Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Obesity: The Role of FTO and MC4R Gene Polymorphisms

Öz

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder with a complex etiology. It is also associated with metabolic disorders that increase the risk of developing obesity and type 2 diabetes in women. Obesity / adiposity and insulin resistance is a common problem in women with PCOS. Genome projects, which examine the human genome in detail, have been shown to have a large number of genes and genetic variations associated with obesity and some diseases. Among these genes, fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) and melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R) variants are associated with obesity, excess body weight, and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is suggested that genes, FTO and MC4R, may be associated with PCOS through the effects of obesity / adiposity development. In this review article, the relationship of some obesity-related gene polymorphisms (FTO and MC4R) with PCOS has been investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obesity
• PCOS
• FTO
• MC4R

Polikistik Over Sendromu ve Obezite: FTO ve MC4R Gen Polimorfizmlerinin Rolü

Öz

Polikistik Over Sendromu (PKOS) etiyolojisi karmaşık olan multifaktöriyel bir endokrin bozukluktur. Ayrıca kadınlarda obezite ve tip 2 diyabet gelişim riskini arttıran metabolik bozukluklarla da ilişkilidir. Obezite/adipozite ve insülin direnci PKOS’lu kadınlarda oldukça sık karşılaşılan bir problemdir. İnsan genomunun ayrıntılı olarak incelendiği genom projelerinde obezite ve bazı hastalıklarla ilişkili çok sayıda gen ve genetik varyasyonların bulunduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu genler içerisinde yağ kütlesi ve obezite ile ilişkili gen (FTO) ve melanokortin-4 reseptör geni (MC4R) varyantları obezite, aşırı vücut ağırlığı ve tip 2 diyabet ile ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle FTO ve MC4R genlerinin obezite/adipozite gelişimine etkileri yoluyla PKOS ile ilişkili olabileceği öne sürülmektedir. Bu derleme makalede obeziteyle ilişkili bazı gen polimorfizmlerinin (FTO ve MC4R) PKOS ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• PKOS
• FTO
• MC4R

Kaynakça

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