Arıcılık Uygulamaları için Bir Ontoloji (Onto4API): Arıcılık Topluluğunda Anlamsal Birlikte Çalışabilirlik ve Bilgi Paylaşımına Doğru

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 2, 223 - 243, 31.12.2025

Sahin Aydin , Samet Okuyan , Serhat Solmaz

https://doi.org/10.18615/anadolu.1749470

https://izlik.org/JA32SJ57DY

Öz

Bu çalışma, arıcılık alanında anlamsal birlikte çalışabilirliği desteklemek ve yapılandırılmış bilgi paylaşımını kolaylaştırmak amacıyla geliştirilen Onto4API isimli alan ontolojisinin oluşturulma sürecini sunmaktadır. Onto4API, geleneksel arıcılık uygulamalarında bilgi entegrasyonunu ve karar destek sistemlerini engelleyen standart, makine tarafından yorumlanabilir ortak kavramların eksikliğine çözüm getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ontoloji, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Arıcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü'nden uzman araştırmacıların rehberliğinde geliştirilmiş olup, modern arıcılıkta kullanılan temel kavramları, ilişkileri ve üretim pratiklerini biçimsel bir yapıya kavuşturmuştur. OWL 2 ve RDF/XML sözdizimi kullanılarak oluşturulan Onto4API, 67 sınıf, 6 nesne özelliği (object property) ve 10 veri özelliğinden (data property) oluşmaktadır. Ontolojinin geliştirilme süreci, METHONTOLOGY metodolojisi temel alınarak yürütülmüş; bu sayede tanımlamadan uygulamaya ve değerlendirmeye kadar tüm adımlar metodolojik bütünlük içinde ele alınmıştır. Süreçte uzman doğrulaması, mantıksal tutarlılık kontrolleri ve SPARQL temelli fonksiyonel testler uygulanmıştır. Ontolojinin pratik yararını göstermek amacıyla, ASP.NET MVC ve dotNetRDF teknolojileri kullanılarak SPARQL tabanlı soru-cevap sistemiyle çalışan web tabanlı bir eğitim aracı geliştirilmiştir. Yeniden kullanılabilir ve genişletilebilir bir anlamsal çerçeve sunan Onto4API, yalnızca arıcılık alanındaki dijital dönüşüme katkı sağlamakla kalmayıp, gelecekte geliştirilecek karar destek sistemleri, eğitim platformları ve birlikte çalışabilir veri servisleri için de sağlam bir temel oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arıcılık uygulamaları ontolojisi , arıcılık ontolojisi , arıcılık bilgi paylaşımı , anlamsal birlikte çalışabilirlik

An Ontology for Apiculture Practices (Onto4API): Towards Semantic Interoperability and Knowledge Sharing in the Apiculture Community

https://izlik.org/JA32SJ57DY

Öz

This study presents the development of Onto4API, a domain ontology designed to support semantic interoperability and structured knowledge sharing in the field of apiculture. The ontology addresses the lack of standardized, machine-interpretable vocabularies that hinder knowledge integration and decision support in traditional beekeeping practices. Developed under the guidance of subject-matter experts from the Türkiye Apiculture Research Institute, Onto4API formalizes key concepts, relationships, and production practices in modern beekeeping. The ontology was built using OWL 2 and RDF/XML syntax, and includes 67 classes, six object properties, and 10 data properties. Following the METHONTOLOGY framework, our approach ensures methodological rigor from specification to implementation and evaluation, combining expert validation, reasoning-based consistency checks, and SPARQL-based functional testing. To demonstrate its practical utility, a web-based educational tool was implemented using ASP.NET MVC and dotNetRDF. This prototype enables users to explore apiculture knowledge through SPARQL-based queries in a guided question-and-answer format. By providing a reusable and extensible semantic framework, Onto4API lays the groundwork for future ontology-driven agricultural systems, including intelligent decision support, educational tools, and interoperable data services in apiculture and beyond.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apiculture practices ontology , beekeeping ontology , apiculture knowledge sharing , semantic interoperability

Kaynakça

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