The Role of Vitamin D in Multiple Sclerosis

Öz

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common chronic autoimmune neurological disease associated with myelin and axonal damage in the central nervous system. Although its etiology is not fully known, vitamin D plays a role in the development of MS, both as a genetic and environmental risk factor. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that individuals with MS have a deficiency of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). In addition, low serum vitamin D levels have been reported to cause exacerbation of MS symptoms and increased relapse rates. Vitamin D is predicted to have an important potential role in the pathophysiology of MS, thanks to its immunomodulatory effects. Accordingly, moderate doses of vitamin D supplementation are thought to be an effective method in the prevention and treatment of MS in order to keep serum 25(OH)D levels at an optimal level. In this review, the relationship between MS and vitamin D is discussed in accordance with the current literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multiple sclerosis
• MS
• Vitamin D
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D3
• Vitamin D deficiency

Multiple Sklerozda D vitamininin Rolü

Öz

Multiple Skleroz (MS), merkezi sinir sisteminde miyelin ve aksonal hasar ile ilişkili sık görülen kronik otoimmün bir nörolojik hastalıktır. Etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmemekle beraber D vitamini, hem genetik hem de çevresel risk faktörü olarak MS gelişiminde rol oynar. Epidemiyolojik ve deneysel çalışmalar MS’li bireylerde serum 25-hidroksivitamin D (25(OH)D) yetersizliğinin olduğunu belirtmektedir. Buna ek olarak düşük serum D vitamini düzeylerinin MS semptomlarının şiddetlenmesine ve nüks oranlarının artmasına sebep olduğu bildirilmiştir. D vitamininin ise immünomodülatör etkileri sayesinde MS patofizyolojisinde önemli bir potansiyel role sahip olduğu öngörülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda serum 25(OH)D düzeylerini optimal seviyede tutmak amacıyla ılımlı dozlarda D vitamini takviyesinin MS’in önlenmesi ve tedavisinde etkili bir yöntem olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemede, MS ve D vitamini ilişkisi mevcut literatür doğrultusunda ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multiple skleroz
• MS
• D vitamini
• 25-hidroksivitamin D3
• D vitamini eksikliği

Kaynakça

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