N,M, Aronovich BD, Karepov VG et al. The Tel Aviv stroke registry. Stroke 1996;27:1770-3.
  7. Demirci S, Yalçıner BZ, Bakaç G, Dayan C, Aysal F, Baybaş S. İnmelerde tekrarlayıcılığı etkileyen risk faktörleri. Düşünen Adam Psikiyatri ve Nöroloji Bilimleri Dergisi 2010;23:38-43.
  8. Kıyan S, Özsaraç M, Ersel M ve ark. Acil Servise Başvuran Akut İskemik İnmeli 124 Hastanın Geriye Yönelik Bir Yıllık İncelemesi. Akademik Acil Tıp Dergisi, 2009;8(3):15-20.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

-

Bölüm

-

Yayımlanma Tarihi

7 Temmuz 2015

Gönderilme Tarihi

7 Temmuz 2015

Kabul Tarihi

-

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 1970 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA
Demirci Şahin, A., Üstü, Y., Işık, D., Öztaş, D., Karataş Eray, İ., & Uğurlu, M. (2015). Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi. Ankara Medical Journal, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.79435
AMA
1.Demirci Şahin A, Üstü Y, Işık D, Öztaş D, Karataş Eray İ, Uğurlu M. Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi. Ankara Med J. 2015;15(4). doi:10.17098/amj.79435
Chicago
Demirci Şahin, Ayşe, Yusuf Üstü, Derya Işık, Dilek Öztaş, İrep Karataş Eray, ve Mehmet Uğurlu. 2015. “Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi”. Ankara Medical Journal 15 (4). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.79435.
EndNote
Demirci Şahin A, Üstü Y, Işık D, Öztaş D, Karataş Eray İ, Uğurlu M (01 Kasım 2015) Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi. Ankara Medical Journal 15 4
IEEE
[1]A. Demirci Şahin, Y. Üstü, D. Işık, D. Öztaş, İ. Karataş Eray, ve M. Uğurlu, “Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi”, Ankara Med J, c. 15, sy 4, Kas. 2015, doi: 10.17098/amj.79435.
ISNAD
Demirci Şahin, Ayşe - Üstü, Yusuf - Işık, Derya - Öztaş, Dilek - Karataş Eray, İrep - Uğurlu, Mehmet. “Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi”. Ankara Medical Journal 15/4 (01 Kasım 2015). https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.79435.
JAMA
1.Demirci Şahin A, Üstü Y, Işık D, Öztaş D, Karataş Eray İ, Uğurlu M. Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi. Ankara Med J. 2015;15. doi:10.17098/amj.79435.
MLA
Demirci Şahin, Ayşe, vd. “Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi”. Ankara Medical Journal, c. 15, sy 4, Kasım 2015, doi:10.17098/amj.79435.
Vancouver
1.Ayşe Demirci Şahin, Yusuf Üstü, Derya Işık, Dilek Öztaş, İrep Karataş Eray, Mehmet Uğurlu. Serebrovasküler Hastalık Geçiren Hastaların Demografik Özellikleri ve Birinci Basamak Sağlık Merkezlerinde Önlenebilen Risk Faktörlerinin Yönetimi. Ankara Med J. 01 Kasım 2015;15(4). doi:10.17098/amj.79435

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