Bazı Aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotiplerinin Alternaria Yaprak Lekesi (Alternaria carthami Chowdhury) Hastalığına Karşı Dayanıklılık Düzeylerinin Doğal Koşullar Altında Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Ön Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada, aspir ıslah çalışmaları kapsamında, melezleme ile geliştirilen 14 genotip ve 5 tescilli çeşidin (Koç42, Dinçer, Balcı, Linas, Göktürk) 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında doğal tarla şartları altında Alternaria yaprak lekesi hastalığına karşı dayanıklılık bakımından durumları incelenmiştir. Denemeler, Bahri Dağdaş Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme arazisinde tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Hastalık gözlemleri çiçeklenme sonrası yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, doğal koşullarda gerçekleşen Alternaria yaprak lekesi hastalığına karşı Koç42, Linas, Dinçer, Göktürk tescilli aspir çeşitleri birinci yıl orta hassas tepki gösterirken, ikinci yıl hassas olarak reaksiyon vermişlerdir. İleri kademe hatlar birinci yıl 4 adedi, ikinci yıl ise 10 adedi hassas olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Yaprak lekesine dayanıklılık durumunu gözlemlendiği hastalık şiddeti değerleri, varyans analiz sonuçlarına göre yıllar arasında önemli farklılık göstermiştir. Yıllar arasındaki bu farklılıkların iklim değerlerindeki farklılıklardan, özellikle nispi nem ve yağıştan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Nitekim, yağış ve nispi nemin arttığı ikinci yıl hastalık şiddeti de artmıştır. Özellikle dört genotip (BD17, BD10, BD21, BD23) her iki yılda da orta hassas olarak değerlendirilerek yaprak lekesi hastalığına dayanıklılık bakımından ümitvar bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alternaria
• aspir
• dayanıklılık
• ıslah

A Preliminary Study to Determine the Resistance Levels of Some Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes to Alternaria Leaf Spot (Alternaria carthami Chowdhury) under Natural Conditions

Abstract

In this study, 14 genotypes and 5 registered varieties (Koç42, Dinçer, Balcı, Linas, Göktürk) developed by crosses in safflower breeding studies were tested for resistance to Alternaria leaf spot disease under natural field conditions in 2022 and 2023. The experiments were conducted in the experimental field of Bahri Dağdaş International Agricultural Research Institute according to the randomized blocks design with four replications. Disease observations were made after flowering. According to the results of the research, Koç42, Linas, Dinçer, Göktürk safflower cultivars showed medium sensitive reaction against Alternaria leaf spot disease in the first year and sensitive reaction in the second year. In the first year 4 of the advanced lines and in the second year 10 of them were scored as susceptible. According to the results of the variance analyses, the disease severity scores in which leaf spot resistance was observed showed significant differences between years. It is suggested that these differences between years are due to differences in climatic values, particularly relative humidity and rainfall. In fact, disease severity increased in the second year as rainfall and relative humidity increased. In particular, four genotypes (BD17, BD10, BD21, BD23) were rated as moderately susceptible in both years and were considered promising for resistance to leaf spot.

Keywords

• Alternaria
• safflower
• resistance
• breeding

Kaynakça

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