The Effect of Intense Construction and Population Pressure on Flora Changes in Gölköy Campus of Abant Izzet Baysal University in the Last Two Decades

Öz

Food security requires plant genetic resources (PGR), which is seriously risked by climatic changes, urbanization, and population growth. Therefore, collection, conservation, utilization, and improvement of PGR in diverse regions have higher priority. Turkey, situated among gene centers and historical migration routes, enjoys an environmental and genetic diversity. Gölköy Campus of Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, which is a junction between Euro-Siberian and Irano-Turanian phytogeographic regions, has been intensively investigated in different historical periods. In this study, the changes for species diversity on the flora in the last two decades have been measured and compared. Twenty years apart, 332 plant species in 46 families decreased to 153 plant species in 45 families, which was a serious decrease of 66.77% in total plant species.  Construction and human population seriously narrowed genetic diversity even in diverse regions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bolu,Species,Plant Genetic Resources,Urbanization,Population pressure

Yoğun İnşaat ve Nüfus Baskısının Son Yirmi Yılda Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Bolu-Gölköy Yerleşkesinde Flora Değişimine Etkisi

Abstract

   İklim değişiklikleri, kentleşme ve nüfus artışının ciddi tehdidi altında olan bitki genetik kaynaklarına (BGK) gıda güvenliği için gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu nedenle; BGK’nın genetik çeşitlilikce zengin bölgelerden toplanması, korunması, kullanılması ve iyileştirilmesine öncelik verilmektedir. Gen merkezleri arasında ve tarihsel göç yolları üzerinde yer alan Türkiye de bu çevresel ve genetic çeşitlilikten bolca yararlanmaktadır. Avrupa – Sibirya ve İran–Turan fito-coğrafi bölgeleri arasında yer alan Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Bolu - Gölköy Yerleşke’sinde bugüne kadar birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma ile ise, son yirmi yılda kampüste bulunan bitki türlerinin ve endemic bitkilerin genetik çeşitliliği belirlenmiştir. Yırmı yıllık bir sürede 46 familyada 332 olan tür sayısı 45 familyada 153’e düşmüştür. Bu azalma; toplam tür sayısında % 66,77 olmuştur. Artan inşaat faaliyetleri ve yogunlaşan insan nüfusu bu genetic çeşitliliği yüksek alanda bile ciddi bir genetik çeşitlilik daralmasına yol açmıştır.

Keywords

• Bolu,Bitki Genetik Kaynakları,Türler,Kentleşme,Nüfus baskısı

Kaynakça

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