Yaşlılarda Düzenli Yapılan Boş Zaman Fiziksel Aktiviteleri ile Kırılganlık Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma yaşlı bireylerde düzenli yapılan boş zaman fiziksel aktiviteler ile kırılganlık düzeyinin ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma, bir hastane polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş üzeri yaşlılarda (n=295) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplamak için: ‘’Genel Bilgi Formu, ‘’Frail Kırılganlık Ölçeği’’, ‘’Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği (kısa form)’’ ve düzenli boş zaman fiziksel aktivitenin belirlenmesinde, Chang ve ark.’nın tanımı kullanılmıştır. Veriler, sayı, yüzde, ortalama±standart sapma, medyan (minimum-maksimum), analizlerde Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis testi ve ki-kare testi kullanılarak sunulmuştur. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %30.6’sı kırılgan, %47.8’i kırılganlık öncesi dönemdedir. Kırılganlık ile ilişkili faktörlere bakıldığında, daha önce düşme öyküsü olanların %40.3’ünde kırılganlık görülürken, düşme öyküsü olmayanlarda kırılganlık %25.5’dir (p<0.05). Düzenli boş zaman aktivitesi yapanların %22.1’inde kırılganlık görülürken, yapmayanlarda kırılganlık %39’dur (p<0.05). Ayrıca toplam fiziksel aktivite MET değeri ile yürüme MET değerinin kırılgan yaşlılarda daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Düzenli boş zaman aktiviteleri ile ilişkili faktörlere bakıldığında kadınlarda ve genç yaşlılarda bu aktivitelerin daha fazla yapıldığı görülmüştür (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışmada düzenli boş zaman fiziksel aktivite yapmayan yaşlılarda kırılganlık daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Kırılganlığı önlemek için, boş zaman aktivitesi olarak fiziksel aktivitenin desteklenmesi ve devamlılığının sağlanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boş zaman aktiviteleri
• Yaşlı
• Kırılgan yaşlı
• Egzersiz

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Etik Beyan

Araştırma için Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Girişimsel Olmayan Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındı (tarih ve sayı 10.04.2023-337275). Uygulamanın yapıldığı hastane için Aydın İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü’nden (tarih ve sayı 22.05.2023-350981) yazılı izin alındı. Araştırmaya katılacak katılımcılara; araştırmanın amacı, yöntemi, araştırma için ayıracakları zaman, araştırmaya katılmanın herhangi bir zarar vermeyeceği ve katılımın tamamen gönüllülük ilkesine dayandığı konularında bilgiler verilerek bilgilendirilmiş onamları alındı.

The Relationship Between Regular Leisure-time Physical Activities and Frailty Level in The Elderly

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between regular leisure time physical activities and frailty level in elderly individuals. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in elderly people over 65 years of age (n=295) who applied to a hospital outpatient clinic. To collect data in the study: ''General Information Form, ''Frail Frailty Scale'', ''International Physical Activity Scale (short form)'' and the definition of Chang et al. were used to determine regular leisure time physical activity. Data were presented using number, percentage, mean±standard deviation, median (minimum-maximum), Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test and chi-square test. Results: 30.6% of the participants were frail and 47.8% were in the pre-frail period. When the factors associated with frailty were analysed, 40.3% of those with a history of falls had frailty, while 25.5% of those without a history of falls had frailty (p<0.05). Frailty was observed in 22.1% of those who did regular leisure time activities, whereas it was 39% in those who did not (p<0.05). In addition, total physical activity MET value and walking MET value were found to be lower in frail elderly people (p<0.05). When the factors associated with regular leisure time activities were analysed, it was seen that these activities were performed more in women and young elderly people (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the study, frailty was found to be higher in the elderly who did not engage in regular leisure time physical activity. In order to prevent frailty, it is recommended to support and maintain physical activity as a leisure time activity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Leisure activities
• Aged
• Frail elderly
• Exercise

Kaynakça

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