An Evaluation of Sociodemographic Characteristics and Pregnancy-Related Psychological Problems in Pregnant Adolescents

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 151 - 159, 27.09.2017

Tayfun Kara , Keziban Doğan Behiye Alyanak İsmail Akaltun

https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.340100

Cited By: 2

Öz

Objectives: Pregnancy in adolescence may involve more psychological problems and
socioeconomic difficulties compared to pregnancies in adulthood. The purpose of
this study was to identify socioeconomic characteristics and psychological
problems that may give rise to such difficulties.

Materials and Methods: This
case-control study was performed with pregnant women presented to the Istanbul
Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital Gynecology and
Obstetrics Department. The study group consisted of 85 pregnant adolescents
aged 13-19 and the control group consisted of 50 pregnant adults aged 20 or
over. Subjects were evaluated by face-to-face interviews using an information
form prepared by specialist psychiatrists.

Results: The study group and their
partners had lower levels of education compared to the control group. The
members of the study group had more siblings than the control group. Adolescent
pregnants were found to be as ready for motherhood as adults and desire to
become pregnant as much as adult pregnants. There was no significant difference
between the control group and the study group in terms of suicidal ideation and
suicide attempt. The study group described no increase in psychological
problems and difficulties during pregnancy. Indeed, periods of intense unease
and distress during pregnancy were significantly less than the control group. 

Conclusion: Adolescent pregnancies
are affected by large families and lower levels of education. Contrary to
expectation, pregnant adolescents in Turkey reported no greater incidence of
psychological problems. This may be due to a sociocultural perception of the
functional value of motherhood in the country and to a positive attitude towards
adolescent pregnancies. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescent pregnancy, risk factors, family characteristics, education

Gebe Adölesanlarda Sosyodemografik Özelliklerin ve Gebelikle İlgili Ruhsal Sorunların Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Adölesan
dönemde yaşanan gebelik yetişkinlik dönemi gebeliklerine oranla daha çok ruhsal
soruna ve sosyoekonomik zorluklara sahip olabilir. Çalışmamızın amacı, gebe
adölesanlarda bu sorunlara neden olabilecek sosyodemografik özellikleri ve
ruhsal sorunları tanımlamaktır.

Materyal ve Metot:
Çalışmamız İstanbul Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kadın
Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniği’ne başvurmuş gebeliğe sahip hastalar ile
yürütülen vaka-kontrol çalışmasıdır. Çalışma grubu 13-19 yaş aralığında
gebeliğine sahip 85 adölesan gebeden, kontrol grubu 20 yaş ve üzeri gebeliğe
sahip 50 yetişkin gebeden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılar psikiyatri uzmanları
tarafından hazırlanmış bilgi formu ile karşılıklı görüşmeler yapılarak
değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular:
Çalışma grubunun ve eşlerinin kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha düşük eğitim
düzeyine sahip olduğu görüldü. Çalışma grubunun kontrol grubundan daha fazla
sayıda kardeşe sahip olduğu saptandı. Adölesan gebelerin kendilerini erişkin
gebeler kadar anneliğe hazır hissettikleri ve erişkin gebeler kadar gebeliği
arzu ettikleri saptandı. Kontrol grubu ile çalışma grubu arasında intihar
düşüncesi ve intihar girişimi açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Çalışma
grubunda gebelik dönemi ruhsal sorun ve sıkıntı tanımlarında artma olmadığı,
hatta gebelikte yoğun sıkıntı ve bunaltı hissedilen dönemlerin kontrol
grubundan anlamlı düşük olduğu görüldü.

Sonuç: Adölesan
dönemi gebelikleri kalabalık aileler ve düşük eğitim seviyesi durumundan
etkilenir. Beklenenin aksine adölesan gebelerde ruhsal sorun tanımının daha
yüksek olmadığı görüldü. Bu durum, sosyo-kültürel olarak anne olmanın işlevsel
değerli algılanmasıyla, ergen gebeliklere olumlu yaklaşımla ilişkili olabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adölesan gebelik, risk faktörleri, aile özellikleri, eğitim

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