Sağlık Bölümlerinde Eğitim Alan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin AIDS’e Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sağlık bölümlerinde öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin HIV/AIDS konusundaki bilgi ve tutumlarını belirlemektir. Bu tanımlayıcı bir çalışmadır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma Aralık 2021-Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini sağlık bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 710 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak Sosyodemografik Form, AIDS Bilgi Ölçeği ve AIDS Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanıldı. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kruskal Wallis testi, Spearman Korelasyon analizi ve Mann-Whitney U testi yapıldı.

Bulgular: HIV/AIDS bilgi ve tutum puanları arasında zayıf fakat istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif bir ilişki gözlendi (r = 0.142, p < 0.05). Bilgi puanları, dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri, yeterli HIV/AIDS bilgisine sahip olduğunu bildirenler, bilgiyi bilimsel makalelerden edinenler ve HIV/AIDS tanısı konmuş hastalara bakım vermeye veya bu hastalarla çalışmaya istekli olanlar arasında anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p < 0.05). Tutum puanları ise, bakım vermeye istekli olanlar, kendilerini korumayı bilenler ve HIV/AIDS tanısı konmuş sağlık profesyonelleri ile çalışmaya istekli olanlar arasında anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p < 0.05). Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi, HIV/AIDS tanısı konmuş sağlık profesyonelleri ile çalışmaya istekli olmanın tutumların en güçlü yordayıcısı olduğunu gösterdi (β = −0.252, p < 0.001); bunu sırasıyla, bu profesyonellerle çalışmak zorunda kaldığında rahatsız hissetme (β = 0.177, p < 0.001), bakım vermeye istekli olma (β = −0.118, p = 0.001) ve bakım verirken rahatsız hissetme (β = 0.103, p = 0.016) takip etti. Toplam HIV/AIDS bilgi puanı ise anlamlı bir yordayıcı değildi (β = 0.028, p = 0.417). Model, HIV/AIDS’e yönelik tutumlardaki toplam varyansın %23.1’ini açıkladı (R² = 0.224).

Sonuç: Hemşirelik eğitimi müfredatı, öğrencilerin HIV/AIDS konusunda doğru bilgi ve tutum geliştirmelerine yardımcı olacak teorik ve uygulamalı dersleri içermelidir.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Edinilmiş İmmün Yetmezlik Sendromu
• Sağlık Bilgisi
• Tutum ve Öğrenciler

Identification of Knowledge and Attitudes of University Students Enrolled in Health Departments about AIDS

Öz

Objective: This study aims to identify health department students’ knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS.

Method: The study used a descriptive design and was conducted between December 2021 and February 2022. The sample included 710 health department students. The Socio-demographic Form, the AIDS Knowledge Scale, and the AIDS Attitude Scale were utilized to collect data. Data analysis was conducted in SPSS statistical package program. Analyses used were descriptive statistics, the Kruskal Wallis test, Spearman Correlation analysis, and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results: A weak but statistically significant positive correlation was observed between AIDS knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.142, p < 0.05). Knowledge scores were significantly higher among fourth-year students, those reporting adequate AIDS knowledge, those obtaining information from scientific articles, and those willing to provide care or work with patients diagnosed with AIDS (p < 0.05). Attitude scores were significantly higher in students willing to provide care, those who knew how to protect themselves, and those willing to work with health professionals diagnosed with AIDS (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that willingness to work with health professionals diagnosed with AIDS (β = −0.252, p < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of attitudes, followed by feeling uneasy when required to work with such professionals (β = 0.177, p < 0.001), willingness to provide care (β = −0.118, p = 0.001) and feeling uneasy when providing care (β = 0.103, p = 0.016). Total AIDS knowledge was not a significant predictor (β = 0.028, p = 0.417). The model explained 23.1% of the variance in attitudes toward AIDS (Adjusted R² = 0.224)

Conclusion: The Nursing education curriculum should include theoretical and practical courses to help students develop the right knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
• HIV Infections
• Health Knowledge
• Attitudes
• Students

Kaynakça

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