Sağlıklı Term Yenidoğanlarda Masajın Fiziksel ve Davranışsal Sağlığa Etkisi: Literatür İncelemesi

Öz

Sağlıklı ve term yenidoğanlarda tarama ve aşı programları kapsamında topuk kanı almak ve aşı uygulamaları gibi birçok ağrılı işlem uygulanmaktadır. Bu uygulamalar yenidoğanlarda ağrı, stres gibi birçok probleme yol açabilmekte ve bu durum yenidoğanın fiziksel ve davranışsal sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu durumlarda, yenidoğan gelişimsel bakımının önemi daha da belirginleşmektedir. Masaj, yenidoğanlar üzerinde olumlu etkileri olan ve giderek yaygınlaşan bir bakım yöntemi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Literatürde, prematüreler, yoğun bakımda yatan ve fototerapi tedavisi gören yenidoğanlar üzerinde masajın etkilerini inceleyen birçok araştırma bulunmaktadır. Ancak, sağlıklı ve term yenidoğanlar üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, term sağlıklı yenidoğanlarda masajın fiziksel ve davranışsal sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini literatür doğrultusunda incelemektir. Yenidoğan masajının fiziksel sağlık üzerinde olumlu etkileri üzerine yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda masajın yenidoğanlarda kilo alımı ve boy uzamasını desteklediği, büyüme ve gelişimini teşvik ettiği, ağrı yönetimi ve rahatlama sağladığı, sarılığı azaltmada etkili olduğu, vital bulguları üzerinde olumlu etki sağladığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca literatürde yer alan çalışmalar incelendiğinde masajın yenidoğanlarda ağrı seviyesi ve ağlama süresini azaltma, kortizol hormonunun seviyesini azaltarak stres düzeyini düşürme, oksitosin salınımını artırarak duygusal bağlanma düzeylerini yükseltme, anne-bebek bağlanmasını arttırma, uyku kalitesini iyileştirme gibi davranışsal sağlık üzerine birçok olumlu etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma masajın, term yenidoğanlarda hem fiziksel hem de davranışsal sağlık üzerinde geniş kapsamlı faydalar sağlayan önemli bir bakım yöntemi olarak öne çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ebelik
• Masaj
• Yenidoğan

Healthy Term Newborns Effects of Massage on Physical and Behavioral Health: A Literature Review

Öz

Painful procedures like heel prick blood collection and vaccine administration in healthy and term newborns can cause pain and stress, negatively impacting their physical and behavioral health. This highlights the importance of neonatal developmental care. Massage is a widely accepted care method with positive effects on newborns. Studies have shown its effects on premature, intensive care, and phototherapy treatment newborns, but limited studies on healthy term newborns. Therefore, the effectiveness of massage in newborn care is crucial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of massage on physical and behavioral health in term healthy newborns in line with the literature. As a result of studies on the positive effects of neonatal massage on physical health, it has been found that massage supports weight gain and height gain, promotes growth and development, provides pain management and relaxation, is effective in reducing jaundice, and has a positive effect on vital signs in newborns. In addition, when the studies in the literature are examined, massage has many positive effects on behavioral health such as decreasing pain level and crying time in newborns, decreasing stress level by decreasing cortisol hormone level, increasing emotional attachment levels by increasing oxytocin release, increasing mother-infant attachment, and improving sleep quality. This study highlights massage as an important care method that provides comprehensive benefits on both physical and behavioral health in term newborns.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Massage
• Midwifery
• Newborn

Kaynakça

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