Derleme
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Ön Çapraz Bağ Cerrahi Zamanlamasının Artrofibrozis ve Spora Dönüşe Etkisi – Derleme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 326 - 333, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1000194

Öz

Tüm bağ yaralanmalarının yaklaşık %50'sini oluşturan ön çapraz bağ (ÖÇB) yaralanmaları, diz ekleminde meydana gelen en sık yaralanmalardandır ve yılda 100.000 kişide 30 kişi oranında görülme sıklığına sahiptir. Bu oran ÖÇB rekonstrüksiyon cerrahisini en sık yapılan ortopedik prosedürler arasına sokmaktadır. ÖÇB rekonstrüksiyonundan sonra iyi planlanıp uygulanan bir rehabilitasyon programı cerrahinin başarısını ortaya koyması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Cerrahi yaklaşım genellikle olumlu sonuçlar vermektedir, ancak ameliyat sonrası gelişmesi muhtemel komplikasyonlar hastanın iyileşmesini, tedavinin seyrini ve spora dönüşü olumsuz olarak etkileyebilmektedir. Bu yaralanma ve cerrahi uygulama sıklığı ÖÇB üzerine daha detaylı araştırmalar yapılmasını zorunlu hale getirmektedir. Bu eğitici derleme; ÖÇB yaralanması sonrası cerrahinin zamanlaması, sonrasında gelişebilen artrofibrozis ve spora dönüşe etkisi üzerine kanıtlar sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Musahl, V., Diermeier, T., de SA, D., & Karlsson, J. (2020). ACL surgery: when to do it?. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 28(7), 2023-2026.
  • 2. Noyes, F. R., Barber, S. D., & Mangine, R. E. (1991). Abnormal lower limb symmetry determined by function hop tests after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The American journal of sports medicine, 19(5), 513-518.
  • 3. Hurd, W. J., Axe, M. J., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2008). A 10-year prospective trial of a patient management algorithm and screening examination for highly active individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury: part 2, determinants of dynamic knee stability. The American journal of sports medicine, 36(1), 48-56.
  • 4. Musahl, V., & Karlsson, J. (2019). Anterior cruciate ligament tear. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(24), 2341-2348.
  • 5. Fitzgerald, G. K., Axe, M. J., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2000). A decision-making scheme for returning patients to high-level activity with nonoperative treatment after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 8(2), 76-82.
  • 6. Scavenius, M., Bak, K., Hansen, S., Nørring, K., Jensen, K. H., & Jørgensen, U. (1999). Isolated total ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament–a clinical study with long‐term follow‐up of 7 years. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 9(2), 114-119.
  • 7. Ardern, C. L., Taylor, N. F., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2014). Fifty-five per cent return to competitive sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: an updated systematic review and meta- analysis including aspects of physical functioning and contextual factors. British journal of sports medicine, 48(21), 1543-1552.
  • 8. Gobbi, A., Mahajan, S., Zanazzo, M., & Tuy, B. (2003). Patellar tendon versus quadrupled bone- semitendinosus anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective clinical investigation in athletes. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 19(6), 592-601.
  • 9. Lai, C. C., Ardern, C. L., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2018). Eighty-three per cent of elite athletes return to preinjury sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review with meta-analysis of return to sport rates, graft rupture rates and performance outcomes. British journal of sports medicine, 52(2), 128-138.
  • 10. Waldén, M., Hägglund, M., Magnusson, H., & Ekstrand, J. (2011). Anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite football: a prospective three-cohort study. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 19(1), 11–19.
  • 11. Frobell, R. B., Roos, E. M., Roos, H. P., Ranstam, J., & Lohmander, L. S. (2010). A randomized trial of treatment for acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(4), 331-342.
  • 12. Harner, C. D., Irrgang, J. J., Paul, J., Dearwater, S., & Fu, F. H. (1992). Loss of motion after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 20(5), 499-506.
  • 13. Shelbourne, K. D., Wilckens, J. H., Mollabashy, A., & DeCarlo, M. (1991). Arthrofibrosis in acute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the effect of timing of reconstruction and rehabilitation. The American journal of sports medicine, 19(4), 332-336.
  • 14. Wasilewski, S. A., Covall, D. J., & Cohen, S. (1993). Effect of surgical timing on recovery and associated injuries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 21(3), 338- 342.
  • 15. Lattermann, C., Conley, C. E. W., Johnson, D. L., Reinke, E. K., Huston, L. J., Huebner, J. L., et al. (2018). Select biomarkers on the day of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction predict poor patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up: a pilot study. BioMed research international, 2018.
  • 16. Palmieri-Smith, R. M., & Lepley, L. K. (2015). Quadriceps strength asymmetry after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alters knee joint biomechanics and functional performance at time of return to activity. The American journal of sports medicine, 43(7), 1662-1669.
  • 17. Lattermann, C., Jacobs, C. A., Bunnell, M. P., Jochimsen, K. N., Abt, J. P., Reinke, E. K., et al. (2017). Logistical challenges and design considerations for studies using acute anterior cruciate ligament injury as a potential model for early posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 35(3), 641-650.
  • 18. DeHaven, K. E., Cosgarea, A. J., & Sebastianelli, W. J. (2003). Arthrofibrosis of the knee following ligament surgery. Instructional course lectures, 52, 369-381.
  • 19. Cosgarea, A. J., Sebastianelli, W. J., & DeHaven, K. E. (1995). Prevention of arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the central third patellar tendon autograft. The American journal of sports medicine, 23(1), 87-92.
  • 20. Gillespie, M. J., Friedland, J., & Dehaven, K. E. (1998). Arthrofibrosis: etiology, classification, histopathology, and treatment. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 6(2), 102-110.
  • 21. Mayr, H. O., Weig, T. G., & Plitz, W. (2004). Arthrofibrosis following ACL reconstruction—reasons and outcome. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, 124(8), 518-522.
  • 22. Rushdi, I., Sharifudin, S., & Shukur, A. (2019). Arthrofibrosis following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Malaysian orthopaedic journal, 13(3), 34.
  • 23. Shelbourne, K. D., Patel, D. V., & Martini, D. J. (1996). Classification and management of arthrofibrosis of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 24(6), 857-862.
  • 24. Fu, F. H., Bennett, C. H., Lattermann, C., & Ma, C. B. (1999). Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 27(6), 821-830.
  • 25. Fu, F. H., van Eck, C. F., Tashman, S., Irrgang, J. J., & Moreland, M. S. (2015). Anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a changing paradigm. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy, 23(3), 640- 648.
  • 26. van Eck, C. F., Gravare-Silbernagel, K., Samuelsson, K., Musahl, V., van Dijk, C. N., Karlsson, J., et al. (2013). Evidence to support the interpretation and use of the anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction checklist. JBJS, 95(20), e153.
  • 27. Bottoni, C. R., Liddell, T. R., Trainor, T. J., Freccero, D. M., & Lindell, K. K. (2008). Postoperative range of motion following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autograft hamstrings: a prospective, randomized clinical trial of early versus delayed reconstructions. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(4), 656- 662.
  • 28. Kwok, C. S., Harrison, T., & Servant, C. (2013). The optimal timing for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with respect to the risk of postoperative stiffness. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 29(3), 556-565.
  • 29. Millett, P. J., Wickiewicz, T. L., & Warren, R. F. (2001). Motion loss after ligament injuries to the knee: Part I: causes. The American journal of sports medicine, 29(5), 664-675.
  • 30. Eriksson, K., von Essen, C., Jönhagen, S., & Barenius, B. (2018). No risk of arthrofibrosis after acute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 26(10), 2875-2882.
  • 31. Herbst, E., Hoser, C., Gföller, P., Hepperger, C., Abermann, E., Neumayer, K., et al. (2017). Impact of surgical timing on the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 25(2), 569-577.
  • 32. Newman, J. T., Carry, P. M., Terhune, E. B., Spruiell, M. D., Heare, A., Mayo, M., et al. (2015). Factors predictive of concomitant injuries among children and adolescents undergoing anterior cruciate ligament surgery. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(2), 282-288.
  • 33. İyetin, Y., Özturan, B., & Poyanlı, (2020) O. Ş. Ön çapraz bağ yaralanmasında cerrahi zamanlama. Totbid, 550-554
  • 34. Muller, B., Yabroudi, M. A., Lynch, A., Popchak, A. J., Lai, C. L., van Dijk, C. N., et al. (2022). Return to preinjury sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is predicted by five independent factors. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 30(1), 84-92.
  • 35. Lynch, A. D., Logerstedt, D. S., Grindem, H., Eitzen, I., Hicks, G. E., Axe, M. J., et al. (2015). Consensus criteria for defining ‘successful outcome’after ACL injury and reconstruction: a Delaware-Oslo ACL cohort investigation. British journal of sports medicine, 49(5), 335-342.
  • 36. Diermeier, T., Rothrauff, B. B., Engebretsen, L., Lynch, A. D., Ayeni, O. R., Paterno, M. V., et al. (2020). Treatment after anterior cruciate ligament injury: panther symposium ACL treatment consensus group. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(6), 2325967120931097.
  • 37. Grevnerts, H. T., Fältström, A., Sonesson, S., Gauffin, H., Carlfjord, S., & Kvist, J. (2018). Activity demands and instability are the most important factors for recommending to treat ACL injuries with reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 26(8), 2401-2409.
  • 38. Ardern, C. L., Webster, K. E., Taylor, N. F., & Feller, J. A. (2011). Return to the preinjury level of competitive sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: two-thirds of patients have not returned by 12 months after surgery. The American journal of sports medicine, 39(3), 538-543.
  • 39. Webster, K. E., & Feller, J. A. (2019). Expectations for return to preinjury sport before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 47(3), 578-583.
  • 40. Meredith, S. J., Rauer, T., Chmielewski, T. L., Fink, C., Diermeier, T., Rothrauff, B. B., et al. (2020). Return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Panther Symposium ACL Injury Return to Sport Consensus Group. Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 8(6), 2325967120930829.
  • 41. Czuppon, S., Racette, B. A., Klein, S. E., & Harris-Hayes, M. (2014). Variables associated with return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. British journal of sports medicine, 48(5), 356-364.
  • 42. Kitaguchi, T., Tanaka, Y., Takeshita, S., Tsujimoto, N., Kita, K., Amano, H., et al. (2020). Importance of functional performance and psychological readiness for return to preinjury level of sports 1 year after ACL reconstruction in competitive athletes. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 28(7), 2203-2212.

Effect of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery Timing on Artrofibrosis and Return to Sports - Review

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 326 - 333, 31.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1000194

Öz

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries constitute approximately 50% of all ligament injuries. Although it is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee joint, it has an incidence of approximately 30 per 100,000 people per year. Because of this rate, ACL reconstruction surgery is among the most frequently performed orthopedic procedures. A well-planned and implemented rehabilitation program after ACL reconstruction is very important in terms of demonstrating the success of the surgery. ACL surgery generally yields good results but the occurrence of postoperative complications may adversely affect the recovery of the patient, the course of treatment and return to sports. This frequent occurrence necessitates more detailed research on ACL. This educational review provides evidence on the timing of ACL reconstruction surgery, subsequent arthrofibrosis, and its effect on returning to sports.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Musahl, V., Diermeier, T., de SA, D., & Karlsson, J. (2020). ACL surgery: when to do it?. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 28(7), 2023-2026.
  • 2. Noyes, F. R., Barber, S. D., & Mangine, R. E. (1991). Abnormal lower limb symmetry determined by function hop tests after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. The American journal of sports medicine, 19(5), 513-518.
  • 3. Hurd, W. J., Axe, M. J., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2008). A 10-year prospective trial of a patient management algorithm and screening examination for highly active individuals with anterior cruciate ligament injury: part 2, determinants of dynamic knee stability. The American journal of sports medicine, 36(1), 48-56.
  • 4. Musahl, V., & Karlsson, J. (2019). Anterior cruciate ligament tear. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(24), 2341-2348.
  • 5. Fitzgerald, G. K., Axe, M. J., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2000). A decision-making scheme for returning patients to high-level activity with nonoperative treatment after anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 8(2), 76-82.
  • 6. Scavenius, M., Bak, K., Hansen, S., Nørring, K., Jensen, K. H., & Jørgensen, U. (1999). Isolated total ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament–a clinical study with long‐term follow‐up of 7 years. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 9(2), 114-119.
  • 7. Ardern, C. L., Taylor, N. F., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2014). Fifty-five per cent return to competitive sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: an updated systematic review and meta- analysis including aspects of physical functioning and contextual factors. British journal of sports medicine, 48(21), 1543-1552.
  • 8. Gobbi, A., Mahajan, S., Zanazzo, M., & Tuy, B. (2003). Patellar tendon versus quadrupled bone- semitendinosus anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective clinical investigation in athletes. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 19(6), 592-601.
  • 9. Lai, C. C., Ardern, C. L., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2018). Eighty-three per cent of elite athletes return to preinjury sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review with meta-analysis of return to sport rates, graft rupture rates and performance outcomes. British journal of sports medicine, 52(2), 128-138.
  • 10. Waldén, M., Hägglund, M., Magnusson, H., & Ekstrand, J. (2011). Anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite football: a prospective three-cohort study. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 19(1), 11–19.
  • 11. Frobell, R. B., Roos, E. M., Roos, H. P., Ranstam, J., & Lohmander, L. S. (2010). A randomized trial of treatment for acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. New England Journal of Medicine, 363(4), 331-342.
  • 12. Harner, C. D., Irrgang, J. J., Paul, J., Dearwater, S., & Fu, F. H. (1992). Loss of motion after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 20(5), 499-506.
  • 13. Shelbourne, K. D., Wilckens, J. H., Mollabashy, A., & DeCarlo, M. (1991). Arthrofibrosis in acute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: the effect of timing of reconstruction and rehabilitation. The American journal of sports medicine, 19(4), 332-336.
  • 14. Wasilewski, S. A., Covall, D. J., & Cohen, S. (1993). Effect of surgical timing on recovery and associated injuries after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 21(3), 338- 342.
  • 15. Lattermann, C., Conley, C. E. W., Johnson, D. L., Reinke, E. K., Huston, L. J., Huebner, J. L., et al. (2018). Select biomarkers on the day of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction predict poor patient-reported outcomes at 2-year follow-up: a pilot study. BioMed research international, 2018.
  • 16. Palmieri-Smith, R. M., & Lepley, L. K. (2015). Quadriceps strength asymmetry after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alters knee joint biomechanics and functional performance at time of return to activity. The American journal of sports medicine, 43(7), 1662-1669.
  • 17. Lattermann, C., Jacobs, C. A., Bunnell, M. P., Jochimsen, K. N., Abt, J. P., Reinke, E. K., et al. (2017). Logistical challenges and design considerations for studies using acute anterior cruciate ligament injury as a potential model for early posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 35(3), 641-650.
  • 18. DeHaven, K. E., Cosgarea, A. J., & Sebastianelli, W. J. (2003). Arthrofibrosis of the knee following ligament surgery. Instructional course lectures, 52, 369-381.
  • 19. Cosgarea, A. J., Sebastianelli, W. J., & DeHaven, K. E. (1995). Prevention of arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using the central third patellar tendon autograft. The American journal of sports medicine, 23(1), 87-92.
  • 20. Gillespie, M. J., Friedland, J., & Dehaven, K. E. (1998). Arthrofibrosis: etiology, classification, histopathology, and treatment. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine, 6(2), 102-110.
  • 21. Mayr, H. O., Weig, T. G., & Plitz, W. (2004). Arthrofibrosis following ACL reconstruction—reasons and outcome. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery, 124(8), 518-522.
  • 22. Rushdi, I., Sharifudin, S., & Shukur, A. (2019). Arthrofibrosis following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Malaysian orthopaedic journal, 13(3), 34.
  • 23. Shelbourne, K. D., Patel, D. V., & Martini, D. J. (1996). Classification and management of arthrofibrosis of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 24(6), 857-862.
  • 24. Fu, F. H., Bennett, C. H., Lattermann, C., & Ma, C. B. (1999). Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 27(6), 821-830.
  • 25. Fu, F. H., van Eck, C. F., Tashman, S., Irrgang, J. J., & Moreland, M. S. (2015). Anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a changing paradigm. Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy, 23(3), 640- 648.
  • 26. van Eck, C. F., Gravare-Silbernagel, K., Samuelsson, K., Musahl, V., van Dijk, C. N., Karlsson, J., et al. (2013). Evidence to support the interpretation and use of the anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction checklist. JBJS, 95(20), e153.
  • 27. Bottoni, C. R., Liddell, T. R., Trainor, T. J., Freccero, D. M., & Lindell, K. K. (2008). Postoperative range of motion following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using autograft hamstrings: a prospective, randomized clinical trial of early versus delayed reconstructions. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 36(4), 656- 662.
  • 28. Kwok, C. S., Harrison, T., & Servant, C. (2013). The optimal timing for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with respect to the risk of postoperative stiffness. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 29(3), 556-565.
  • 29. Millett, P. J., Wickiewicz, T. L., & Warren, R. F. (2001). Motion loss after ligament injuries to the knee: Part I: causes. The American journal of sports medicine, 29(5), 664-675.
  • 30. Eriksson, K., von Essen, C., Jönhagen, S., & Barenius, B. (2018). No risk of arthrofibrosis after acute anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 26(10), 2875-2882.
  • 31. Herbst, E., Hoser, C., Gföller, P., Hepperger, C., Abermann, E., Neumayer, K., et al. (2017). Impact of surgical timing on the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 25(2), 569-577.
  • 32. Newman, J. T., Carry, P. M., Terhune, E. B., Spruiell, M. D., Heare, A., Mayo, M., et al. (2015). Factors predictive of concomitant injuries among children and adolescents undergoing anterior cruciate ligament surgery. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(2), 282-288.
  • 33. İyetin, Y., Özturan, B., & Poyanlı, (2020) O. Ş. Ön çapraz bağ yaralanmasında cerrahi zamanlama. Totbid, 550-554
  • 34. Muller, B., Yabroudi, M. A., Lynch, A., Popchak, A. J., Lai, C. L., van Dijk, C. N., et al. (2022). Return to preinjury sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is predicted by five independent factors. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 30(1), 84-92.
  • 35. Lynch, A. D., Logerstedt, D. S., Grindem, H., Eitzen, I., Hicks, G. E., Axe, M. J., et al. (2015). Consensus criteria for defining ‘successful outcome’after ACL injury and reconstruction: a Delaware-Oslo ACL cohort investigation. British journal of sports medicine, 49(5), 335-342.
  • 36. Diermeier, T., Rothrauff, B. B., Engebretsen, L., Lynch, A. D., Ayeni, O. R., Paterno, M. V., et al. (2020). Treatment after anterior cruciate ligament injury: panther symposium ACL treatment consensus group. Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(6), 2325967120931097.
  • 37. Grevnerts, H. T., Fältström, A., Sonesson, S., Gauffin, H., Carlfjord, S., & Kvist, J. (2018). Activity demands and instability are the most important factors for recommending to treat ACL injuries with reconstruction. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 26(8), 2401-2409.
  • 38. Ardern, C. L., Webster, K. E., Taylor, N. F., & Feller, J. A. (2011). Return to the preinjury level of competitive sport after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery: two-thirds of patients have not returned by 12 months after surgery. The American journal of sports medicine, 39(3), 538-543.
  • 39. Webster, K. E., & Feller, J. A. (2019). Expectations for return to preinjury sport before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine, 47(3), 578-583.
  • 40. Meredith, S. J., Rauer, T., Chmielewski, T. L., Fink, C., Diermeier, T., Rothrauff, B. B., et al. (2020). Return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament injury: Panther Symposium ACL Injury Return to Sport Consensus Group. Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 8(6), 2325967120930829.
  • 41. Czuppon, S., Racette, B. A., Klein, S. E., & Harris-Hayes, M. (2014). Variables associated with return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review. British journal of sports medicine, 48(5), 356-364.
  • 42. Kitaguchi, T., Tanaka, Y., Takeshita, S., Tsujimoto, N., Kita, K., Amano, H., et al. (2020). Importance of functional performance and psychological readiness for return to preinjury level of sports 1 year after ACL reconstruction in competitive athletes. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 28(7), 2203-2212.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Esedullah Akaras 0000-0002-0305-4632

Nevin Atalay Güzel 0000-0003-0467-7310

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Akaras, E., & Atalay Güzel, N. (2022). Ön Çapraz Bağ Cerrahi Zamanlamasının Artrofibrozis ve Spora Dönüşe Etkisi – Derleme. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2), 326-333. https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1000194